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Li X, Su B, Yang L, Kou Z, Wu H, Zhang T, Liu L, Han Y, Niu M, Sun Y, Li H, Jiang T. Highly sensitive and rapid point-of-care testing for HIV-1 infection based on CRISPR-Cas13a system. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:627. [PMID: 37749486 PMCID: PMC10518925 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08492-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1) is the leading cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIDS remains a global public health concern but can be effectively suppressed by life-long administration of combination antiretroviral therapy. Early detection and diagnosis are two key strategies for the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS. Rapid and accurate point-of-care testing (POCT) provides critical tools for managing HIV-1 epidemic in high-risk areas and populations. METHODS In this study, a POCT for HIV-1 RNA was developed by CRISPR-Cas13a lateral flow strip combined with reverse transcriptase recombinase-aided amplification (RT-RAA) technology, the results can be directly observed by naked eyes. RESULTS Moreover, with the degenerate base-binding CRISPR-Cas13a system was introduced into the RT-RAA primer designing, the technology developed in this study can be used to test majority of HIV-1 RNA with limit of detection (LOD) 1 copy/μL, while no obvious cross-reaction with other pathogens. We evaluated this method for detecting HIV-1 RNA of clinical samples, the results showed that the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy were 91.81% (85.03- 96.19%), 100% (92.60-100%), 100% (96.41-100%), 39.14% (25.59-54.60%) and 92.22% (86.89-95.88%), respectively. The lowest viral load detectable by this method was 112copies/mL. CONCLUSION Above all, this method provides a point-of-care detection of HIV-1 RNA, which is stable, simple and with good sensitivity and specificity. This method has potential to be developed for promoting early diagnosis and treatment effect monitoring of HIV patients in clinical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosafety, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Bin Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosafety, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Zhihua Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosafety, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lifeng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosafety, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Mengwei Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosafety, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yansong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosafety, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosafety, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Taiyi Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Fundisi E, Dlamini S, Mokhele T, Weir-Smith G, Motolwana E. Exploring Determinants of HIV/AIDS Self-Testing Uptake in South Africa Using Generalised Linear Poisson and Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11060881. [PMID: 36981538 PMCID: PMC10048028 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased HIV/AIDS testing is of paramount importance in controlling the HIV/AIDS pandemic and subsequently saving lives. Despite progress in HIV/AIDS testing programmes, most people are still reluctant to test and thus are still unaware of their status. Understanding the factors associated with uptake levels of HIV/AIDS self-testing requires knowledge of people's perceptions and attitudes, thus informing evidence-based decision making. Using the South African National HIV Prevalence, HIV Incidence, Behaviour and Communication Survey of 2017 (SABSSM V), this study assessed the efficacy of Generalised Linear Poisson Regression (GLPR) and Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression (GWPR) in modelling the spatial dependence and non-stationary relationships of HIV/AIDS self-testing uptake and covariates. The models were calibrated at the district level across South Africa. Results showed a slightly better performance of GWPR (pseudo R2 = 0.91 and AICc = 390) compared to GLPR (pseudo R2 = 0.88 and AICc = 2552). Estimates of local intercepts derived from GWPR exhibited differences in HIV/AIDS self-testing uptake. Overall, the output of this study displays interesting findings on the levels of spatial heterogeneity of factors associated with HIV/AIDS self-testing uptake across South Africa, which calls for district-specific policies to increase awareness of the need for HIV/AIDS self-testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Fundisi
- Geospatial Analytics Unit, eResearch Knowledge Centre, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Simangele Dlamini
- Geospatial Analytics Unit, eResearch Knowledge Centre, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Tholang Mokhele
- Geospatial Analytics Unit, eResearch Knowledge Centre, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Gina Weir-Smith
- Geospatial Analytics Unit, eResearch Knowledge Centre, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
- Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, Wits University, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Enathi Motolwana
- Geospatial Analytics Unit, eResearch Knowledge Centre, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
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Yuan L, Tian S, Zhao Z, Liu P, Liu L, Sun J. Mean generation function model in AIDS epidemic estimation. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2022; 22:104. [PMID: 35429984 PMCID: PMC9013215 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-022-01825-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since the first case of HIV infection was reported in China in 1985, the incidence and mortality of AIDS have been increasing rapidly, which has caused serious damage to the life and health of people in China and all over the world. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the technique for predicting AIDS morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this research is to explore the applicability of the mean generation function model (MGFM) in the early warning of AIDS morbidity and mortality, to predict its prevalence trend, to enrich the prediction techniques and methods of AIDS research and to provide suggestions for AIDS transmission control. Methods In this research, the MGFM was applied to predict the incidence and mortality of AIDS in China. AIDS incidence and mortality data in China from 2008 to 2019 were used to construct the prediction model. Results The MGFM can predict the annual incidence and mortality of AIDS. The model constructed in this research predicted that the incidence and mortality of AIDS in China will continue to increase from 2020 to 2023. Conclusion The mean birth function model was an effective method to monitor and predict the changing trend of AIDS incidence and mortality in China. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12911-022-01825-6.
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Hughes G. Applications of Information Theory to Epidemiology. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 22:E1392. [PMID: 33317094 PMCID: PMC7764615 DOI: 10.3390/e22121392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This Special Issue of Entropy represents the first wide-ranging overview of epidemiological applications since the 2012 publication of Applications of Information Theory to Epidemiology [...]
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Hughes
- SRUC, Scotland's Rural College, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
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