Kocharovsky VV, Kocharovsky VV, Shannon WD, Tarasov SV. Towards the Simplest Model of Quantum Supremacy: Atomic Boson Sampling in a Box Trap.
ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023;
25:1584. [PMID:
38136464 PMCID:
PMC10743315 DOI:
10.3390/e25121584]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
We describe boson sampling of interacting atoms from the noncondensed fraction of Bose-Einstein-condensed (BEC) gas confined in a box trap as a new platform for studying computational ♯P-hardness and quantum supremacy of many-body systems. We calculate the characteristic function and statistics of atom numbers via the newly found Hafnian master theorem. Using Bloch-Messiah reduction, we find that interatomic interactions give rise to two equally important entities-eigen-squeeze modes and eigen-energy quasiparticles-whose interplay with sampling atom states determines the behavior of the BEC gas. We infer that two necessary ingredients of ♯P-hardness, squeezing and interference, are self-generated in the gas and, contrary to Gaussian boson sampling in linear interferometers, external sources of squeezed bosons are not required.
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