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Amaral SS, Lima BSDS, Avelino SOM, Spirandeli BR, Campos TMB, Thim GP, Trichês EDS, Prado RFD, Vasconcellos LMRD. β-TCP/S53P4 Scaffolds Obtained by Gel Casting: Synthesis, Properties, and Biomedical Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050597. [PMID: 37237667 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the osteogenic and antimicrobial effect of bioactive glass S53P4 incorporated into β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds in vitro and the bone neoformation in vivo. β-TCP and β-TCP/S53P4 scaffolds were prepared by the gel casting method. Samples were morphologically and physically characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). In vitro tests were performed using MG63 cells. American Type Culture Collection reference strains were used to determine the scaffold's antimicrobial potential. Defects were created in the tibia of New Zealand rabbits and filled with experimental scaffolds. The incorporation of S53P4 bioglass promotes significant changes in the crystalline phases formed and in the morphology of the surface of the scaffolds. The β-TCP/S53P4 scaffolds did not demonstrate an in vitro cytotoxic effect, presented similar alkaline phosphatase activity, and induced a significantly higher protein amount when compared to β-TCP. The expression of Itg β1 in the β-TCP scaffold was higher than in the β-TCP/S53P4, and there was higher expression of Col-1 in the β-TCP/S53P4 group. Higher bone formation and antimicrobial activity were observed in the β-TCP/S53P4 group. The results confirm the osteogenic capacity of β-TCP ceramics and suggest that, after bioactive glass S53P4 incorporation, it can prevent microbial infections, demonstrating to be an excellent biomaterial for application in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suelen Simões Amaral
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 777 Eng. Francisco José Longo Avenue, São José dos Campos 12245-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Samara de Sousa Lima
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 777 Eng. Francisco José Longo Avenue, São José dos Campos 12245-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Sarah Oliveira Marco Avelino
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 777 Eng. Francisco José Longo Avenue, São José dos Campos 12245-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Roberto Spirandeli
- Bioceramics Laboratory, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), 330 Talim St, São José dos Campos 12231-280, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos
- Division of Fundamental Sciences, Technological Institute of Aeronautics (ITA), 50 Mal. Eduardo Gomes Plaza, São José dos Campos 12228-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilmar Patrocínio Thim
- Division of Fundamental Sciences, Technological Institute of Aeronautics (ITA), 50 Mal. Eduardo Gomes Plaza, São José dos Campos 12228-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliandra de Sousa Trichês
- Bioceramics Laboratory, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), 330 Talim St, São José dos Campos 12231-280, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Falchete do Prado
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 777 Eng. Francisco José Longo Avenue, São José dos Campos 12245-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 777 Eng. Francisco José Longo Avenue, São José dos Campos 12245-000, SP, Brazil
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Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Katagiri H, Lang NP, Imber JC, Schaller B, Saulacic N. Addition of Synthetic Biomaterials to Deproteinized Bovine Bone Mineral (DBBM) for Bone Augmentation-A Preclinical In Vivo Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10516. [PMID: 36142427 PMCID: PMC9505841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Aim: To investigate the effect of synthetic bone substitutes, α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) or bi-layered biphasic calcium-phosphate (BBCP) combined with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM), on bone formation. (2) Methods: Thirty critical size defects were randomly treated with the following five different treatment modalities: (1) negative control (NC, empty), (2) DBBM, (3) α-TCP + DBBM (1:1), (4) BBCP 3%HA/97%α-TCP + DBBM (1:1), and (5) BBCP 6%HA/94%α-TCP + DBBM (1:1). The samples, at four weeks post-surgery, were investigated by micro-CT and histological analysis. (3) Results: A similar level of new bone formation was demonstrated in the DBBM with α-TCP bone substitute groups when compared to the negative control by histomorphometry. DBBM alone showed significantly lower new bone area than the negative control (p = 0.0252). In contrast to DBBM, the micro-CT analysis revealed resorption of the α-TCP + DBBM, BBCP 3%HA/97%α-TCP + DBBM and BBCP 6%HA/94%α-TCP + DBBM, as evidenced by a decrease of material density (p = 0.0083, p = 0.0050 and p = 0.0191, respectively), without changing their volume. (4) Conclusions: New bone formation was evident in all defects augmented with biomaterials, proving the osteoconductive properties of the tested material combinations. There was little impact of the HA coating degree on α-TCP in bone augmentation potential and material resorption for four weeks when mixed with DBBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan
| | - Hiroki Katagiri
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Advanced Research Center, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamauracho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8580, Japan
| | - Niklaus P. Lang
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Claude Imber
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Schaller
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nikola Saulacic
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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Wang X, Honda Y, Zhao J, Morikuni H, Nishiura A, Hashimoto Y, Matsumoto N. Enhancement of Bone-Forming Ability on Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate by Modulating Cellular Senescence Mechanisms Using Senolytics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212415. [PMID: 34830292 PMCID: PMC8624901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Various stresses latently induce cellular senescence that occasionally deteriorates the functioning of surrounding tissues. Nevertheless, little is known about the appearance and function of senescent cells, caused by the implantation of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)—used widely in dentistry and orthopedics for treating bone diseases. In this study, two varying sizes of β-TCP granules (<300 μm and 300–500 μm) were implanted, and using histological and immunofluorescent staining, appearances of senescent-like cells in critical-sized bone defects in the calvaria of Sprague Dawley rats were evaluated. Parallelly, bone formation in defects was investigated with or without the oral administration of senolytics (a cocktail of dasatinib and quercetin). A week after the implantation, the number of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase, p21-, p19-, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells increased and then decreased upon administrating senolytics. This administration of senolytics also attenuated 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal staining, representing reactive oxygen species. Combining senolytic administration with β-TCP implantation significantly enhanced the bone formation in defects as revealed by micro-computed tomography analysis and hematoxylin-eosin staining. This study demonstrates that β-TCP granules latently induce senescent-like cells, and senolytic administration may improve the bone-forming ability of β-TCP by inhibiting senescence-associated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchen Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan; (X.W.); (J.Z.); (H.M.); (A.N.); (N.M.)
| | - Yoshitomo Honda
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-72-864-3130
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan; (X.W.); (J.Z.); (H.M.); (A.N.); (N.M.)
| | - Hidetoshi Morikuni
- Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan; (X.W.); (J.Z.); (H.M.); (A.N.); (N.M.)
| | - Aki Nishiura
- Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan; (X.W.); (J.Z.); (H.M.); (A.N.); (N.M.)
| | - Yoshiya Hashimoto
- Department of Biomaterials, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Naoyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan; (X.W.); (J.Z.); (H.M.); (A.N.); (N.M.)
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Liang Y, Zhou R, Liu X, Liu Z, You L, Chen C, Ye X. Investigation into the effects of leukemia inhibitory factor on the bone repair capacity of BMSCs-loaded BCP scaffolds in the mouse calvarial bone defect model. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2021; 53:381-391. [PMID: 34110599 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-021-09899-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is known to play a major role in bone physiology. In the present study, we examined the in vitro effects of LIF on osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) and explored in vivo effects of LIF on the bone repair capacity of BMSCs-loaded biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds in mouse calvarial bone defect model. The mRNA and protein expression levels in the BMSCs were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot, respectively; the in vitro osteoblast differentiation of the BMSCs was evaluated by using Alizarin Red S staining. The bone volume and bone density in the repaired calvarial bone defect were determined by Micro-CT. Bone regeneration was also histologically evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson's trichrome staining. Hypoxia treatment induced the up-regulation of Lif mRNA and LIF protein in the BMSCs. Lif overexpression up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of osteopontin and Runt-related transcription factor 2, and increased intensity of Alizarin Red S staining in the BMSCs; while Lif silence exerted the opposite effects. The in vivo studies showed that implantation of Lif-overexpressing BMSCs-loaded BCP scaffolds significantly increased the bone volume and bone density at 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation, and promoted the regeneration of bone tissues in the mouse calvarial bone defect at 8 weeks after transplantation when compared to the BMSCs-loaded BCP scaffolds group; while Lif-silencing BMSCs-loaded BCP scaffolds had the opposite effects. The present study for the first time demonstrated that LIF promoted the in vitro osteoblast differentiation of hypoxia-treated BMSCs; and further studies revealed that LIF exerted enhanced effects on the bone repair capacity of BMSCs-load BCP scaffolds in mouse calvarial bone defect model. However, future studies are warranted to determine the detailed mechanisms of LIF in the large-scale bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youde Liang
- Department of Stomatology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China. .,Department of Stomatology, Southern University of Science and Technology Yantian Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Ruiping Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Southern University of Science and Technology Yantian Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Southern University of Science and Technology Yantian Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhikang Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Southern University of Science and Technology Yantian Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin You
- Department of Stomatology, Southern University of Science and Technology Yantian Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Southern University of Science and Technology Yantian Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoling Ye
- Department of Stomatology, Southern University of Science and Technology Yantian Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Vaquette C, Mitchell J, Fernandez-Medina T, Kumar S, Ivanovski S. Resorbable additively manufactured scaffold imparts dimensional stability to extraskeletally regenerated bone. Biomaterials 2021; 269:120671. [PMID: 33493771 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dimensionally stable vertical bone regeneration outside of the existing bony envelope is a major challenge in the field of orofacial surgery. In this study, we demonstrate that a highly porous, resorbable scaffold fabricated using additive manufacturing techniques enables reproducible extra-skeletal bone formation and prevents bone resorption. An additively manufactured medical grade polycaprolactone (mPCL) biphasic scaffold mimicking the architecture of the jaw bone, consisting of a 3D-printed outer shell overlying an inner highly porous melt electrowritten scaffold, was assessed for its ability to support dimensionally stable bone regeneration in an extraskeletal ovine calvarial model. To investigate bone formation capacity (stage 1), 7 different constructs placed under a protective dome were assessed 8 weeks post-implantation: Empty control, Biphasic scaffold with hydrogel (PCL-Gel), PCL-Gel with 75 or 150 μg of BMP-2 (PCL-BMP-75 and PCL-BMP-150), hydrogel only (Gel), Gel containing 75 or 150 μg of BMP-2 (Gel-BMP-75 and Gel-BMP-150). To assess dimensional stability (stage 2), in a separate cohort, 5 animals were similarly implanted with 2 samples of each of the Gel-BMP-150 and PCL-BMP-150 groups, and after 8 weeks of healing, the protective domes were removed and titanium implants were placed in the regenerated bone and allowed to heal for a further 8 weeks. Bone formation and osseointegration were assessed using micro-computed tomography, histology and histomorphometry. In stage 1, enhanced bone formation was found in the BMP-2 containing groups, especially the PCL-BMP constructs whereby regeneration of full bone height was achieved in a reproducible manner. There was no significant bone volume increase with the higher dose of BMP-2. In the dimensional stability assessment (stage 2), after the rtemoval of the protective dome, the biphasic scaffold prevented bone resorption whereas in the absence of the scaffold, the bone previously formed in the hydrogel underwent extensive resorption. This was attributed to the space maintenance properties and dimensional stability of the biphasic scaffold. Titanium implants osseointegrated into the newly formed bone within the biphasic scaffolds. In conclusion, additively manufactured biphasic scaffolds functionalized with BMP-2 facilitated dimensionally stable bone regeneration that supported dental implant osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vaquette
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
| | - J Mitchell
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
| | - T Fernandez-Medina
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
| | - S Kumar
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
| | - S Ivanovski
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
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