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Sakai NS, Bray TJP, Taylor SA. Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (qMRI) of the Small Bowel in Crohn's Disease: State-of-the-Art and Future Directions. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 38970359 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract in which repeated episodes of acute inflammation may lead to long-term bowel damage. Cross-sectional imaging is used in conjunction with endoscopy to diagnose and monitor disease and detect complications. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has demonstrable utility in evaluating inflammatory activity. However, subjective interpretation of conventional MR sequences is limited in its ability to fully phenotype the underlying histopathological processes in chronic disease. In particular, conventional MRI can be confounded by the presence of mural fibrosis and muscle hypertrophy, which can mask or sometimes mimic inflammation. Quantitative MRI (qMRI) methods provide a means to better differentiate mural inflammation from fibrosis and improve quantification of these processes. qMRI may also provide more objective measures of disease activity and enable better tailoring of treatment. Here, we review quantitative MRI methods for imaging the small bowel in CD and consider the path to their clinical translation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi S Sakai
- Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy J P Bray
- Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stuart A Taylor
- Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, UK
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2
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Ciccocioppo R, Guadalajara H, Astori G, Carlino G, García-Olmo D. Misconceptions, hurdles and recommendations regarding the use of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in perianal Crohn disease. Cytotherapy 2023; 25:230-234. [PMID: 36543715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachele Ciccocioppo
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Policlinico G.B. Rossi and University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Hector Guadalajara
- Division of Surgery and Cell Therapy Unit, Institute for Health Research, Jiménez Díaz Foundation University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Astori
- Laboratory of Advanced Cellular Therapies, Hematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Giorgio Carlino
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Policlinico G.B. Rossi and University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Damián García-Olmo
- Division of Surgery and Cell Therapy Unit, Institute for Health Research, Jiménez Díaz Foundation University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Shaban N, Hoad CL, Naim I, Alshammari M, Radford SJ, Clarke C, Marciani L, Moran G. Imaging in inflammatory bowel disease: current and future perspectives. Frontline Gastroenterol 2022; 13:e28-e34. [PMID: 35812031 PMCID: PMC9234729 DOI: 10.1136/flgastro-2022-102117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of cross-sectional imaging and ultrasonography has long complemented endoscopic assessment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Clinical symptoms alone are often not enough to assess disease activity, so a reliance on non-invasive techniques is essential. In this paper, we aim to examine the current use of radiological modalities in aiding the management of patients with IBD. We focus on the various sections of the gastrointestinal tract and how different modalities can aid in assessing current disease state and response to treatments. We also have a look at how newer sequences in cross-sectional imaging and ultrasonography can allow for better differentiation of disease activity (ie, fibrotic vs inflammatory) as well improve evaluation of small bowel, colonic and perianal disease. Furthermore, we examine how advanced image processing has the potential to allow radiology to be a surrogate for biomarkers. An example of this is explored when reviewing the ability of MR sequences to quantify visceral fat, which potentially plays a role in determining disease activity in Crohn's disease. Lastly, we look into the expected role for artificial intelligence to be used as an adjunct to radiology to better improve IBD evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Shaban
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Caroline L Hoad
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham University Park Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Iyad Naim
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham University Park Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Meshari Alshammari
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham University Park Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Shellie Jean Radford
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham University Park Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Christopher Clarke
- Department of Radiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Luca Marciani
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham University Park Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Gordon Moran
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham University Park Campus, Nottingham, UK
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