Neurophysiology of Brain Networks Underlies Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease: A Basis for Diagnosis and Management

Disinhibition Is an Essential Network Motif Coordinated by GABA Levels and GABA B Receptors

Network dynamics are crucial for action and sensation. Changes in synaptic physiology lead to the reorganization of local microcircuits. Consequently, the functional state of the network impacts the output signal depending on the firing patterns of its units. Networks exhibit steady states in which neurons show various activities, producing many networks with diverse properties. Transitions between network states determine the output signal generated and its functional results. The temporal dynamics of excitation/inhibition allow a shift between states in an operational network. Therefore, a process capable of modulating the dynamics of excitation/inhibition may be functionally important. This process is known as disinhibition. In this review, we describe the effect of GABA levels and GABAB receptors on tonic inhibition, which causes changes (due to disinhibition) in network dynamics, leading to synchronous functional oscillations.