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Abstract
Electric mobility has become increasingly prominent, not only because of the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions but also because of the proven implementations in the electric and transport sector. This paper, considering the smart grid perspective, focuses on the financial and economic benefits related to Electric Vehicle (EV) management in Vehicle-to-Building (V2B), Vehicle-to-Home (V2H), and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technologies. Vehicle-to-Everything is also approached. The owners of EVs, through these technologies, can obtain revenue from their participation in the various ancillary and other services. Similarly, providing these services makes it possible to increase the electric grid’s service quality, reliability, and sustainability. This paper also highlights the different technologies mentioned above, giving an explanation and some examples of their application. Likewise, it is presented the most common ancillary services verified today, such as frequency and voltage regulation, valley filling, peak shaving, and renewable energy supporting and balancing. Furthermore, it is highlighted the different opportunities that EVs can bring to energy management in smart grids. Finally, the SWOT analysis is highlighted for V2G technology.
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Abstract
Due to their flexibility, Electric Vehicles (EVs) constitute an important asset for the integration of renewable energy sources in the Smart Grid. In particular, they should have a dual role: as a controllable load and as a mobile generator with a low inertia. To perform these tasks, chargers must provide the electronics with a power flow from the grid to the vehicle and vice versa. This bidirectionality can also be implemented in wireless chargers. The power converters, the compensation networks and the coil misalignment must be considered when designing the control of these systems. This paper presents a review about the proposed algorithms to control the active and the reactive power flow in a bidirectional wireless charger.
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