1
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Jiang K, Yu H, Sun Z, Lei Z, Li K, Wang L. Zero-Emission Cement Plants with Advanced Amine-Based CO 2 Capture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:6978-6987. [PMID: 38598712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Decarbonization of the cement sector is essentially required to achieve carbon neutrality to combat climate change. Amine-based CO2 capture is a leading and practical technology to deeply remove CO2 from the cement industry, owing to its high retrofittability to existing cement plants and extensive engineering experience in industrial flue gas decarbonization. While research efforts have been made to achieve low-carbon cement with 90% CO2 removal, a net-zero-emission cement plant that will be required for a carbon neutrality society has not yet been investigated. The present study proposed an advanced amine-based CO2 capture system integrated with a cement plant to achieve net-zero CO2 emission by pushing the CO2 capture efficiency to 99.7%. Monoethanomaine (MEA) and piperazine/2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (PZ-AMP) amine systems, which are considered to be the first- and second-generation capture agents, respectively, were detailed investigated to deeply decarbonize the cement plant. Compared to MEA, the advanced PZ-AMP system exhibited excellent energy performance with a regeneration duty of ∼2.6 GJ/tonne CO2 at 99.7% capture, 39% lower than the MEA process. This enabled a low CO2 avoided cost of $72.0/tonne CO2, which was 18% lower than that of the MEA-based zero-emission process and even 16.2% lower than the standard 90% MEA process. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the zero-emission capture cost of the PZ-AMP system would be further reduced to below $56/tonne CO2 at a $4/GJ steam production cost, indicating its economic competitiveness among various CO2 capture technologies to achieve a zero-emission cement plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, 2 Beinong Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Hai Yu
- CSIRO Energy, 10 Murray Dwyer Circuit, Mayfield West, New South Wales 2304, Australia
| | - Zening Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, 2 Beinong Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhiqi Lei
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, 2 Beinong Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Kangkang Li
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Yiheyuan Road, Haidian, Beijing 100871, China
- Ordos Research Institute of Energy, Peking University, Business Office Building, Kangbashi, Ordos, Nei Mongol 017010, China
| | - Lidong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, 2 Beinong Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China
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2
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Guo Y, Luo L, Liu T, Hao L, Li Y, Liu P, Zhu T. A review of low-carbon technologies and projects for the global cement industry. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 136:682-697. [PMID: 37923477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the cement industry account for 26% of the total industrial emissions, and the need to develop low-carbon techniques within the cement industry is extremely urgent. Low-carbon projects and technologies for the cement industry in different regions and countries have been thoroughly reviewed in this manuscript, and the low-carbon development concept for each county has been analyzed. For developing countries such as China and India, energy saving and efficiency enhancement are currently the key points, while for developed countries and regions such as Europe, more efforts have been focused on carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). Global CCUS projects have been previously conducted, and the majority of CCUS projects are currently performed in Europe where major projects such as the CEMCAP, CLEANKER, and IEILAC projects represent the latest research progress in cement production technologies and low-carbon technologies for the global cement industry. The development of low-carbon cement technologies has changed from focusing on the end point to instead focusing on the source and process through the exploration of hydrogen and solar energies, and more disruptive and original technologies are expected to be developed, particularly in the cement industry in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lei Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Liwei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials, Beijing Building Materials Academy of Sciences Research, Beijing 100041, China
| | - Yinming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials, Beijing Building Materials Academy of Sciences Research, Beijing 100041, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials, Beijing Building Materials Academy of Sciences Research, Beijing 100041, China
| | - Tingyu Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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3
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Mallongi A, Ernyasih E. Health risk assessments of exposure carbon dioxide among communities and children around Tonasa cement plant, Pangkep Regency, Indonesia. Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) application. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e271436. [PMID: 37792746 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.271436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to carbon dioxide (CO2) can have a negative influence on one's health and be hazardous to the environment. It could be both directly and indirectly to those communities who are living near the CO2 point sources. This study aimed to investigate the magnitude of CO2 level in ambient air and its spatial distribution which then continued to assess the potential health risks posed by communities living surround the site as well as applied the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) approach to predict the risks magnitude among adult and children due to CO2 air pollution from the cement industry activities in Pangkep. This observational analytic study applied health risk assessment due to the CO2 exposure both to adult and children population. To estimate the non carcinogenic risk, study used the Monte Carlo Simulation model with 10,000 iterations to estimate the risk through the inhalation pathway suffered by communities, as well as analyzing the sensitivity level every single health risk parameter. The highest risks for the adults was in station 7 with 7,641 whereas the lowest risks was in station 3 with 1,194, respectively. Furthermore, the highest risks for child was in station 4 with 498 whereas the lowest one was in station 15 with 32, respectively. Those non carcinogenic HQ were exceed the standard for adult but not at risks for children. The results of the Monte Carlo Simulation that assessed the non risks cancer probability with the 5th and 95th percentiles demonstrated that adult population were at value of 0.83 and 1.53 0.83 and 1.53 respectively, that still indicated at low risk for developing adverse health effects among those communities temporarily. However, at the same percentiles children indicated at value of 199 and 388 that indicated at risk for developing adverse health effects among those children. In addition, level of sensitivity analysis result indicated that exposure frequency with (20,9%) for adult and the exposure duration with (25,6%) for children were the most contributing factors to health risks among, respectively. Simulation determines the critical factors with major effects in reducing health risks. The CO2 magnitude not poses risks to adults, by contrast, children are at risk. Thus, limiting exposure frequency and inhalation of CO2 levels in the school for children area are highly demanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mallongi
- Hasanuddin University, Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Tamalanrea, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - E Ernyasih
- Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Faculty of Public Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
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4
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Subraveti SG, Rodríguez Angel E, Ramírez A, Roussanaly S. Is Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Really So Expensive? An Analysis of Cascading Costs and CO 2 Emissions Reduction of Industrial CCS Implementation on the Construction of a Bridge. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:2595-2601. [PMID: 36731169 PMCID: PMC9933526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is an essential technology to mitigate global CO2 emissions from power and industry sectors. Despite the increasing recognition of its importance to achieve the net-zero target, current CCS deployment is far behind targeted ambitions. A key reason is that CCS is often perceived as too expensive. The costs of CCS have however traditionally been looked at from the industrial plant perspective, which does not necessarily reflect the end user's one. This paper addresses the incomplete view by investigating the impact of implementing CCS in industrial facilities on the overall costs and CO2 emissions of end-user products and services. As an example, we examine the extent to which an increase in costs of raw materials (cement and steel) due to CCS impacts the costs of building a bridge. Results show that although CCS significantly increases cement and steel costs, the subsequent increment in the overall bridge construction cost remains marginal (∼1%). This 1% cost increase, however, enables a deep reduction in CO2 emissions (∼51%) associated with the bridge construction. Although more research is needed in this area, this work is the first step to a better understanding of the real cost and benefits of CCS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrea Ramírez
- Delft
University of Technology, Delft 2628, The Netherlands
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5
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Bacatelo M, Capucha F, Ferrão P, Margarido F. Selection of a CO2 capture technology for the cement industry: An integrated TEA and LCA methodological framework. J CO2 UTIL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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6
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Kamolov A, Turakulov Z, Rejabov S, Díaz-Sainz G, Gómez-Coma L, Norkobilov A, Fallanza M, Irabien A. Decarbonization of Power and Industrial Sectors: The Role of Membrane Processes. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:130. [PMID: 36837633 PMCID: PMC9964316 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the single largest contributor to climate change due to its increased emissions since global industrialization began. Carbon Capture, Storage, and Utilization (CCSU) is regarded as a promising strategy to mitigate climate change, reducing the atmospheric concentration of CO2 from power and industrial activities. Post-combustion carbon capture (PCC) is necessary to implement CCSU into existing facilities without changing the combustion block. In this study, the recent research on various PCC technologies is discussed, along with the membrane technology for PCC, emphasizing the different types of membranes and their gas separation performances. Additionally, an overall comparison of membrane separation technology with respect to other PCC methods is implemented based on six different key parameters-CO2 purity and recovery, technological maturity, scalability, environmental concerns, and capital and operational expenditures. In general, membrane separation is found to be the most competitive technique in conventional absorption as long as the highly-performed membrane materials and the technology itself reach the full commercialization stage. Recent updates on the main characteristics of different flue gas streams and the Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) of each PCC technology are also provided with a brief discussion of their latest progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizbek Kamolov
- Department of IT, Automation, and Control, Tashkent Chemical-Technological Institute, Tashkent 100011, Uzbekistan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Zafar Turakulov
- Department of IT, Automation, and Control, Tashkent Chemical-Technological Institute, Tashkent 100011, Uzbekistan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Sarvar Rejabov
- Department of IT, Automation, and Control, Tashkent Chemical-Technological Institute, Tashkent 100011, Uzbekistan
| | - Guillermo Díaz-Sainz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Lucia Gómez-Coma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Adham Norkobilov
- Department of IT, Automation, and Control, Tashkent Chemical-Technological Institute, Tashkent 100011, Uzbekistan
- Department of Engineering Technologies, Shahrisabz Branch of Tashkent Chemical-Technological Institute, Shahrisabz 181306, Uzbekistan
| | - Marcos Fallanza
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Angel Irabien
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
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7
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A review on CO2 capture and sequestration in the construction industry: Emerging approaches and commercialised technologies. J CO2 UTIL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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8
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Moretti C. Reflecting on the environmental impact of the captured carbon feedstock. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158694. [PMID: 36099956 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Climate change mitigation potentials of carbon capture and utilization (CCU) closely depend on the energy and chemicals used to capture the chemically inert CO2. The potential environmental benefits of CCU are typically assessed using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. Although LCA is a standardized method, modelling CO2 as a carbon feedstock instead of an emission introduces an ambiguous "multifunctionality issue". Inconsistent multifunctionality practices have been applied to deal with this methodological complexity in LCAs of CCU technologies. Using one method instead of another can lead to highly positive or negative carbon footprints for the same carbon source and CO2 capture process. A comprehensive guideline to clarify the best practices to conduct LCAs of CCU technologies was published in 2020 (and updated in March 2022) in a collaborative process involving over 40 experts. In this guideline and linked scientific articles from experts involved in its development, a so-called "substitution method" is recommended to avoid suboptimal choices of CO2 sources, improve comparability and harmonize decision-making. This article critically reviews the methodological formulation of the recommended method and suggests corrections to possible inaccuracies in a future update of the guideline. Furthermore, various illustrative examples of common CO2 feedstocks were used to illustrate the meaning of adopting such a method in practice. Economic-based benchmarking of the environmental impacts of CO2 feedstocks calculated with such a method was also broadly illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Moretti
- ETH Zürich, Department of Environmental Systems Science, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
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9
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Recent advances on the modeling and optimization of CO2 capture processes. Comput Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2022.107938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Ultra-Cheap Renewable Energy as an Enabling Technology for Deep Industrial Decarbonization via Capture and Utilization of Process CO2 Emissions. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15145181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Rapidly declining costs of renewable energy technologies have made solar and wind the cheapest sources of energy in many parts of the world. This has been seen primarily as enabling the rapid decarbonization of the electricity sector, but low-cost, low-carbon energy can have a great secondary impact by reducing the costs of energy-intensive decarbonization efforts in other areas. In this study, we consider, by way of an exemplary carbon capture and utilization cycle based on mature technologies, the energy requirements of the “industrial carbon cycle”, an emerging paradigm in which industrial CO2 emissions are captured and reprocessed into chemicals and fuels, and we assess the impact of declining renewable energy costs on overall economics of these processes. In our exemplary process, CO2 is captured from a cement production facility via an amine scrubbing process and combined with hydrogen produced by a solar-powered polymer electrolyte membrane, using electrolysis to produce methanol. We show that solar heat and electricity generation costs currently realized in the Middle East lead to a large reduction in the cost of this process relative to baseline assumptions found in published literature, and extrapolation of current energy price trends into the near future would bring costs down to the level of current fossil-fuel-based processes.
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11
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Monteiro J, Roussanaly S. CCUS scenarios for the cement industry: Is CO2 utilization feasible? J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Renewable Fuels from Integrated Power- and Biomass-to-X Processes: A Superstructure Optimization Study. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10071298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This work presents a superstructure optimization study for the production of renewable fuels with a focus on jet fuel. Power-to-X via the methanol (MTJ) and Fischer–Tropsch (FT) route is combined with Biomass-to-X (BtX) via an algae-based biorefinery to an integrated Power- and Biomass-to-X (PBtX) process. Possible integration by algae remnant utilization for H2/CO2 production, wastewater recycling and heat integration is included. Modeling is performed using the novel Open sUperstrucTure moDeling and OptimizatiOn fRamework (OUTDOOR). Novel methods to account for advanced mass balances and uncertain input data are included. Economic optimization proposes a PBtX process. This process combines algae processing with MTJ and depicts a highly mass- and energy integrated plant. It produces fuels at 211 EUR/MWhLHV (ca. 2530 EUR/t), a cost reduction of 21% to 11.5% compared to stand-alone electricity- or bio-based production at algae costs of 25 EUR/tAlgae-sludge and electricity costs of 72 EUR/MWh. Investigation of uncertain data indicates that a combination of BtX and MTJ is economically superior to FT for a wide parameter range. Only for high algae costs of >40 EUR/tAlgae-sludge stand-alone electricity-based MTJ is economically superior and for high MTJ costs above 2000–2400 EUR/tJet FT is the optimal option.
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13
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Tiefenthaler J, Mazzotti M. Modeling of a Continuous Carbonation Reactor for CaCO3 Precipitation. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.849988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To stop global warming well below 2°C, a rapid decarbonization of our economy, including the industrial sector is required—reaching net-zero GHG emissions in 2050. CO2 mineralization processes, capturing CO2 from industrial point sources and trapping it as carbonate minerals, have the potential to store climate-relevant amounts of CO2. To get there, the potential processes have to be designed and developed, with the help of a process model that can support the process scale-up and optimization. In this work, a process model describing a gas-liquid-solid continuous cristallizer for CO2 absorption into an aqueous ammonium nitrate solution and CaCO3 precipitation has been developed. It consists of the relevant material balances, of a speciation model, and a population balance equation. While several of the model parameters can be obtained from the literature, a few have been estimated by fitting a comprehensive set of experimental data presented earlier. In particular, the process quantities used for parameter estimation are the CO2 mass transfer rate, the calcium carbonate crystallization rate, and the average particle size of the CaCO3 product crystals. The accuracy of the model, particularly in reproducing mass transfer rates and average particle sizes, has been assessed. Interestingly, it has been shown that the dominating mechanism for crystal formation is primary rather than secondary nucleation. The validated model has been used to explore the effect of the different operating conditions on various key performance indicators so as to gain a deeper insight into the process performance and potential. It has been shown that the CO2 absorption efficiency is mainly affected by the feed stoichiometry and the gas feed rate, whereas the CO2 capture and precipitation efficiency are controlled by the liquid phase composition and the residence time; increasing the calcium concentration in the feed is obviously one way to improve the efficiency. Moreover, we could show that the particle size tends to increase with calcium concentration and to decrease with liquid feed rate and supersaturation of the solution.
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14
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Integrating multi-objective superstructure optimization and multi-criteria assessment: a novel methodology for sustainable process design. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2020-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This work presents a novel methodology for integrated multi-objective superstructure optimization and multi-criteria assessment. The method is tailored for sustainable process synthesis utilizing mixed-integer linear programming (MILP). The six-step algorithm includes 1) superstructure formulation, 2) criteria definition and implementation, 3) criteria weighting, 4) single-criterion optimization, 5) reformulation and 6) multi-criteria optimization. It is automated in the
O
pen s
U
perstruc
T
ure mo
D
eling and
O
ptimizati
O
n f
R
amework (OUTDOOR) and tested on integrated power-to-X and biomass-to-X processes for methanol production. Three criteria are considered, namely net production costs (NPC), net production greenhouse gas emissions (NPE) and net production fresh water demand (NPFWD). The optimization indicates NPC of 1307 €/tMeOH with NPE of −2.23
t
CO
2
/
t
MeOH
${\text{t}}_{{\text{CO}}_{2}}/{\text{t}}_{\text{MeOH}}$
and NPFWD of −3.42
t
H
2
O
/
t
MeOH
${\text{t}}_{{\text{H}}_{2}\text{O}}/{\text{t}}_{\text{MeOH}}$
for an optimal trade-off plant. The plant configuration features low-pressure alkaline electrolysis for hydrogen supply, absorption-based CO2 capture and steam production from methanol purge gas for internal heat supply. Conducted variation and sensitivity analyses indicate that methanol costs can drop to about 500 €/tMeOH if electricity is free of charge, or to 805 €/tMeOH if biogas is available at large quantities, if a least-cost process layouts are considered. However, all performed multi-criteria analyses imply a robust optimal process design utilizing electricity-based methanol production.
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15
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LCA and negative emission potential of retrofitted cement plants under oxyfuel conditions at high biogenic fuel shares. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8924. [PMID: 35624302 PMCID: PMC9142509 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13064-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The implementation of oxyfuel carbon capture and storage technologies in combination with use of alternative fuels comprising high biogenic shares is promoted as an attractive climate change mitigation option for the cement sector to achieve low or even negative carbon emissions. Here, we perform a prospective life cycle assessment of two state-of-the art cement plants, one in Sweden and one in Germany, under conventional and retrofitted oxyfuel conditions considering alternative fuel mixes with increasing bio-based fractions of forest residues or dedicated bioenergy crops. The analysis also considers effects of the projected changes in the electricity systems up to 2050. Retrofitting the cement plants to oxyfuel reduces climate change impacts between 74 and 91%, while with additional use of biomass as alternative fuel the cement plants reach negative emission between - 24 and - 169 gCO2eq. kgclinker-1, depending on operational condition, location, and biomass type. Additional emission reduction of - 10 (Sweden) and - 128 gCO2eq. kgclinker-1 (Germany) are expected from the decarbonization of the future electricity systems. Retrofitting the cement plants to oxyfuel conditions shows trade-offs with other environmental impacts (e.g., human toxicity, water and energy depletion), which are partially offset with projected changes in electricity systems. Our results illustrate the large climate change mitigation potential in the cement sector that can be achieved by the implementation of oxyfuel carbon capture and storage and biomass use as alternative fuel.
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16
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Carbon capture for decarbonisation of energy-intensive industries: a comparative review of techno-economic feasibility of solid looping cycles. Front Chem Sci Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2151-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCarbon capture and storage will play a crucial role in industrial decarbonisation. However, the current literature presents a large variability in the techno-economic feasibility of CO2 capture technologies. Consequently, reliable pathways for carbon capture deployment in energy-intensive industries are still missing. This work provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art CO2 capture technologies for decarbonisation of the iron and steel, cement, petroleum refining, and pulp and paper industries. Amine scrubbing was shown to be the least feasible option, resulting in the average avoided CO2 cost of between $$62.7\;\mathrm{C}\!\!\!\!{\scriptstyle{{}^=}\,} \cdot {\rm{t}}_{{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_2}}^{\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\; - 1}$$ for the pulp and paper and $$104.6\;\mathrm{C}\!\!\!\!{\scriptstyle{{}^=}\,} \cdot {\rm{t}}_{{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_2}}^{\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\; - 1}$$ for the iron and steel industry. Its average equivalent energy requirement varied between 2.7 (iron and steel) and $$5.1\;\;{\rm{M}}{{\rm{J}}_{{\rm{th}}}} \cdot {\rm{kg}}_{{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_2}}^{\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\; - 1}$$ (cement). Retrofits of emerging calcium looping were shown to improve the overall viability of CO2 capture for industrial decarbonisation. Calcium looping was shown to result in the average avoided CO2 cost of between 32.7 (iron and steel) and $$42.9\;\mathrm{C}\!\!\!\!{\scriptstyle{{}^=}\,} \cdot {\rm{t}}_{{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_2}}^{\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\; - 1}$$ (cement). Its average equivalent energy requirement varied between 2.0 (iron and steel) and $$3.7\;\;{\rm{M}}{{\rm{J}}_{{\rm{th}}}} \cdot {\rm{kg}}_{{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_2}}^{\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\; - 1}$$ (pulp and paper). Such performance demonstrated the superiority of calcium looping for industrial decarbonisation. Further work should focus on standardising the techno-economic assessment of technologies for industrial decarbonisation.
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17
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Ma X, Mi Y, Zhao C, Wei Q. A comprehensive review on carbon source effect of microalgae lipid accumulation for biofuel production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151387. [PMID: 34740661 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Energy is a major driving force for the economic development. Due to the scarcity of fossil fuels and negative impact on the environment, it is important to develop renewable and sustainable energy sources for humankind. Microalgae as the primary feedstock for biodiesel has shown great application potential. However, lipid yield from microalgae is limited by the upstream cost, which restrain the realization of large-scale biofuel production. The modification of lipid-rich microalgae cell has become the focus over the last few decades to improve the lipid content and productivity of microalgae. Carbon is a vital nutrient that regulates the growth and metabolism of microalgae. Different carbon sources are assimilated by microalgae cells via different pathways. Inorganic carbon sources are mainly used through the CO2-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs), while organic carbon sources are absorbed by microalgae mainly through the Pentose Phosphate (PPP) Pathway and the Embden-Meyerhof-Pranas (EMP) pathway. Therefore, the addition of carbon source has a significant impact on the production of microalgae biomass and lipid accumulation. In this paper, mechanisms of lipid synthesis and carbon uptake of microalgae were introduced, and the effects of different carbon conditions (types, concentrations, and addition methods) on lipid accumulation in microalgal biomass production and biodiesel production were comprehensively discussed. This review also highlights the recent advances in microalgae lipid cultivation with large-scale commercialization and the development prospects of biodiesel production. Current challenges and constructive suggestions are proposed on cost-benefit concerns in large-scale production of microalgae biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmeng Ma
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Yuwei Mi
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- China Construction Fifth Engineering Division Corp., Ltd, 9 Kaixuan Rd, Liangqing District, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China
| | - Qun Wei
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
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18
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Cost and Emissions Reduction in CO2 Capture Plant Dependent on Heat Exchanger Type and Different Process Configurations: Optimum Temperature Approach Analysis. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15020425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The performance of a plate heat exchanger (PHE), in comparison with the conventional shell and tube types, through a trade-off analysis of energy cost and capital cost resulting from different temperature approaches in the cross-exchanger of a solvent-based CO2 capture process, was evaluated. The aim was to examine the cost reduction and CO2 emission reduction potentials of the different heat exchangers. Each specific heat exchanger type was assumed for the cross-exchanger, the lean amine cooler and the cooler to cool the direct contact cooler’s circulation water. The study was conducted for flue gases from a natural-gas combined-cycle power plant and the Brevik cement plant in Norway. The standard and the lean vapour compression CO2 absorption configurations were used for the study. The PHE outperformed the fixed tube sheet shell and tube heat exchanger (FTS-STHX) and the other STHXs economically and in emissions reduction. The optimal minimum temperature approach for the PHE cases based on CO2 avoided cost were achieved at 4 °C to 7 °C. This is where the energy consumption and indirect emissions are relatively low. The lean vapour compression CO2 capture process with optimum PHE achieved a 16% reduction in CO2 avoided cost in the cement plant process. When the available excess heat for the production of steam for 50% CO2 capture was considered together with the optimum PHE case of the lean vapour compression process, a cost reduction of about 34% was estimated. That is compared to a standard capture process with FTS-STHX without consideration of the excess heat. This highlights the importance of the waste heat at the Norcem cement plant. This study recommends the use of plate heat exchangers for the cross-heat exchanger (at 4–7 °C), lean amine cooler and the DCC unit’s circulation water cooler. To achieve the best possible CO2 capture process economically and in respect of emissions reduction, it is imperative to perform energy cost and capital cost trade-off analysis based on different minimum temperature approaches.
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19
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Thakuri S, Khatri SB, Thapa S. Enflamed CO 2 emissions from cement production in Nepal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:68762-68772. [PMID: 34278552 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cement industry is one of the main contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, specifically carbon dioxide (CO2). This paper presents the cement production and the CO2 emissions from the cement industry in Nepal. We compute emissions for the process-related, combustion-related (fuel use), and electricity-related activities during the cement production. We used eight emission factors (EFs) for the process-related, two EFs for the combustion or fuel-related, and two for the electricity-related activities using the previous researches. We computed the emissions as a product of the activities and the EFs. The estimated CO2 emission in 2019 from the cement production is 3.45 ± 0.50 million metric tons (mMt) for Nepal. In 2019, the emissions are 1.87 ± 0.16 mMt from the process-related, 1.52 ± 0.34 mMt from the combustion-related, and 0.062 ± 0.004 mMt from the electricity use activities during the cement production in Nepal. Cumulative CO2 emission was 22.73 ± 3.82 mMt from 1987 to 2019. Per capita CO2 emission is 0.12 mMt for Nepal in 2019. Nepal contributes about 0.06% CO2 emission from cement production to the global CO2 emission (2.08 Gt) from the cement industry. By evaluating per capita gross domestic product (GDP) (from 1987/1988 to 2019/2020) and the human development index (HDI) (from 1990 to 2019) with the cement production, the result shows that cement production increases significantly (p < 0.01) with an increase in the GDP and the HDI. We emphasize that the study's outputs are directly relevant to the country's emission inventory, mitigation planning, and developing a strategy for cleaner production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeep Thakuri
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, 44613, Nepal.
| | - Singh Bahadur Khatri
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, 44613, Nepal
| | - Sabita Thapa
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, 44613, Nepal
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20
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Nikas A, Elia A, Boitier B, Koasidis K, Doukas H, Cassetti G, Anger-Kraavi A, Bui H, Campagnolo L, De Miglio R, Delpiazzo E, Fougeyrollas A, Gambhir A, Gargiulo M, Giarola S, Grant N, Hawkes A, Herbst A, Köberle AC, Kolpakov A, Le Mouël P, McWilliams B, Mittal S, Moreno J, Neuner F, Perdana S, Peters GP, Plötz P, Rogelj J, Sognnæs I, Van de Ven DJ, Vielle M, Zachmann G, Zagamé P, Chiodi A. Where is the EU headed given its current climate policy? A stakeholder-driven model inter-comparison. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148549. [PMID: 34174618 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent calls to do climate policy research with, rather than for, stakeholders have been answered in non-modelling science. Notwithstanding progress in modelling literature, however, very little of the scenario space traces back to what stakeholders are ultimately concerned about. With a suite of eleven integrated assessment, energy system and sectoral models, we carry out a model inter-comparison for the EU, the scenario logic and research questions of which have been formulated based on stakeholders' concerns. The output of this process is a scenario framework exploring where the region is headed rather than how to achieve its goals, extrapolating its current policy efforts into the future. We find that Europe is currently on track to overperforming its pre-2020 40% target yet far from its newest ambition of 55% emissions cuts by 2030, as well as looking at a 1.0-2.35 GtCO2 emissions range in 2050. Aside from the importance of transport electrification, deployment levels of carbon capture and storage are found intertwined with deeper emissions cuts and with hydrogen diffusion, with most hydrogen produced post-2040 being blue. Finally, the multi-model exercise has highlighted benefits from deeper decarbonisation in terms of energy security and jobs, and moderate to high renewables-dominated investment needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Nikas
- Energy Policy Unit, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | | | | | - Konstantinos Koasidis
- Energy Policy Unit, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Haris Doukas
- Energy Policy Unit, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Annela Anger-Kraavi
- Climate Change Policy Group, CAS, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ha Bui
- Cambridge Econometrics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenza Campagnolo
- RFF-CMCC European Institute on Economics and the Environment (EIEE), Venice, Italy; Ca'Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy; Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Venice, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Delpiazzo
- RFF-CMCC European Institute on Economics and the Environment (EIEE), Venice, Italy; Ca'Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy; Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Venice, Italy
| | | | - Ajay Gambhir
- Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sara Giarola
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Grant
- Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Hawkes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Herbst
- Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexandre C Köberle
- Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrey Kolpakov
- Institute of Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Shivika Mittal
- Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Moreno
- Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Leioa, Spain
| | - Felix Neuner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sigit Perdana
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Glen P Peters
- CICERO Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - Patrick Plötz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Joeri Rogelj
- Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Ida Sognnæs
- CICERO Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Marc Vielle
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Paul Zagamé
- SEURECO, Paris, France; Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris, France
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21
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Advanced configurations for post-combustion CO2 capture processes using an aqueous ammonia solution as absorbent. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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At what Pressure Shall CO2 Be Transported by Ship? An in-Depth Cost Comparison of 7 and 15 Barg Shipping. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14185635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pipeline has historically been the preferred means to transport CO2 due to its low cost for short distances and opportunities for economies of scale. However, interest in vessel-based transport of CO2 is growing. While most of the literature has assumed that CO2 shipping would take place at low pressure (at 7 barg and −46 °C), the issue of identifying best transport conditions, in terms of pressure, temperature, and gas composition, is becoming more relevant as ship-based carbon capture and storage chains move towards implementation. This study focuses on an in-depth comparison of the two primary and relevant transport pressures, 7 and 15 barg, for annual volumes up to 20 MtCO2/year and transport distances up to 2000 km. We also address the impact of a number of key factors on optimal transport conditions, including (a) transport between harbours versus transport to an offshore site, (b) CO2 pressure prior to conditioning, (c) the presence of impurities and of purity constraints, and (d) maximum feasible ship capacities for the 7 and 15 barg options. Overall, we have found that 7 barg shipping is the most cost-efficient option for the combinations of distance and annual volume where transport by ship is the cost-optimal means of transport. Furthermore, 7 barg shipping can enable significant cost reductions (beyond 30%) compared to 15 barg shipping for a wide range of annual volume capacities.
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23
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Dhoke C, Cloete S, Amini S, Zaabout A. Study of the Cost Reductions Achievable from the Novel SARC CO 2 Capture Concept Using a Validated Reactor Model. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya Dhoke
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1B, Trondheim 7034, Trøndelag, Norway
| | - Schalk Cloete
- Process Technology Group, SINTEF Industry, S.P. Andersen vei 15B, Trondheim 7031, Trøndelag, Norway
| | - Shahriar Amini
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1B, Trondheim 7034, Trøndelag, Norway
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alabama, 3043 H.M. Comer 245 7th Avenue, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
| | - Abdelghafour Zaabout
- Process Technology Group, SINTEF Industry, S.P. Andersen vei 15B, Trondheim 7031, Trøndelag, Norway
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24
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Giarola S, Mittal S, Vielle M, Perdana S, Campagnolo L, Delpiazzo E, Bui H, Kraavi AA, Kolpakov A, Sognnaes I, Peters G, Hawkes A, Köberle AC, Grant N, Gambhir A, Nikas A, Doukas H, Moreno J, van de Ven DJ. Challenges in the harmonisation of global integrated assessment models: A comprehensive methodology to reduce model response heterogeneity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 783:146861. [PMID: 33872899 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Harmonisation sets the ground to a solid inter-comparison of integrated assessment models. A clear and transparent harmonisation process promotes a consistent interpretation of the modelling outcomes divergences and, reducing the model variance, is instrumental to the use of integrated assessment models to support policy decision-making. Despite its crucial role for climate economic policies, the definition of a comprehensive harmonisation methodology for integrated assessment modelling remains an open challenge for the scientific community. This paper proposes a framework for a harmonisation methodology with the definition of indispensable steps and recommendations to overcome stumbling blocks in order to reduce the variance of the outcomes which depends on controllable modelling assumptions. The harmonisation approach of the PARIS REINFORCE project is presented here to layout such a framework. A decomposition analysis of the harmonisation process is shown through 6 integrated assessment models (GCAM, ICES-XPS, MUSE, E3ME, GEMINI-E3, and TIAM). Results prove the potentials of the proposed framework to reduce the model variance and present a powerful diagnostic tool to feedback on the quality of the harmonisation itself.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marc Vielle
- École Polytechnique F'ed'erale de Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sigit Perdana
- École Polytechnique F'ed'erale de Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lorenza Campagnolo
- Fondazione Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici, Venice, Italy; Cà Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy; European Institute on Economics and the Environment, Venice, Italy
| | - Elisa Delpiazzo
- Fondazione Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici, Venice, Italy; Cà Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy; European Institute on Economics and the Environment, Venice, Italy
| | - Ha Bui
- Climate Change Policy Group, CAS, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Annela Anger Kraavi
- Climate Change Policy Group, CAS, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrey Kolpakov
- Institute of Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ida Sognnaes
- Center for International Climate Research, Norway
| | - Glen Peters
- Center for International Climate Research, Norway
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25
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Dunstan MT, Donat F, Bork AH, Grey CP, Müller CR. CO 2 Capture at Medium to High Temperature Using Solid Oxide-Based Sorbents: Fundamental Aspects, Mechanistic Insights, and Recent Advances. Chem Rev 2021; 121:12681-12745. [PMID: 34351127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide capture and mitigation form a key part of the technological response to combat climate change and reduce CO2 emissions. Solid materials capable of reversibly absorbing CO2 have been the focus of intense research for the past two decades, with promising stability and low energy costs to implement and operate compared to the more widely used liquid amines. In this review, we explore the fundamental aspects underpinning solid CO2 sorbents based on alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides operating at medium to high temperature: how their structure, chemical composition, and morphology impact their performance and long-term use. Various optimization strategies are outlined to improve upon the most promising materials, and we combine recent advances across disparate scientific disciplines, including materials discovery, synthesis, and in situ characterization, to present a coherent understanding of the mechanisms of CO2 absorption both at surfaces and within solid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Dunstan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Donat
- Laboratory of Energy Science and Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Leonhardstrasse 21, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander H Bork
- Laboratory of Energy Science and Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Leonhardstrasse 21, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Clare P Grey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph R Müller
- Laboratory of Energy Science and Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Leonhardstrasse 21, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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26
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Assessment on the Application of Facilitated Transport Membranes in Cement Plants for CO2 Capture. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14164772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide capture from cement plant flue gas can play an important role in mitigating CO2 emission that lead to climate change. Among all the technologies evaluated, membranes have potential to be one of the most energy-efficient and low-cost CO2 capture option. In this work, a novel membrane technology, Facilitated Transport Membranes (FTMs), is assessed to further reduce energy demand and cost for CO2 capture in a cement plant. A new process that employs FTMs is simulated and applied to a real clinker production plant in Italy (Colacem, Gubbio). The process is then compared with other carbon capture technologies. Results show that the FTM technology can be competitive with other technologies despite the need of steam to operate the membrane. Despite the benefit in terms of specific emission compared to more established absorption with liquid amines process, further improvements on membrane performances are needed to gain also an economic advantage for carbon capture in the cement industry.
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27
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Danaci D, Bui M, Petit C, Mac Dowell N. En Route to Zero Emissions for Power and Industry with Amine-Based Post-combustion Capture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:10619-10632. [PMID: 34241997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As more countries commit to a net-zero GHG emission target, we need a whole energy and industrial system approach to decarbonization rather than focus on individual emitters. This paper presents a techno-economic analysis of monoethanolamine-based post-combustion capture to explore opportunities over a diverse range of power and industrial applications. The following ranges were investigated: feed gas flow rate between 1-1000 kg ·s-1, gas CO2 concentrations of 2-42%mol, capture rates of 70-99%, and interest rates of 2-20%. The economies of scale are evident when the flue gas flow rate is <20 kg ·s-1 and gas concentration is below 20%mol CO2. In most cases, increasing the capture rate from 90 to 95% has a negligible impact on capture cost, thereby reducing CO2 emissions at virtually no additional cost. The majority of the investigated space has an operating cost fraction above 50%. In these instances, reducing the cost of capital (i.e., interest rate) has a minor impact on the capture cost. Instead, it would be more beneficial to reduce steam requirements. We also provide a surrogate model which can evaluate capture cost from inputs of the gas flow rate, CO2 composition, capture rate, interest rate, steam cost, and electricity cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Danaci
- Barrer Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Mai Bui
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London SW7 1NE, U.K
- Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Camille Petit
- Barrer Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Niall Mac Dowell
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London SW7 1NE, U.K
- Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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28
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Green Concrete Based on Quaternary Binders with Significant Reduced of CO2 Emissions. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14154558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The article presents studies of plain concretes prepared based on a quaternary binder containing various percentages of selected supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The possibilities of nanotechnology in concrete technology were also used. An additional important environmental goal of the proposed solution was to create the possibility of reducing CO2 emissions and the carbon footprint generated during the production of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). As the main substitute for the OPC, siliceous fly ash (FA) was used. Moreover, silica fume (SF) and nanosilica (nS) were also used. During examinations, the main mechanical properties of composites, i.e., compressive strength (fcm) and splitting tensile strength (fctm), were assessed. The microstructure of these materials was also analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition to the experimental research, simulations of the possible reduction of CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, as a result of the proposed solutions, were also carried out. It was found that the quaternary concrete is characterized by a well-developed structure and has high values of mechanical parameters. Furthermore, the use of green concrete based on quaternary binders enables a significant reduction in CO2 emissions. Therefore quaternary green concrete containing SCMs could be a useful alternative to plain concretes covering both the technical and environmental aspects. The present study indicates that quaternary binders can perform better than OPC as far as mechanical properties and microstructures are concerned. Therefore they can be used during the production of durable concretes used to perform structures in traditional and industrial construction.
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29
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A generic superstructure modeling and optimization framework on the example of bi-criteria Power-to-Methanol process design. Comput Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2021.107327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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30
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Subraveti SG, Roussanaly S, Anantharaman R, Riboldi L, Rajendran A. Techno-economic assessment of optimised vacuum swing adsorption for post-combustion CO2 capture from steam-methane reformer flue gas. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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31
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Fu C, Roussanaly S, Jordal K, Anantharaman R. Techno-Economic Analyses of the CaO/CaCO3 Post-Combustion CO2 Capture From NGCC Power Plants. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2020.596417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium looping is a post-combustion technology that enables CO2 capture from the flue gases of industrial processes. While considerable studies have been performed at various levels from fundamental reaction kinetics to the overall plant efficiency, research work on techno-economic analyses of the calcium looping processes is quite limited, particularly for the Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC). Earlier work has shown that theoretically, a high thermal efficiency can be obtained when integrating calcium looping in the NGCC using advanced process configurations and a synthetic CaO sorbent. This paper presents an investigation of calcium looping capture for the NGCC through a techno-economic study. One simple and one advanced calcium looping processes for CO2 capture from NGCC are evaluated. Detailed sizing of non-conventional equipment such as the carbonator/calciner and the solid-solid heat exchanger are performed for cost analyses. The study shows that the CO2 avoided cost is 86–95 €/tCO2, avoided, which is considerably more expensive than the reference amine (MEA) capture system (49 €/tCO2, avoided). The calcium looping processes considered have thus been found not to be competitive with the reference MEA process for CO2 capture from NGCC with the inputs assumed in this work. Significant improvements would be required, for example, in terms of equipment capital cost, plant efficiency and sorbent annual cost in order to be make the calcium looping technology more attractive for capturing CO2 from NGCC plants.
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32
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Biermann M, Montañés RM, Normann F, Johnsson F. Carbon Allocation in Multi-Product Steel Mills That Co‐process Biogenic and Fossil Feedstocks and Adopt Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage Technologies. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2020.596279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This work investigates the effects of carbon allocation on the emission intensities of low-carbon products cogenerated in facilities that co‐process biogenic and fossil feedstocks and apply the carbon capture utilization and storage technology. Thus, these plants simultaneously sequester CO2 and synthesize fuels or chemicals. We consider an integrated steel mill that injects biomass into the blast furnace, captures CO2 for storage, and ferments CO into ethanol from the blast furnace gas. We examine two schemes to allocate the CO2 emissions avoided [due to the renewable feedstock share (biomass) and CO2 capture and storage (CCS)] to the products of steel, ethanol, and electricity (generated through the combustion of steel mill waste gases): 1) allocation by (carbon) mass, which represents actual carbon flows, and 2) a free-choice attribution that maximizes the renewable content allocated to electricity and ethanol. With respect to the chosen assumptions on process performance and heat integration, we find that allocation by mass favors steel and is unlikely to yield an ethanol product that fulfills the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) biofuel criterion (65% emission reduction relative to a fossil comparator), even when using renewable electricity and applying CCS to the blast furnace gas prior to CO conversion into ethanol and electricity. In contrast, attribution fulfills the criterion and yields bioethanol for electricity grid intensities <180 gCO2/kWhel without CCS and yields bioethanol for grid intensities up to 800 gCO2/kWhel with CCS. The overall emissions savings are up to 27 and 47% in the near-term and long-term future, respectively. The choice of the allocation scheme greatly affects the emissions intensities of cogenerated products. Thus, the set of valid allocation schemes determines the extent of flexibility that manufacturers have in producing low-carbon products, which is relevant for industries whose product target sectors that value emissions differently. We recommend that policymakers consider the emerging relevance of co‐processing in nonrefining facilities. Provided there is no double-accounting of emissions, policies should contain a reasonable degree of freedom in the allocation of emissions savings to low-carbon products, so as to promote the sale of these savings, thereby making investments in mitigation technologies more attractive to stakeholders.
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Pérez-Calvo JF, Sutter D, Gazzani M, Mazzotti M. A methodology for the heuristic optimization of solvent-based CO2 capture processes when applied to new flue gas compositions: A case study of the Chilled Ammonia Process for capture in cement plants. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE: X 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cesx.2020.100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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CO2 Capture, Use, and Storage in the Cement Industry: State of the Art and Expectations. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13215692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of carbon capture, use, and storage in the cement industry is a necessity, not an option, if the climate targets are to be met. Although no capture technology has reached commercial scale demonstration in the cement sector yet, much progress has been made in the last decade. This work intends to provide a general overview of the CO2 capture technologies that have been evaluated so far in the cement industry at the pilot scale, and also about the current plans for future commercial demonstration.
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Choi JH, Jang JT, Yun SH, Jo WH, Lim SS, Park JH, Chun IS, Lee JH, Yoon YI. Efficient Removal of Ammonia by Hierarchically Porous Carbons from a CO 2Capture Process. Chem Eng Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Ho Choi
- Korea Institute of Energy Research Greenhouse Gas Research Laboratory Climate Change Research Division 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu 34129 Daejeon Korea
- Korea University Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering 145 Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu 02841 Seoul Korea
| | - Jong Tak Jang
- Korea Institute of Energy Research Greenhouse Gas Research Laboratory Climate Change Research Division 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu 34129 Daejeon Korea
| | - Soung Hee Yun
- Korea Institute of Energy Research Greenhouse Gas Research Laboratory Climate Change Research Division 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu 34129 Daejeon Korea
| | - Won Hee Jo
- Korea Institute of Energy Research Greenhouse Gas Research Laboratory Climate Change Research Division 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu 34129 Daejeon Korea
- Korea University Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering 145 Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu 02841 Seoul Korea
| | - Seong Seon Lim
- Korea Institute of Energy Research Greenhouse Gas Research Laboratory Climate Change Research Division 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu 34129 Daejeon Korea
- Korea University Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering 145 Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu 02841 Seoul Korea
| | - Joung Ho Park
- Korea Institute of Energy Research Greenhouse Gas Research Laboratory Climate Change Research Division 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu 34129 Daejeon Korea
| | - Il Soo Chun
- Korea Institute of Energy Research Greenhouse Gas Research Laboratory Climate Change Research Division 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu 34129 Daejeon Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Lee
- Korea University Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering 145 Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu 02841 Seoul Korea
| | - Yeo Il Yoon
- Korea Institute of Energy Research Greenhouse Gas Research Laboratory Climate Change Research Division 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu 34129 Daejeon Korea
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Energy Savings Associated with the Use of Fly Ash and Nanoadditives in the Cement Composition. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13092184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The paper presented herein investigates the effects of using supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in quaternary mixtures on the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of plain concrete. In addition, environmental benefits resulting from the proposed solutions were analysed. A total of four concrete mixtures were designed, having a constant water/binder ratio of 0.4 and total binder content of 352 kg/m3. The control mixture only contained ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as binder, whereas others incorporated quaternary mixtures of: OPC, fly ash (FA), silica fume (SF), and nanosilica (nS). Based on the obtained test results, it was found that concretes made on quaternary binders containing nanoadditives have very favorable mechanical parameters. The quaternary concrete containing: 80% OPC, 5% FA, 10% SF, and 5% nS have shown the best results in terms of good compressive strength and splitting tensile strength, whereas the worst mechanical parameters were characterized by concrete with more content of FA additive in the concrete mix, i.e., 15%. Moreover, the results of compressive strength and splitting tensile strength are qualitatively convergent. Furthermore, reducing the amount of OPC in the composition of the concrete mix in quaternary concretes causes environmental benefits associated with the reduction of: raw materials that are required for burning clinker, electricity, and heat energy in the production of cement.
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Panzone C, Philippe R, Chappaz A, Fongarland P, Bengaouer A. Power-to-Liquid catalytic CO2 valorization into fuels and chemicals: focus on the Fischer-Tropsch route. J CO2 UTIL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Enhancement of sintering resistance of CaO-based sorbents using industrial waste resources for Ca-looping in the cement industry. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Techno-economic comparison of three technologies for pre-combustion CO2 capture from a lignite-fired IGCC. Front Chem Sci Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-019-1870-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Toward electrochemical synthesis of cement-An electrolyzer-based process for decarbonating CaCO 3 while producing useful gas streams. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 117:12584-12591. [PMID: 31527245 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1821673116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cement production is currently the largest single industrial emitter of CO2, accounting for ∼8% (2.8 Gtons/y) of global CO2 emissions. Deep decarbonization of cement manufacturing will require remediation of both the CO2 emissions due to the decomposition of CaCO3 to CaO and that due to combustion of fossil fuels (primarily coal) in calcining (∼900 °C) and sintering (∼1,450 °C). Here, we demonstrate an electrochemical process that uses neutral water electrolysis to produce a pH gradient in which CaCO3 is decarbonated at low pH and Ca(OH)2 is precipitated at high pH, concurrently producing a high-purity O2/CO2 gas mixture (1:2 molar ratio at stoichiometric operation) at the anode and H2 at the cathode. We show that the solid Ca(OH)2 product readily decomposes and reacts with SiO2 to form alite, the majority cementitious phase in Portland cement. Electrochemical calcination produces concentrated gas streams from which CO2 may be readily separated and sequestered, H2 and/or O2 may be used to generate electric power via fuel cells or combustors, O2 may be used as a component of oxyfuel in the cement kiln to improve efficiency and lower CO2 emissions, or the output gases may be used for other value-added processes such as liquid fuel production. Analysis shows that if the hydrogen produced by the reactor were combusted to heat the high-temperature kiln, the electrochemical cement process could be powered solely by renewable electricity.
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Fernandez JR, Turrado S, Abanades JC. Calcination kinetics of cement raw meals under various CO 2 concentrations. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00361d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The calcium looping CO2 capture process, CaL, represents a promising option for the decarbonisation of cement plants, due to the intrinsic benefit of using the spent CO2 sorbent as a feedstock for the plant.
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