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Ortiz Restrepo SA, Adams A. Fast quantification of water content in glycols by compact 1H NMR spectroscopy. Talanta 2023; 253:123973. [PMID: 36206628 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycols are key chemicals for many applications in different fields of activities. Being highly hydroscopic, glycols contain usually water. The presence of water, even in tiny amounts, can affect their chemical and physical properties. Therefore, the accurate determination of water content is essential for any intended applications. In this context, a novel method using low-field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is introduced. The proposed approach offers a straightforward, fast, low-cost, and versatile solution for water quantification in glycols without the need for reagents or calibration data. It is demonstrated by quantifying the water concentration up to 11 wt% in aqueous ethylene glycol (EG) and triethylene glycol (TEG) mixtures with the help of lineshape analysis of the corresponding proton spectra. The limit of detection, achieved within 1 min of measuring time, was 0.05 wt% for water in EG and 0.15 wt% in TEG. The excellent agreement between the NMR results and those from the Karl-Fischer titration indicates that the proposed NMR-based approach has a great potential to be used as an alternative to the Karl-Fischer method. In addition, it is expected that the same methodology can be applied for water quantification in more complex glycolic solutions and other mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alina Adams
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, Aachen, 52056, Germany.
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Badr MM, Keshawy M, El‐mesallamy SM, Ibrahim FA, El‐Shafie M, Hasan AMA. Physicochemical Studies on the Effect of Hexamine Addition and Ratio on the Properties of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber Composites. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magd M. Badr
- Polymer Laboratory Petrochemical Department Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Cairo, Postal Code 11727 Egypt
| | - Mohamed Keshawy
- Petroleum Applications Department Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Cairo, Postal Code 11727 Egypt
| | - Salwa M. El‐mesallamy
- Polymer Laboratory Petrochemical Department Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Cairo, Postal Code 11727 Egypt
| | - F. A. Ibrahim
- Department of Physics Faculty of Science Al-Arish University Al-Arish Egypt
| | - M. El‐Shafie
- Petroleum Applications Department Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Cairo, Postal Code 11727 Egypt
| | - Abdulrahiem M. A. Hasan
- Petroleum Applications Department Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Cairo, Postal Code 11727 Egypt
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Duan X, Yu J, Zhu Y, Zheng Z, Liao Q, Xiao Y, Li Y, He Z, Zhao Y, Wang H, Qu L. Large-Scale Spinning Approach to Engineering Knittable Hydrogel Fiber for Soft Robots. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14929-14938. [PMID: 33073577 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to impart responsiveness to environmental stimuli in artificial hydrogel fibers are crucial to intelligent, shape-memory electronics and weavable soft robots. However, owing to the vulnerable mechanical property, poor processability, and the dearth of scalable assembly protocols, such functional hydrogel fibers are still far from practical usage. Herein, we demonstrate an approach toward the continuous fabrication of an electro-responsive hydrogel fiber by using the self-lubricated spinning (SLS) strategy. The polyelectrolyte inside the hydrogel fiber endows it with a fast electro-response property. After solvent exchange with triethylene glycol (TEG), the maximum tensile strength of the hydrogel fiber increases from 114 kPa to 5.6 MPa, far superior to those hydrogel fiber-based actuators reported previously. Consequently, the flexible and mechanical stable hydrogel fiber is knitted into various complex geometries on demand such as a crochet flower, triple knot, thread tube, pentagram, and hollow cage. Additionally, the electrochemical-responsive ionic hydrogel fiber is capable of acting as soft robots underwater to mimic biological motions, such as Mobula-like flapping, jellyfish-mimicking grabbing, sea worm-mimicking multi-degree of freedom movements, and human finger-like smart gesturing. This work not only demonstrates an example for the large-scale production of previous infeasible hydrogel fibers, but also provides a solution for the rational design and fabrication of hydrogel woven intelligent devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihua Liao
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemistry & Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yukun Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zipan He
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaping Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangti Qu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemistry & Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
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