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Gas–solid flow characteristics of fluidized bed with binary particles. POWDER TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.118206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Zero-Waste Watermelon Production through Nontraditional Rind Flour: Multiobjective Optimization of the Fabrication Process. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10101984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Watermelon is a fruit produced around the world. Unfortunately, about half of it—the rind—is usually discarded as waste. To transform such waste into a useful product like flour, a thermal treatment is needed. The drying temperature for the rind that produces flour with the best characteristics is most important. A multiobjective optimization (MOO) procedure was applied to define the optimum drying temperature for the rind flour fabrication to be used in bakery products. A neural network model of the fabrication process was developed with the drying temperature as input and five process indicators as outputs. The group of process indicators comprised acidity, pH, water-holding capacity (WHC), oil-holding capacity (OHC), and batch time. Those indicators represent conflicting objectives that are to be balanced by the MOO procedure using the weighted distance method. The MOO process showed that the temperature interval from 67.3 °C to 73.1 °C holds the compromise solutions for the conflicting indicators based on the stakeholder’s preferences. Optimum indicator were 0.12–0.19 g malic acid/100 g dwb (acidity), 5.7–5.8 (pH), 8.93–9.08 g H2O/g dwb (WHC), 1.46–1.56 g oil/g dwb (OHC), and 128–139 min (drying time).
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Study on the Uniformity of Secondary Air of a 660 MW Ultra-Supercritical CFB Boiler. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15103604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Based on the field test of a 600 MW supercritical circulating-fluidized bed boiler, this paper optimizes the secondary air pipe layout scheme of a 660 MW ultra-supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler with a similar furnace structure and carried out a numerical simulation on its air distribution uniformity. The secondary air box of the 660 MW ultra-supercritical circulating-fluidized bed boiler adopts a variable section design, and the secondary air branch pipe adopts a separate air inlet mode. The experimental results showed that the oxygen concentration was uniform near the rear wall, but all exhibited a “decrease–increase–decrease” profile along the horizontal line, which indicated that the trajectory of the secondary air jet was first in the shape of bending downward and then upward. To achieve a more uniform secondary air distribution for supercritical CFB boilers, further optimization of the layout of the bellows and branch pipes should be considered. Numerical results showed that the deviation rate of the internal and lower secondary air reached 17%, and there was optimization space for the secondary air branch pipe layout of the boiler. Its uniformity can be increased by adding valves and other measures. The velocity deviation of the secondary air of the 660 MW ultra-supercritical circulating-fluidized bed boiler can be within 3% by means of separate air supply and pipe diameter change, and better uniform air supply can be achieved to reduce the speed deviation by adding valves and adjusting the combustion.
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Asif Z, Chen Z, Wang H, Zhu Y. Update on air pollution control strategies for coal-fired power plants. CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY 2022; 24:2329-2347. [PMID: 35572480 PMCID: PMC9075710 DOI: 10.1007/s10098-022-02328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Coal is expected to remain a significant power supply source worldwide and shifting to carbon-neutral fuels will be challenging because of growing electricity demand and booming industrialization. At the same time, coal consumption results in severe air pollution and health concerns. Improvement in emission control technologies is a key to improving air quality in coal power plants. Many scientists reported removing air pollutants individually via conventional control methods. However, controlling multiple pollutants combinedly using the latest techniques is rarely examined. Therefore, this paper overviews the current and advanced physical technologies to control multi-air pollutants synergistically, including carbon control technologies. Also, the paper aims to examine how potential air pollutants (e.g., PM2.5, SO2, NOx, CO2), including mercury from the coal-fired power plants, cause environmental impacts. The data synthesis shows that coal quality is the most significant factor for increasing air emissions, regardless of power plant capacity. It is found that selecting techniques is critical for new and retrofitted plants depending on the aging of a power plant and other socio-economic factors. Considering the future perspective, this paper discusses possible pathways to transform from linear to a circular economy in a coal power plant sector, such as utilizing energy losses through energy-efficient processes and reuse of syngas. The article provides an in-depth analysis of advanced cost-effective techniques that would help to control the air pollution level. Additionally, a life cycle assessment-based decision-making framework is proposed that would assist the stakeholders in achieving net-zero emissions and offset the financial burden for air pollution control in coal-fired power plants. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10098-022-02328-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunaira Asif
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8 Canada
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8 Canada
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023 Henan China
| | - Yinyin Zhu
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8 Canada
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Experimental Investigation of SO2 Removal from Flue Gases by Cleaning with Solution of Lime Suspension and Formic Acid. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10030537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The experimental investigation presented in this research was performed in order to examine the possibility of the removal of SO2 from flue gases by cleaning with a solution of lime suspension and formic acid (Ca(OH)2 and HCOOH). Research was conducted in a laboratory plant (rotary kiln) of 44 kW. The mass of the lime suspension (LS) was 400 g. The mass of the LS was homogenized (mixed) in a sample cup with 2 g (0.5%), 4 g (1%) and 8 g (2%) of 60% formic acid. The solution was placed in a gas washing bottle, where a partial flow of flue gas generated by the combustion of diesel fuel was injected. Simultaneously with the diesel fuel combustion, SO2 from a bottle was injected in a rotary kiln. The average mass concentration of SO2 in the flue gas at the entry point of the gas washing bottle was around 2900 ppm. The results indicated that the absorption of SO2 by the cleaning of flue gas with LS was 96.83%. Adding formic acid to the LS in mass ratios of 0.5% (2 g), 1% (4 g) and 2% (8 g) resulted in absorptions of 99.25%, 98.77% and 98%, respectively. The absorption of flue gases in the gas washing bottle with LS, with the addition of formic acid in the mentioned ratios, showed a reduction in sulfates and pH value, and a rise in sulfides and calcium, respectively.
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Deng Y, Seville JPK, Bell SD, Ingram A, Zhang H, Sweygers N, Dewil R, Baeyens J, Appels L. Reviewing Fundamental CO2 Adsorption Characteristics of Zeolite and Activated Carbon by In-situ Measurements With Radioactively Labelled CO2. SEPARATION & PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2021.1934699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Deng
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | | | - Sarah Dawn Bell
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew Ingram
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Huili Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Nick Sweygers
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Raf Dewil
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Jan Baeyens
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center of Smart Matter Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Lise Appels
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
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Zhou Y, Liu S, Liu Y, Tan X, Liu N, Wen J. Efficient Removal 17-Estradiol by Graphene-Like Magnetic Sawdust Biochar: Preparation Condition and Adsorption Mechanism. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228377. [PMID: 33198330 PMCID: PMC7696789 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in aquatic environments has caused extensive concern. Graphene-like magnetic sawdust biochar was synthesized using potassium ferrate (K2FeO4) to make activated sawdust biochar and applied for the removal of 17-estradiol (E2). The characterization showed that the surface morphology of five graphene-like magnetic sawdust biochars prepared with different preparation conditions were quite different. The specific surface area and pore structure increased with the increment of K2FeO4 addition. The results have shown that graphene-like magnetic sawdust biochar (1:1/900 °C) had the best removal on E2. The experimental results indicated that pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the Langmuir model could describe the adsorption process well, in which the equilibrium adsorption capacity (qe,1) of 1:1/900 °C were 59.18 mg·g−1 obtained from pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 1:1/900 °C were 133.45 mg·g−1 obtained from Langmuir model at 298K. At the same time, lower temperatures, the presence of humic acid (HA), and the presence of NaCl could be regulated to change the adsorption reaction in order to remove E2. Adsorption capacity was decreased with the increase of solution pH because pH value not only changed the surface charge of graphene-like magnetic sawdust biochar, but also affected the E2 in the water. The possible adsorption mechanism for E2 adsorption on graphene-like magnetic sawdust biochar was multifaceted, involving chemical adsorption and physical absorption, such as H-bonding, π-π interactions, micropore filling effects, and electrostatic interaction. To sum up, graphene-like magnetic sawdust biochar was found to be a promising absorbent for E2 removal from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; (Y.Z.); (X.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Shaobo Liu
- College of Architecture and Art, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yunguo Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; (Y.Z.); (X.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaofei Tan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; (Y.Z.); (X.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ni Liu
- School of Tourism Management, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha 410205, China;
| | - Jun Wen
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China;
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Wei X, Zhu J. A Comprehensive Characterization of Aggregative Flow in a Circulating Fluidized Bed (2): High-Density Downer. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b06615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Wei
- Particle Technology Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9
| | - Jesse Zhu
- Particle Technology Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9
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Wei X, Zhu J. A Comprehensive Characterization of Aggregative Flow in a Circulating Fluidized Bed (1): High-Density Riser. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b06616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Wei
- Particle Technology Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9
| | - Jesse Zhu
- Particle Technology Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9
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Li S, Liu J, Tan T, Nie J, Zhang H. Optimization of LiNO 3-Mg(OH) 2 composites as thermo-chemical energy storage materials. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 262:110258. [PMID: 32250777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, the substitution of fossil fuel by renewable energy sources is increasingly important. Matching energy supply and demand is however required, even more so if intermittent renewable energy sources are employed. Thermal energy storage then offers significant advantages. Thermo-chemical energy storage systems, using reversible reactions, have a high reaction enthalpy that exceeds the storage capacities of sensible and latent heat modes. Magnesium hydroxide is a candidate TCES material for such a system at temperature around 300 °C, and adaptable when doping Mg(OH)2 with metal salts. Both pure Mg(OH)2 and its composites with 1, 3, 6 and 10 wt% LiNO3 are studied. The present work validates this TCES process and develops reaction rate equations needed for its design. The LiNO3-doping significantly reduces the onset temperature of dehydration. For pure Mg(OH)2, the temperature is 325 °C. It is reduced to 289 °C when 1 wt% LiNO3 is present, and further reduced to 269 °C at a dosage of 10 wt% LiNO3. Whereas the dehydration of pure Mg(OH)2 is slow, with a rate constant k of 1.72 10-5 s-1 at 300 °C, adding increasing amounts of LiNO3 progressively increases the reaction rate constant to ~10-2 s-1 at 300 °C when 10 wt% LiNO3 is present. The kinetic expressions enable to predict the conversion yield and amount of heat stored or released for any desired temperature and selected duration of the heat-induced dehydration. LiNO3- doped Mg(OH)2 have a high potential in TCES applications when the heat source is available at temperatures between 250 and 400 °C, since the equilibrium temperature and the extent of de-hydration Mg(OH)2 can be tuned to the required temperature range by adding different wt% of LiNO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15# Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Jia Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15# Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15# Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Tianwei Tan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15# Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Jiapei Nie
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15# Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Huili Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15# Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
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