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Yin W, Fu X, Chang W, Han L, Meng J, Cao A, Ren X, Fan Z, Zhou S. Antiovarian cancer mechanism of esculetin: inducing G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis via JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023; 75:87-97. [PMID: 36332079 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Esculetin is a coumarin derivative, which is extracted from the dried barks of fraxinus chinensis Roxb. Although it is reported esculetin possesses multiple pharmacological activities, its associated regulatory mechanism on ovarian cancer isn't well investigated. METHODS Cytotoxicity is evaluated by MTT, clonogenic and living/dead cells staining assays. Migration and invasion effects are investigated by wound healing, and transwell assays. The effect of cell cycle and apoptosis are analyzed by flow cytometry and western blotting. Mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) is assessed by fluorescence microscope. Analysis of animal experiments are carried out by various pathological section assays. KEY FINDINGS Esculetin exerts an anti- ovarian cancer effect. It is found that apoptosis induction is promoted by the accumulation of excessive ROS and inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. In addition, exposure to esculetin leads to the cell viability reduction, migration and invasion capability decrease and G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest induced by down-regulating downstream targets of STAT3. In vivo experimental results also indicate esculetin can inhibit tumour growth of mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides some strong evidences to support esculetin as a potential anti-cancer agent in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Chang
- Lanzhou University Second Clinical Medical College/Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Han
- Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Meng
- Department of biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Aijia Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Ren
- Lanzhou University Second Clinical Medical College/Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhongxiong Fan
- Department of biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Institute of Materia Medica, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Suqin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Russell MR, Graham C, D'Amato A, Gentry-Maharaj A, Ryan A, Kalsi JK, Whetton AD, Menon U, Jacobs I, Graham RLJ. Diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer using a combined protein biomarker panel. Br J Cancer 2019; 121:483-489. [PMID: 31388184 PMCID: PMC6738042 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An early detection tool for EOC was constructed from analysis of biomarker expression data from serum collected during the UKCTOCS. METHODS This study included 49 EOC cases (19 Type I and 30 Type II) and 31 controls, representing 482 serial samples spanning seven years pre-diagnosis. A logit model was trained by analysis of dysregulation of expression data of four putative biomarkers, (CA125, phosphatidylcholine-sterol acyltransferase, vitamin K-dependent protein Z and C-reactive protein); by scoring the specificity associated with dysregulation from the baseline expression for each individual. RESULTS The model is discriminatory, passes k-fold and leave-one-out cross-validations and was further validated in a Type I EOC set. Samples were analysed as a simulated annual screening programme, the algorithm diagnosed cases with >30% PPV 1-2 years pre-diagnosis. For Type II cases (~80% were HGS) the algorithm classified 64% at 1 year and 28% at 2 years tDx as severe. CONCLUSIONS The panel has the potential to diagnose EOC one-two years earlier than current diagnosis. This analysis provides a tangible worked example demonstrating the potential for development as a screening tool and scrutiny of its properties. Limits on interpretation imposed by the number of samples available are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Russell
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre and Manchester Molecular Pathology Innovation Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ciaren Graham
- School of Biological Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, UK
| | - Alfonsina D'Amato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Lombardy, Italy
| | - Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andy Ryan
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jatinderpal K Kalsi
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anthony D Whetton
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre and Manchester Molecular Pathology Innovation Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Usha Menon
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ian Jacobs
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre and Manchester Molecular Pathology Innovation Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
- University of New South Wales, UNSW Australia, Level 1, Chancellery Building, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Robert L J Graham
- School of Biological Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, UK.
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Koshiyama M. The Effects of the Dietary and Nutrient Intake on Gynecologic Cancers. Healthcare (Basel) 2019; 7:healthcare7030088. [PMID: 31284691 PMCID: PMC6787610 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare7030088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of diet to cancer risk has been considered to be higher in advanced countries than in developing countries. In this paper, I review the current issues (a review of the relevant literature), and the effects of the dietary and nutrient intake on three types of gynecologic cancer (cervical, endometrial and ovarian cancers). In cervical cancer, the most important roles of diet/nutrition in relation to cancer are prophylaxis and countermeasures against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The main preventive and reductive factors of cervical cancer are antioxidants, such as vitamin A, C, D and E, carotenoids, vegetables and fruits. These antioxidants may have different abilities to intervene in the natural history of diseases associated with HPV infection. For endometrial cancer, the increase in peripheral estrogens as a result of the aromatization of androgens to estrogens in adipose tissue in obese women and insulin resistance are risk factors. Thus, we must mainly take care to avoid the continuous intake of fat energy and sugar. In ovarian cancer, the etiology has not been fully understood. To the best of our knowledge, the long-term consumption of pro-inflammatory foods, including saturated fat, carbohydrates and animal proteins is a risk factor. The intake of acrylamide is also a risk factor for both endometrial and ovarian cancer. Most papers have been epidemiological studies. Thus, further research using in vitro and in vivo approaches is needed to clarify the effects of the dietary and nutrient intake in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Koshiyama
- Department of Women's Health, Graduate School of Human Nursing, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Shiga 522-8533, Japan.
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Zhang H, Jiao Y, Shi C, Song X, Chang Y, Ren Y, Shi X. Berbamine suppresses cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in ovarian cancer partially via the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:532-539. [PMID: 29701777 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a common and lethal cancer affecting women globally. Berbamine is a natural compound from the plant Berberis amurensis, which is used in Chinese traditional medicine. Recent studies have shown the anti-tumor effects of berbamine in several types of cancers but not in ovarian cancer. In the present study, we investigated the potential anti-tumor effects of berbamine in ovarian cancer and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. Berbamine suppressed the cell viability of ovarian cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner as revealed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Berbamine also suppressed the cell growth and invasion of ovarian cancer cells as measured by colony formation and cell invasion assays, respectively. Flow cytometry experiments showed that berbamine increased cell apoptotic rate and induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase in ovarian cancer cells. Western blot analysis showed that berbamine increased the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, Bax, and decreased the protein level of Bcl-2 in ovarian cancer cells. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis demonstrated that berbamine treatment inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in ovarian cancer cells. The inhibitory effects of berbamine on cell viability and invasion of ovarian cancer cells can be partially reversed by lithium chloride (LiCl) treatment. Growth of tumors developed from SKOV3 cells was significantly suppressed in berbamine-treated group, and berbamine treatment enhanced caspase-3 and -9 cleavage and reduced β-catenin protein level in tumor tissues. In summary, berbamine exerts its anti-cancer effects in vitro and in vivo via induction of apoptosis, partially associated with the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Northwest Women and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Yunping Jiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi No.2 People's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Chunyang Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xiao Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The Northwest Women and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Northwest Women and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Yong Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaolin Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The Northwest Women and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710065, China
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Ovarian Cancer Screening: Lessons about Effectiveness. Diagnostics (Basel) 2017; 8:diagnostics8010001. [PMID: 29286290 PMCID: PMC5871984 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics8010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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