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Xu L, Ma M, Li J, Dai D, Gao D, Ma P, Wu Q, Song D. Exploration of aminopeptidase N as new biomarker for early diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 244:115808. [PMID: 37925942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
False-positive diagnosis and overdiagnosis are ongoing issues in clinical diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Identifying new disease markers is crucial for early diagnosis and improved treatment. Aminopeptidase N (APN) is a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis due to its critical roles in tumor invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and other processes. However, its potential as biomarker for thyroid cancer diagnosis needs further investigation. This study developed an ultra-sensitive near-infrared fluorescence probe, LAN-apn, to investigate the expression level of APN in thyroid cancer and evaluate its potential as biomarker of thyroid cancer. LAN-apn could accurately and sensitively determine APN through fluorescence method (DL = 0.069 ng/mL) and colorimetric method (DL = 4.5 ng/mL). In addition, LAN-apn allowed for successful fluorescence imaging of APN in thyroid cancer cells and thyroid cancer tumors both in vivo and in vitro, and confirmed that APN was significantly upregulated in thyroid cancer. Therefore, APN may become a new biomarker for thyroid cancer diagnosis, and LAN-apn could be used as a new imaging tool for the study of APN-thyroid cancer relationship and the early diagnosis of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Xu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Mo Ma
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China; School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jingkang Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Dianfeng Dai
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Dejiang Gao
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Pinyi Ma
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Qiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Nanomedicine and Translational Research Center, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Sendai Street 126, Changchun, 130033, China.
| | - Daqian Song
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China.
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Bielak C, Arya A, Savill S. Circulating microRNA as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of well-differentiated thyroid cancer: A review article. Cancer Biomark 2023; 36:193-205. [PMID: 36776042 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Half of all people aged 50 and over develop a thyroid nodule in their lifetime, exclusion of cancer is required in each case. Nodule tissue sampling is performed by way of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), however a definite diagnosis in possible only in 30% of cases. The discovery of a diagnostic biomarker to discriminate between thyroid cancer and benign nodules would therefore greatly improve current clinical practice. Using the databases of Medline, Embase and Pubmed we identified 21 original research papers examining various microRNA as potential biomarkers. Currently, the most evidence supporting diagnostic utility exists for miRNA-222. It has been shown repeatedly to have potential in diagnosis of PTC & MTC as well as being linked with the most prognostic factors of all microRNA. To a lesser extent, evidence seems to support the diagnostic and prognostic utility of miR-146b, Let-7 family, miR-221 for PTC and miR-21 for PTC & FTC. MicroRNA appear to show promise as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, however there is still not enough data to produce a consensus. Continued research should be undertaken with streamlined protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezary Bielak
- Department of Otolaryngology, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Bodelwyddan, Denbighshire, UK
| | - Arvind Arya
- Department of Otolaryngology, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Bodelwyddan, Denbighshire, UK
| | - Stuart Savill
- Maelor Academic Unit of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Wrexham, UK
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Eloteify LM, Algizawy SM, Abdelnaim AKM, Mekkawy N. The prognostic value of post thyroidectomy Tc-99m pertechnetate thyroid scan in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Nucl Med Commun 2023; 44:38-43. [PMID: 36437547 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the prognostic value of postoperative Tc-99m pertechnetate scanning in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). METHOD Patients with pathologically proven low or intermediate-risk DTC were enrolled in this study. Postoperative Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy was performed 20 min after IV of 185 MBq of Tc-99m pertechnetate Positive thyroid residual uptake was characterized as higher Tc-99m pertechnetate uptake at the thyroid bed than the surrounding background's activity. A negative residual was considered if there was no definite abnormal radioactivity at the thyroid bed. Follow-up by thyroglobulin, thyroglobulin antibodies (Tg Abs), neck ultrasound (US) and diagnostic I-131 WBS (Dx WBS) were considered the reference standard. Successful ablation outcome was considered if there was free Dx WBS, stimulated serum thyroglobulin < 1 ng/ml with negative Tg Abs, and free US. RESULT Two hundred and two patients, mean age; of 38.8 years were retrospectively recruited in this study. Positive residual uptake at the thyroid scan was detected in 131 patients wherea the remaining 71 patients had no detectable uptake. According to the reference standard we encountered 114 and 88 cases with successful ablation and unsuccessful ablation respectively, Tc-99m pertechnetate scanning successfully detected 63 true positive and 46 true negative cases giving 72% sensitivity, 40% specificity, 48% positive predictive value and 56% negative predictive value. CONCLUSION In low- and intermediate-risk DTC patients; despite the relatively high sensitivity of postoperative Tc-99m pertechnetate thyroid scan, it has low specificity and low negative predictive value so it cannot be used to predict the ablation outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Eloteify
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
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Okda TM, Atwa GMK, Eldehn AF, Dahran N, Alsharif KF, Elmahallawy EK. A Novel Role of Galectin-3 and Thyroglobulin in Prognosis and Differentiation of Different Stages of Thyroid Cancer and Elucidation of the Potential Contribution of Bcl-2, IL-8 and TNF-α. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020352. [PMID: 35203561 PMCID: PMC8962323 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is among the most prevalent cancers with different types and stages. New markers are required for the prognosis and diagnosis of the disease. The present study aimed to detect the role of new markers, including galectin-3 (Gal-3) and thyroglobulin (TG), in the prognosis and staging of thyroid cancer. The study also investigated the potential apoptotic and inflammatory mechanisms involved in thyroid cancer through the determination of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) during the different stages of the cancer using a series of molecular methods. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were also performed. A total of 300 subjects were classified into: 100 normal healthy subjects matched in age and sex, 100 patients with thyroid carcinoma stage I (T1N0M0) and 100 patients with thyroid carcinoma stage 2 (T2N1M1). Interestingly, the present study revealed a significant increase in the levels of TG and Gal-3 in thyroid cancer patients compared to the control group. Furthermore, the levels of Bcl-2, IL-8 and TNF-α significantly increased in the patient serum. The histopathological examination and immunohistochemical observations confirmed the molecular and hematological findings. Collectively, the present study concluded that serum TG and Gal-3 could be useful markers in the prognosis and staging of patients with thyroid cancer. Furthermore, the determination of Bax, Bcl-2, IL-8 and TNF-α levels constitute a major important marker for investigation of the mechanisms of apoptosis and inflammation in thyroid cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first study that used both galectin-3 and TG as tumor markers in the prognosis and differentiation between the different stages of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M. Okda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Gamal M. K. Atwa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42515, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Fathy Eldehn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kasr Al-Ainy Medical School, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt;
| | - Naief Dahran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khalaf F Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied medical sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Cao Z, Zhang Z, Liu R, Wu M, Li Z, Xu X, Liu Z. Serum Linkage-Specific Sialylation Changes Are Potential Biomarkers for Monitoring and Predicting the Recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Following Thyroidectomy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:858325. [PMID: 35574008 PMCID: PMC9098836 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.858325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) could remain indolent, the recurrence rates after thyroidectomy are approximately 20%. There are currently no accurate serum biomarkers that can monitor and predict recurrence of PTC after thyroidectomy. This study aimed to explore novel serum biomarkers that are relevant to the monitoring and prediction of recurrence in PTC using N-glycomics. METHODS A high-throughput quantitative strategy based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to obtain serum protein N-glycomes of well-differentiated PTC, postoperative surveillance (PS), postoperative recurrence (PR), and matched healthy controls (HC) including linkage-specific sialylation information. RESULTS Serum N-glycan traits were found to differ among PTC, PS, PR, and HC. The differentially expressed N-glycan traits consisting of sixteen directly detected glycan traits and seven derived glycan traits indicated the response to surgical resection therapy and the potential for monitoring the PTC. Two glycan traits representing the levels of linkage-specific sialylation (H4N3F1L1 and H4N6F1E1) which were down-regulated in PS and up-regulated in PR showed high potential as biomarkers for predicting the recurrence after thyroidectomy. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this study provides comprehensive evaluations of the serum N-glycomic changes in patients with PS or PR for the first time. Several candidate serum N-glycan biomarkers including the linkage-specific sialylation have been determined, some of which have potential in the prediction of recurrence in PTC, and others of which can help to explore and monitor the response to initial surgical resection therapy. The findings enhanced the comprehension of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zejian Zhang
- Department of Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengwei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zepeng Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiequn Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiequn Xu, ; Ziwen Liu,
| | - Ziwen Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiequn Xu, ; Ziwen Liu,
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