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Hazem A, Mărășescu FI, Țuculină MJ, Popescu AD, Popa DL, Mihai LL, Cumpătă CN, Iliescu A, Mărășescu P, Dascălu IT. Orthodontic System Modeled and Simulated with the Lingual Technique to Assess Tooth Forces. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1171. [PMID: 38893697 PMCID: PMC11172380 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14111171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) is an imaging investigation that provides three-dimensional (3D) images of craniofacial structures. The purpose of this study is to determine the mechanical behavior of an orthodontic system where the lingual treatment technique was used in a 25-year-old female patient from whom a set of CBCT scans was used. CBCT images were processed through software programs such as Invesalius, Geomagic, and Solid Works, to create models containing virtual solids. These models were then imported into Ansys Workbench 2019 R3 (a finite element method software program) for successive simulations to generate displacement maps, deformations, stress distributions, and diagrams. We observed that in the lingual technique, the lowest force occurring on the maxillary teeth is at 1.1, while the highest force appears at 2.3. In the mandible, the lowest force occurs at 4.6, and the highest force at 3.1. The values of the forces and the results of the finite element method can represent a basis for the innovation of new orthodontic springs and also of bracket elements. Thus, by using new technologies, orthodontic practice can be significantly improved for the benefit of patients. Other virtual methods and techniques can be used in future studies, including the application of virtual reality for orthodontic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Hazem
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.H.); (F.I.M.); (I.T.D.)
| | - Felicia Ileana Mărășescu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.H.); (F.I.M.); (I.T.D.)
| | - Mihaela Jana Țuculină
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.J.Ț.); (A.D.P.)
| | - Alexandru Dan Popescu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.J.Ț.); (A.D.P.)
| | - Dragoș Laurențiu Popa
- Department of Automotive, Transportation and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200478 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Lelia Laurența Mihai
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University Titu Maiorescu of Bucharest, 031593 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cristian Niky Cumpătă
- Department of Oromaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University Titu Maiorescu of Bucharest, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Iliescu
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Petre Mărășescu
- Department of Dental Prothesis Tehnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ionela Teodora Dascălu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.H.); (F.I.M.); (I.T.D.)
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Petrescu SMS, Pisc RM, Ioana T, Mărășescu FI, Manolea HO, Popescu MR, Dragomir LP, Dragomir LC, Florea Ș, Bărăscu-Petrescu RA, Ionescu M, Rauten AM. Prevalence of Malocclusions among Schoolchildren from Southwestern Romania. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:705. [PMID: 38611618 PMCID: PMC11011840 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Malocclusions have a continuously increasing prevalence from one generation to another as a result of climate change, soil, atmosphere, and water pollution. All of these aspects have unfavorable consequences for the nutritional scheme. Thus, nutrition, together with other etiopathogenic factors, contributes to complex alterations in the somatic development of the entire organism and, implicitly, of the cephalic extremity. The study group included 4147 children from randomly selected schools from Vâlcea County, Romania. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of malocclusions in schoolchildren in Vâlcea County, Romania, according to the three main classes of malocclusions (according to Angle's classification), age groups (from 6 to 10 years old and from 11 to 14 years old), gender (male and female), and place of origin (rural and urban). For Angle class I malocclusions, we recorded the highest prevalence (48.78% of the total number of schoolchildren with malocclusions), followed by Angle class II malocclusions (45.85% of the total number of schoolchildren with malocclusions), and for Angle class III malocclusions we found the lowest prevalence (5.37% of the total number of schoolchildren with malocclusions). According to gender, we found the highest prevalence in the female gender (29.90% of the total number of female subjects), while in the male gender, we recorded a prevalence of 27.70% of the total number of male subjects. Regarding the place of origin, there is a higher prevalence of malocclusions in urban areas (29.16%). The study subgroup included 140 children randomly selected from the total number of subjects in the study group. They were included in a more advanced study. The aim is to find potential associations between the presence of malocclusions and various oral variables. Categorical variables were expressed as numerical values and percentages, and their association was evaluated with either the Chi-square test of association or homogeneity, or the Fisher Exact test. The acquired data were incorporated into a binomial logistic regression model to assess the likelihood of developing malocclusions in relation to the following variables: defective phonation, bruxism, frequency of teeth brushing, onychophagia, oral respiration, infantile deglutition, placing objects between the maxillaries, thumb sucking, and salivary aspects. It is also aimed at comparing the results obtained with similar ones from the specialized literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stelian-Mihai-Sever Petrescu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (S.-M.-S.P.); (R.M.P.); (T.I.); (F.I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
| | - Radu Mircea Pisc
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (S.-M.-S.P.); (R.M.P.); (T.I.); (F.I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
| | - Tamara Ioana
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (S.-M.-S.P.); (R.M.P.); (T.I.); (F.I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
| | - Felicia Ileana Mărășescu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (S.-M.-S.P.); (R.M.P.); (T.I.); (F.I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
| | - Horia Octavian Manolea
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Mihai Raul Popescu
- Department of Occlusology and Fixed Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.R.P.); (L.P.D.); (L.C.D.); (Ș.F.)
| | - Lucian Paul Dragomir
- Department of Occlusology and Fixed Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.R.P.); (L.P.D.); (L.C.D.); (Ș.F.)
| | - Lucian Constantin Dragomir
- Department of Occlusology and Fixed Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.R.P.); (L.P.D.); (L.C.D.); (Ș.F.)
| | - Ștefan Florea
- Department of Occlusology and Fixed Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.R.P.); (L.P.D.); (L.C.D.); (Ș.F.)
| | - Roxana Adina Bărăscu-Petrescu
- Department of Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Mihaela Ionescu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Anne-Marie Rauten
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (S.-M.-S.P.); (R.M.P.); (T.I.); (F.I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
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Katta M, Petrescu SMS, Dragomir LP, Popescu MR, Georgescu RV, Țuculină MJ, Popa DL, Duță A, Diaconu OA, Dascălu IT. Using the Finite Element Method to Determine the Odonto-Periodontal Stress for a Patient with Angle Class II Division 1 Malocclusion. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13091567. [PMID: 37174958 PMCID: PMC10177595 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13091567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The finite element method (FEM) is a computational method that can solve all biomechanical problems, including the field of orthodontics. The purpose of this virtual experimental study is to determine the behavior of a real orthodontic system subjected to different systems of loads. To analyze the real orthodontic system, we studied the case of a 21-year-old female patient. We used the InVesalius program, which can transform a set of DICOM-type images taken from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) into three-dimensional structures. These structures were edited, modified, completed, and analyzed from a geometric point of view with the help of the Geomagic software. The final result of these operations must be a three-dimensional model made up of perfectly closed surfaces so that they can be transformed into virtual solids. The model consisting of perfectly closed surfaces is loaded into computer-aided design (CAD) programs. Bracket and tube components, as well as orthodontic wires, can be added to these models, similar to the analyzed patient's tissues. When the model is complete and geometrically correct, it is exported to a program that uses FEM, such as Ansys Workbench. The simulation was performed for the forces of 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1 N. The intention was to determine the behavior of the entire orthodontic system for these force values. After running the simulations, result maps were obtained that were composed of displacement, strain, and stress diagrams. It was also found that, in addition to the known rigidity, the orthodontic system has some elasticity due to the orthodontic wires, as well as the periodontal ligaments. Thus, a virtual analysis study can be carried out starting from a real patient with pre-treatment CBCT images and the virtual models of the bracket and tube elements and of the orthodontic wires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Katta
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Stelian-Mihai-Sever Petrescu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Lucian Paul Dragomir
- Department of Occlusology and Fixed Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Mihai Raul Popescu
- Department of Occlusology and Fixed Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Voinea Georgescu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Titu Maiorescu" University of Bucharest, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Jana Țuculină
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dragoș Laurențiu Popa
- Department of Automotive, Transportation and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200478 Craiova, Romania
| | - Alina Duță
- Department of Automotive, Transportation and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200478 Craiova, Romania
| | - Oana Andreea Diaconu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ionela Teodora Dascălu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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Yang PZ, Bai LY, Zhang HX, Zhao WJ, Liu Y, Wen XJ, Liu R. Efficacy of a four-curvature auxiliary arch at preventing maxillary central incisor linguoclination during orthodontic treatment: a finite element analysis. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:144. [PMID: 36906550 PMCID: PMC10007732 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Correct torque of the incisors is beneficial in the assessment of the effects of orthodontic treatment. However, evaluating this process effectively remains a challenge. Improper anterior teeth torque angle can cause bone fenestrations and exposure of the root surface. METHODS A three-dimensional finite element model of the maxillary incisor torque controlled by a homemade four-curvature auxiliary arch was established. The four-curvature auxiliary arch placed on the maxillary incisors was divided into four different state groups, among which 2 groups had tooth extraction space retracted traction force set to 1.15 N. Initial displacements and pressure stresses of the periodontal tissue in the maxillary incisors and molars were calculated after torque forces (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 N) were applied to the teeth at different stable states. RESULTS The effect of using the four-curvature auxiliary arch on the incisors was significant but did not affect the position of the molars. Given the absence of tooth extraction space, when the four-curvature auxiliary arch was used in conjunction with absolute anchorage, the recommended force value was < 1.5 N. In the other 3 groups (i.e., molar ligation, molar retraction, and microimplant retraction groups), the recommended force value was < 1 N. The application of a four-curvature auxiliary arch did not influence the molar periodontal and displacement. CONCLUSION A four-curvature auxiliary arch may treat severely upright anterior teeth and correct cortical fenestrations of the bone and root surface exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Zhu Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Li-Yun Bai
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - He-Xuan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wen-Jun Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Wound Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yu Liu
- ChuangNeng Technology (ChongQing) Co. LTD, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiu-Jie Wen
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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Filonenko VV, Kaniura OА, Kopchak AV, Kryshchuk MG. STUDY OF THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF THE MAXILLA DURING ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT OF DENTOGNATHIC DEFORMATIONS IN CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL CLEFT LIP AND PALATE. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2023; 76:2648-2656. [PMID: 38290029 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202312114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To create a three-dimensional simulation mechanical-mathematical model of the biomechanical system "Orthodontic appliance-maxilla", to study peculiarities of the stress-strained state of the maxilla. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: A simulation model of the biomechanical system "Orthodontic appliance-maxilla" was created using computed tomography (CBCT) data. Mathematical modeling was used to determine the stress-strain state of the simulation model. RESULTS Results: The patterns of changes in the stress state were determined and the values of deformation displacements in the structural elements of the biome-chanical system "Orthodontic appliance-maxilla" were determined under a force stress of the orthodontic device with an amplitude of 50 N. CONCLUSION Conclusions: Simulation computer modeling of the stress-strain state of the "Orthodontic appliance-maxilla" system showed that activation of the kinematic mechanism of the appliance with a force of 50 N causes the emergence of a complex stress-strain state of bones. When the orthodontic appliance is activated, there is an asymmetry in the distribution of stresses by Mises between the right and left sides both for the appliance itself and for the maxillary bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mykola G Kryshchuk
- NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF UKRAINE «IGOR SIKORSKY KYIV POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE», KYIV, UKRAINE
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Duta A, Popa DL, Vintila DD, Buciu G, Dina NA, Ionescu A, Berceanu MC, Calin DC. An Experimental and Virtual Approach to Hip Revision Prostheses. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12081952. [PMID: 36010302 PMCID: PMC9406961 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12081952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Introduction: The changes in the joint morphology inevitably lead to prosthesis, but the hip pathology is complex. The hip arthroplasty is a therapeutic solution and can be caused, most frequently, by primary and secondary coxarthrosis due to or followed by traumatic conditions. The main aim of this study was to find the method of revision hip prosthesis that preserves as much bone material as possible and has sufficiently good mechanical strength. (2) Materials and Methods: In this study, in a first step, the two revision prostheses were performed on bone components taken from an animal (cow), and then, they were tested on a mechanical testing machine until the prostheses physically failed, and the force causing their failure was determined. (3) Results: These prostheses were then modelled in a virtual environment and tested using the finite element method (FEM) in order to determine their behaviour under loading from normal human gait. Displacement, strain, and stress maps were obtained. (4) Discussion: Discussions on hip revision prostheses, method, and theory analysis are presented at the end of the paper. (5) Conclusions: Important conclusions are drawn based on comparative analyses. The main conclusion shows that the both orthopaedic prostheses provide a very good resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Duta
- Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200512 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dragos-Laurentiu Popa
- Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200512 Craiova, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.-L.P.); (G.B.)
| | | | - Gabriel Buciu
- Faculty of Nursing, Titu Maiorescu University, 210102 Targu Jiu, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.-L.P.); (G.B.)
| | | | - Adriana Ionescu
- Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200512 Craiova, Romania
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