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Lorenzo-Santiago MA, Rodríguez-Campos J, Rendón-Villalobos R, García-Hernández E, Vallejo-Cardona AA, Contreras-Ramos SM. Thermal Treatment to Obtain 5-Hydroxymethyl Furfural (5-HMF), Furfural and Phenolic Compounds from Vinasse Waste from Agave. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031063. [PMID: 36770727 PMCID: PMC9919599 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Vinasses represent important final disposal problems due to their physical-chemical composition. This work analyzed the composition of tequila vinasses and increased 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, and phenolic compounds using thermal hydrolysis with hydrogen peroxide as a catalyst. A statistical Taguchi design was used, and a UPLC-MS (XEVO TQS Micro) analysis determined the presence and increase of the components. The treatment at 130 °C, 40 min, and 0.5% of catalyst presented the highest increase for 5-HMF (127 mg/L), furfural (3.07 mg/L), and phenol compounds as chlorogenic (0.36 mg/L), and vanillic acid (2.75 mg/L). Additionally, the highest removal of total sugars (57.3%), sucrose (99.3%), and COD (32.9%). For the treatment T130:30m:0P the syringic (0.74 mg/L) and coumaric (0.013 mg/L) acids obtained the highest increase, and the treatment T120:30m:1P increased 3-hydroxybenzoic (1.30 mg/L) and sinapic (0.06 mg/L) acid. The revaluation of vinasses through thermal treatments provides guidelines to reduce the impact generated on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Lorenzo-Santiago
- Unidad de Tecnología Ambiental, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C. (CIATEJ), Normalistas No. 800, Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara C.P. 44270, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jacobo Rodríguez-Campos
- Unidad de Servicios Analíticos y Metrológicos (CIATEJ), Normalistas No. 800, Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara C.P. 44270, Jalisco, Mexico
- Correspondence: (J.R.-C.); (S.M.C.-R.); Tel.: +52-33-1162-9302 (S.M.C.-R.)
| | - Rodolfo Rendón-Villalobos
- Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle Ceprobi número 8, Colonia San Isidro C.P. 62731, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Edgar García-Hernández
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, I.T. Zacatepec, Calzada Tecnológico No.27, Colonia Centro, Zacatepec C.P. 62780, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alba Adriana Vallejo-Cardona
- Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C. (CIATEJ), Normalistas No. 800, Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara C.P. 44270, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Silvia Maribel Contreras-Ramos
- Unidad de Tecnología Ambiental, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C. (CIATEJ), Normalistas No. 800, Colinas de la Normal, Guadalajara C.P. 44270, Jalisco, Mexico
- Correspondence: (J.R.-C.); (S.M.C.-R.); Tel.: +52-33-1162-9302 (S.M.C.-R.)
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Díaz-Vázquez D, Garibay MV, Fernández del Castillo A, Orozco-Nunnelly DA, Senés-Guerrero C, Gradilla-Hernández MS. Yeast community composition impacts on tequila industry waste treatment for pollution control and waste-to-product synthesis. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.1013873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tequila industry is a major producer of wastewater in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. Tequila vinasses (TV) are a residue from the distillation of fermented agave wort during tequila production. TV are difficult to treat due their high organic content, high nutrient loads, acidic pH and high discharge temperature. TV are frequently released into waterbodies or soil without any treatment, leading to environmental degradation of soil and water sources. To reduce the environmental impact of the tequila industry, cost-effective TV revalorization approaches must be developed. The goals of the present study were to assess the treatment and revalorization potential of TV using mono and mixed yeast cultures to produce single-cell protein (SCP) and to analyze yeast community composition using high-throughput sequencing during the mixed-culture fermentation of TV. The fermentation process was performed using a mixed culture of three fodder yeast species (Candida utilis, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Kluyveromyces marxianus) during 48 h at benchtop-scale. High-throughput sequencing was performed to assess the relative abundance of the yeast communities. Additionally, a redundancy analysis was performed to analyze the bidirectional influence between yeast communities and pollutant removal (COD, nitrogen, phosphorus, proteins, and sugars). Mixed yeast cultures displayed overall higher pollutant removal rates than monocultures, where C. utilis and K. marxianus contributed the most to pollutant removal and protein accumulation. The R. mucilaginosa population declined rapidly in mixed culture, presumably due to TV acidity and phenolic composition. However, the presence of The R. mucilaginosa in the mixed culture enhanced pollutant removal and amino acid contents. Accordingly, the protein and amino acid content within mixed cultures were significantly higher than those of monocultures, indicating that mixed cultures have a strong potential to produce protein rich biomass from TV, aiding in the transition of both the tequila and the livestock industries to a sustainable circular bioeconomy model by the reintegration of organic material flows into productive processes, reducing raw resource intake and waste generation. The present circular bioeconomy approach could represent a potential to produce 45,664 tons of protein feed yearly, based on the current tequila vinasses generated in the state of Jalisco.
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Singh A, Rodríguez-Jasso RM, Saxena R, Cerda RB, Singhania RR, Ruiz HA. Subcritical water pretreatment for agave bagasse fractionation from tequila production and enzymatic susceptibility. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 338:125536. [PMID: 34289430 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work focuses on the effect of subcritical water pretreatment conditions on agave bagasse chemical composition, biomass fractionation, and enzymatic hydrolysis obtained from the different tequila production processes. The pretreatment was carried out in a batch pressurized reactor within an isothermal regime. The operational conditions for subcritical water pretreatment were (150-190 °C) and (10-50 min). The best operational conditions were selected, based on the increased cellulose content (>50%) in the pretreated solid phase. The conditions for 190 °C for 50 and 30 min of pretreated agave bagasse solids were chosen for enzymatic hydrolysis susceptibility (15 FPU/g of the substrate). The maximum conversion yield (cellulose to glucose) during enzymatic hydrolysis achieved was up to 61.62% (5.86 g/L) in industrial bagasse at 72 h and initial saccharification rate was 0.34 g/(L*h) at 12 h. This study indicates that the agave bagasse is a promising raw material in the development of second-generation biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusuiya Singh
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila 25280, Mexico
| | - Rosa M Rodríguez-Jasso
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila 25280, Mexico
| | - Rohit Saxena
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila 25280, Mexico
| | - Ruth Belmares Cerda
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila 25280, Mexico
| | - Reeta Rani Singhania
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Héctor A Ruiz
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila 25280, Mexico.
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Continuous hydrogen production and microbial community profile in the dark fermentation of tequila vinasse: Response to increasing loading rates and immobilization of biomass. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tequila Still Distillation Fractioned Residual Streams for Use in Biorefinery. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13236222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tequila vinasses is a mixture made from up to six still distillation two-stage process residual effluents. First stage fractions: residual must (60%), heads (0.9%) and tails (20.0%); second stage fractions: non-evaporated (8.0%), heads (0.1%) and tails (1.0%); the result is a more complex effluent for its treatment or biorefining. The objectives of this study were to: (a) characterize the five still distillation volatile streams in the Tequila 100% Agave processing; compounds: methanol, ethanol, acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate, sec-butanol, n-propanol, iso-butanol, n-butanol, iso-amyl, n-amyl, and ethyl lactate were detected by gas chromatography; calculated chemical oxygen demand from chemical composition had very high values (53,760–1,239,220 mg/L); measurement of pH (3.24–4.80), color (38.6 UC Pt-Co max), turbidity (46.1 max), electrical conductivity (3.30–172.20 μS/cm), and solid content (0 mg/L) was also made; (b) report an energy analysis (2.02 × 109 KWh) and CO2 production (429 × 106 kg) in the Tequila industry during 2019; (c) up to date residues (365.2 × 106 kg agave bagasse, 1146.1 × 106 kg agave leaves and 3300.0 × 106 L agave vinasse) in 2019; (d) economic analysis, current tequila vinasses treatment price is 16.00 USD/m3 but could reach a considerable fraction value if is bio-refined, a break down component analysis reach for five volatile streams $51.23–$140.00 USD/m3.
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