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Guillaume A, Appels L, Kočí V. Life cycle assessment of municipal biowaste management - a Czech case study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 339:117894. [PMID: 37058926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
As part of coming targets to transition to a sustainable society and actively set a circular economy, one of the EU objectives is to decrease the amount of municipal solid waste and initiate the separation of its organic fraction, i.e., biowaste. Consequently, the question of how to best manage biowaste at the municipal level is of high importance, and previous research has shown the strong influence of local factors on the most sustainable treatment option. Life Cycle Assessment is a valuable tool for comparison of waste management impacts and was used to assess environmental impacts of the current biowaste management in Prague and give insight for improvements. Different scenarios were created regarding EU and Czech biowaste targets for separated collection. Results show the significant influence of the source of energy that is substituted. Consequently, in the current situation of an energy mix highly based on fossil fuels, incineration is the most sustainable option in most impact categories. However, community composting was found to have a better potential to reduce ecotoxicity and resource use of minerals and metals. Furthermore, it could supply a significant proportion of the minerals need of the region while increasing the autonomy of the Czech Republic regarding mineral fertilisers. To meet targets of EU directives for separated collection of biowaste, a combination of anaerobic digestion, to avoid use of fossil fuels, and composting, to increase circular economy, is most likely the best option. The outputs of this project would be of great significance for municipalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Guillaume
- Department of Product Ecology and Sustainability, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Dejvice, 166 28, Prague, 6, Czech Republic; KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, Jan Pieter De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
| | - Lise Appels
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, Jan Pieter De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Vladimír Kočí
- Department of Product Ecology and Sustainability, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Dejvice, 166 28, Prague, 6, Czech Republic; Department of Design, Faculty of Architecture, Czech Technical University Prague, Thákurova 9, 166 34, Praha 6, Dejvice, Czech Republic
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2
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Seesanong S, Seangarun C, Boonchom B, Phutphat S, Rungrojchaipon P, Montri N, Thompho S, Boonmee W, Laohavisuti N. Efficient, Green, and Low-Cost Conversion of Bivalve-Shell Wastes to Value-Added Calcium Lactate. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:27044-27055. [PMID: 37546588 PMCID: PMC10398687 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the efficient, green, and low-cost preparation of calcium lactate by using bivalve-shell wastes (cockle, mussel, and oyster shells) as raw materials. Three bivalve shells, a cockle, mussel, and oyster, were used separately as an alternative calcium-source material for the preparation of calcium lactate. The bivalve-shell waste was cleaned and milled, obtaining calcium carbonate (CaCO3) powder, which reacted to the lactic acid, forming calcium lactate. The effects of different calcium sources (cockle, mussel, and oyster) and different lactic acid concentrations (6, 8, and 10 mol/L) on the physicochemical properties of the synthesized calcium lactates were then investigated. The results pointed out that the highest solubility of the product was observed when 6 mol/L lactic acid and cockle-shell derived CaCO3 were employed for the calcium lactate preparation. The thermal decompositions of all calcium lactates occurred in three processes: dehydration, ethyl-lactate elimination, and decarbonization, respectively. The results, obtained from an infrared spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, thermogravimetric analyzer, and scanning electron microscope, confirmed the formation of calcium lactate pentahydrate (Ca(CH3CHOHCOO)2·5H2O). The diffractograms also indicated the presence of two enantiomers of Ca(CH3CHOHCOO)2·5H2O, namely, of dl- and l-enantiomers, which depended on the lactic acid concentration used in the preparation process. The morphologies of calcium lactates show the firewood-like crystals in different microsizes, together with smaller irregular crystals. In summary, this work reports an effective process to prepare the valuable calcium lactates by using the cheap bivalve-shell-derived CaCO3 as a renewable calcium source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somkiat Seesanong
- Office
of Administrative Interdisciplinary Program on Agricultural Technology,
School of Agricultural Technology, King
Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Chaowared Seangarun
- Material
Science for Environmental Sustainability Research Unit, School of
Science, King Mongkut’s Institute
of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Banjong Boonchom
- Material
Science for Environmental Sustainability Research Unit, School of
Science, King Mongkut’s Institute
of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
- Municipal
Waste and Wastewater Management Learning Center, School of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, King Mongkut’s
Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Sudjai Phutphat
- Scientific
Instruments Center, School of Science, King
Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Pesak Rungrojchaipon
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, King Mongkut’s
Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Nattaya Montri
- Department
of Plant Production Technology, School of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Somphob Thompho
- Pharmaceutical
Research Instrument Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Wimonmat Boonmee
- Department
of Biology, School of Science, King Mongkut’s
Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Nongnuch Laohavisuti
- Department
of Animal Production Technology and Fishery, School of Agricultural
Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute
of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
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3
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Emran MY, Miran W, Gomaa H, Ibrahim I, Belessiotis GV, Abdelwahab AA, Othman MB. Biowaste Materials for Advanced Biodegradable Packaging Technology. HANDBOOK OF BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS 2023:861-897. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-09710-2_46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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4
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Mousavi SM, Hashemi SA, Yari Kalashgrani M, Kurniawan D, Gholami A, Chiang WH. Bioresource-Functionalized Quantum Dots for Energy Generation and Storage: Recent Advances and Feature Perspective. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3905. [PMID: 36364683 PMCID: PMC9658778 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The exponential increase in global energy demand in daily life prompts us to search for a bioresource for energy production and storage. Therefore, in developing countries with large populations, there is a need for alternative energy resources to compensate for the energy deficit in an environmentally friendly way and to be independent in their energy demands. The objective of this review article is to compile and evaluate the progress in the development of quantum dots (QDs) for energy generation and storage. Therefore, this article discusses the energy scenario by presenting the basic concepts and advances of various solar cells, providing an overview of energy storage systems (supercapacitors and batteries), and highlighting the research progress to date and future opportunities. This exploratory study will examine the systematic and sequential advances in all three generations of solar cells, namely perovskite solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, Si cells, and thin-film solar cells. The discussion will focus on the development of novel QDs that are economical, efficient, and stable. In addition, the current status of high-performance devices for each technology will be discussed in detail. Finally, the prospects, opportunities for improvement, and future trends in the development of cost-effective and efficient QDs for solar cells and storage from biological resources will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei City 106335, Taiwan
| | - Seyyed Alireza Hashemi
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | | | - Darwin Kurniawan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei City 106335, Taiwan
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz 71468-64685, Iran
| | - Wei-Hung Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei City 106335, Taiwan
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5
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Gebreeyessus GD. Towards the sustainable and circular bioeconomy: Insights on spent coffee grounds valorization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155113. [PMID: 35427619 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Discovered in Ethiopia, coffee became a popular beverage in Asia, Europe, Latin America, Australia, Africa and the North America as a drink after water and the largest goods after petroleum. However, the coffee industry generates a huge biomass as its byproducts of which the spent coffee grounds (SCG) is concerning, especially in the production chain away from the farm. Therefore, the valorization and revalorization of the SCG has a huge impact on the socioeconomic and environmental sustainability of the industry, up to the realization of the circular bioeconomy. With the advancing biorefinery concept, even an almost complete recovery of the SCG is reported at an experimental level. Such kind of studies increased with time following the action of the Sustainable Development Goals by the United Nations Development Program promulgated in 2015. The current review highlights on the background, socioeconomic, environmental contexts of coffee production and the SCG valorization and revalorization studies. Refereeing to 154 screened articles published in over 30 years' time, the SCG revalorization efforts and its integrated biorefinery as a green management approach are uniquely addressed. Plenty of studies have reported the production of bio-products from the SCG, such as the derivation of adsorbents, biochar, bioethanol, biogas, biodiesel, bio-oil, compost, construction material aggregates, cosmetics, electricity and food ingredients. In conclusion, the recovery potential of the SCG is promising and can substantially contribute to a sustainable and green bioeconomy. Nevertheless, the recovery of bioactive materials through SCG fermentation is still lacking. Most studies are conducted on a lab scale, which needs to be piloted and commissioned. Furthermore, the link between climate change and variability vis-à-vis the sustainable management of the SCG remains unaddressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getachew Dagnew Gebreeyessus
- Department of Urban Environmental Management, Kotebe University of Education, P.O. Box 31248, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Africa Center of Excellence for Water Management at Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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6
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Seesanong S, Wongchompoo Y, Boonchom B, Sronsri C, Laohavisuti N, Chaiseeda K, Boonmee W. Economical and Environmentally Friendly Track of Biowaste Recycling of Scallop Shells to Calcium Lactate. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:14756-14764. [PMID: 35557685 PMCID: PMC9088930 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The scallop shell waste (Pectinidae, one of saltwater clams) was used as a raw material (precursor) to prepare calcium lactate (Ca(C2H4OHCOO)2), and the physicochemical properties of scallop-derived calcium lactate were then investigated. The scallop waste was first ground to obtain calcium carbonate (CaCO3) powder, and the calcium lactate compounds were successfully synthesized by the reactions between shell-derived CaCO3 and lactic acid (C2H4OHCOOH). The short preparation time, high percentage yield, and low-cost production are the preferred manners, and, in this research, it was the reaction of 70 wt % lactic acid and scallop-derived CaCO3. The thermal decompositions of both CaCO3 precursor and all prepared calcium lactates resulted in the formation of calcium oxide (CaO), which is widely used as a catalyst for biodiesel production. By comparing with the literature, the results obtained from the characterization instruments (infrared spectrophotometer, X-ray diffractometer, thermogravimetric analyzer, and scanning electron microscope) confirmed the formation and crystal structure of both CaCO3 and its calcium lactate product. The morphologies of calcium lactate show different sizes depending on the acid concentration used in the reaction process. Consequently, this work reports an easy, uncomplicated, low-cost technique to change the cheap calcium compound product (scallop CaCO3) derived from shellfish waste to the valuable compound (calcium lactate), which can be used in many industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somkiat Seesanong
- Department
of Plant Production Technology, School of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Yok Wongchompoo
- Material
Science for Environmental Sustainability Research Unit, School of
Science, King Mongkut’s Institute
of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
- Municipal
Waste and Wastewater Management Learning Center, School of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Banjong Boonchom
- Material
Science for Environmental Sustainability Research Unit, School of
Science, King Mongkut’s Institute
of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
- Municipal
Waste and Wastewater Management Learning Center, School of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Chuchai Sronsri
- Material
Science for Environmental Sustainability Research Unit, School of
Science, King Mongkut’s Institute
of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Nongnuch Laohavisuti
- Department
of Animal Production Technology and Fishery, School of Agricultural
Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute
of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Kittichai Chaiseeda
- Organic
Synthesis, Electrochemistry and Natural Product Research Unit (OSEN),
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Wimonmat Boonmee
- Department
of Biology, School of Science, King Mongkut’s
Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
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7
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Emran MY, Miran W, Gomaa H, Ibrahim I, Belessiotis GV, Abdelwahab AA, Othman MB. Biowaste Materials for Advanced Biodegradable Packaging Technology. HANDBOOK OF BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS 2022:1-37. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-83783-9_46-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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8
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Odour Nuisance at Municipal Waste Biogas Plants and the Effect of Feedstock Modification on the Circular Economy—A Review. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14206470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The increase in the amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated, among other places, in households is a result of the growing population, economic development, as well as the urbanisation of areas with accompanying insufficiently effective measures to minimise waste generation. There are many methods for treating municipal waste, with the common goal of minimising environmental degradation and maximising resource recovery. Biodegradable waste, including selectively collected biowaste (BW), also plays an essential role in the concept of the circular economy (CE), which maximises the proportion of waste that can be returned to the system through organic recycling and energy recovery. Methane fermentation is a waste treatment process that is an excellent fit for the CE, both technically, economically, and environmentally. This study aims to analyse and evaluate the problem of odour nuisance in municipal waste biogas plants (MWBPs) and the impact of the feedstock (organic fraction of MSW-OFMSW and BW) on this nuisance in the context of CE assumptions. A literature review on the subject was carried out, including the results of our own studies, showing the odour nuisance and emissions from MWBPs processing both mixed MSW and selectively collected BW. The odour nuisance of MWBPs varies greatly. Odour problems should be considered regarding particular stages of the technological line. They are especially seen at the stages of waste storage, fermentation preparation, and digestate dewatering. At examined Polish MWBPs cod ranged from 4 to 78 ou/m3 for fermentation preparation and from 8 to 448 ou/m3 for digestate dewatering. The conclusions drawn from the literature review indicate both the difficulties and benefits that can be expected with the change in the operation of MWBPs because of the implementation of CE principles.
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Mili M, Jaiswal A, Hada V, Sagiri SS, Pal K, Chowdhary R, Malik R, Gupta RS, Gupta MK, Chourasia JP, Hashmi S, Rathore SKS, Srivastava AK, Verma S. Development of Graphene Quantum Dots by Valorizing the Bioresources – A Critical Review. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Medha Mili
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Near Habibganj Naka, Hoshangabad Road Bhopal MP 462 026 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad (U.P.) 201002 India
| | - Ayushi Jaiswal
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Near Habibganj Naka, Hoshangabad Road Bhopal MP 462 026 India
| | - Vaishnavi Hada
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Near Habibganj Naka, Hoshangabad Road Bhopal MP 462 026 India
| | - Sai S. Sagiri
- Institute of Postharvest and Food Sciences Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center Rishon LeZion 7528809 Israel
| | - Kunal Pal
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela India
| | - Rashmi Chowdhary
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bhopal, M.P 462020 India
| | - Rajesh Malik
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bhopal, M.P 462020 India
| | - Radha S. Gupta
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bhopal, M.P 462020 India
| | - Manoj K. Gupta
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Near Habibganj Naka, Hoshangabad Road Bhopal MP 462 026 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad (U.P.) 201002 India
| | - Jamana P. Chourasia
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Near Habibganj Naka, Hoshangabad Road Bhopal MP 462 026 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad (U.P.) 201002 India
| | - Sar Hashmi
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Near Habibganj Naka, Hoshangabad Road Bhopal MP 462 026 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad (U.P.) 201002 India
| | - Sanjai K. S. Rathore
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Near Habibganj Naka, Hoshangabad Road Bhopal MP 462 026 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad (U.P.) 201002 India
| | - Avanish K. Srivastava
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Near Habibganj Naka, Hoshangabad Road Bhopal MP 462 026 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad (U.P.) 201002 India
| | - Sarika Verma
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Near Habibganj Naka, Hoshangabad Road Bhopal MP 462 026 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad (U.P.) 201002 India
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Rajendran N, Gurunathan B, Han J, Krishna S, Ananth A, Venugopal K, Sherly Priyanka RB. Recent advances in valorization of organic municipal waste into energy using biorefinery approach, environment and economic analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125498. [PMID: 34320774 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Researcher's all around works on a copious technique to lessen waste production and superintend the waste management for long-term socio-economic and environmental benefits. Value-added products can be produced from municipal waste by using holistic and integrated approaches. In this review, a detail about the superiority of the different methods like anaerobic digestion, biofuel production, incineration, pyrolysis and gasification were used for the conversion of municipal waste to feedstock for alternate energy and its economic- environmental impacts were consolidated. Most conversion techniques were environmentally friendly to manage municipal waste. The biological process was more economically feasible compare to the thermal process, for the reason thermal process required a large amount of capital investment and energy utilization. In the thermal process, gasification shows low emission, and pyrolysis shows low capital investment and economically feasible compare to other thermal processes. Waste to energy technology significantly reduced the emission and energy demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveenkumar Rajendran
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai 600119, India; School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Baskar Gurunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai 600119, India.
| | - Jeehoon Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 54896, Republic of Korea; School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Saraswathi Krishna
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, Kancheepuram 603308, India
| | - A Ananth
- Department of Microbiology, Srinivasan College of Arts and Science, Perambalur 621212, India
| | - K Venugopal
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, Kancheepuram 603308, India
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Environmental Impact Evaluation of Current Municipal Solid Waste Treatments in India Using Life Cycle Assessment. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14113133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
An environmental life cycle assessment was conducted to compare proposed municipal solid waste treatment systems with the existing system in Visakhapatnam, India. Five waste alternative treatment systems, including open dumping of municipal solid waste (S1), landfill without gas recovery [LFWGR] (S2), landfill with gas recovery (S3), anaerobic digestion + LFWGR (S4), and incineration + LFWGR (S5). EASETECHTM was considered for assessment using ReCiPE Midpoint (Heuristic) world environmental impact assessment method. Global warming potential (GWP), terrestrial acidification (TA), freshwater eutrophication (FEW), marine water eutrophication (ME), human toxicity (HTP), terrestrial ecotoxicity (TE), freshwater ecotoxicity (FWT), and marine ecotoxicity (MET) impacts were determined for each option. The existing MSW disposal practice in Visakhapatnam city (baseline scenario, S1) has the highest GWP (1107 kg CO2 eq.), which can potentially be reduced to 68.2%, 81.5%, 98.2%, and 94.5% by alternative waste management scenarios S2, S3, S4 and S5, respectively. Scenario S4, involving the use of anaerobic digestion of food waste and residues dumped in engineered landfill without energy recovery was found to be the option with the highest mitigation potential of most of the impacts, and it contributes to significant environmental benefits in terms of ecological footprints in a low-income country such as India. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to confirm the reasonable legitimacy of data used for the determination of the impacts.
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12
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Enhanced Biogas Production by Ligninolytic Strain Enterobacter hormaechei KA3 for Anaerobic Digestion of Corn Straw. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14112990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lignin-feeding insect gut is a natural ligninolytic microbial bank for the sustainable conversion of crop straw to biogas. However, limited studies have been done on highly efficient microbes. Here, an efficient ligninolytic strain Enterobacter hormaechei KA3 was isolated from the gut microbiomes of lignin-feeding Hypomeces squamosus Fabricius, and its effects on lignin degradation and anaerobic digestion were investigated. No research has been reported. Results showed that strain KA3 had better lignin-degrading ability for corn straw with a higher lignin-degrading rate (32.05%) and lignin peroxidase activity (585.2 U/L). Furthermore, the highest cumulative biogas yield (59.19 L/kg-VS) and methane yield (14.76 L/kg-VS) were obtained for KA3 inoculation, which increased by 20% and 31%, respectively, compared to CK. Higher removal rates of COD, TS, and vs. of 41.6%, 43.11%, and 66.59% were also found. Moreover, microbial community diversity increased as digestion time prolonged in TG, and bacteria were more diverse than archaea. The dominant genus taxon, for methanogens, was Methanosate in TG, while in CK was Methanosarcina. For bacteria, dominant taxa were similar for all groups, which were Solibacillus and Clostridium. Therefore, strain KA3 improved the methane conversion of the substrate. This study could provide a new microbial resource and practical application base for lignin degradation.
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13
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Lignocellulose Biomass as a Multifunctional Tool for Sustainable Catalysis and Chemicals: An Overview. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, the theme of environmental preservation plays an important role within the activities of the scientific community and influences the choices of politics and the common population. In this context, the use of non-fossil substances should be promoted for different reasons: to avoid the depletion and damage of the areas involved in the fossil fuel extraction, decrease the impact of emissions/by-products related to the industrial transformation of fossil-based products and possibly exploit residual biomasses as sources of carbon. This latter aspect also can be viewed as a way to revalorize lignocellulose waste, generally destined to dump as putrescible matter or to be incinerated. In this review, we are aiming to present a concise overview of the multiple functions of lignocellulose biomass in the broad field of catalysis for a sustainable development. The originality of the approach is considering the lignocellulose-derived matter in three different aspects: (i) as a precursor to convert into platform molecules, (ii) as an active material (i.e., humic-like substances as photosensitizers) and (iii) as a green support for catalytic applications. We find that this perspective can widen the awareness level of scientists involved in the catalysis field for the exploitation of residual biomass as a valuable and complementary resource.
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14
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15
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Emission and Neutralization of Methane from a Municipal Landfill-Parametric Analysis. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13236254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An attempt was made to estimate the annual production of CH4 at a municipal waste landfill site in Poland. As a matter of fact, the extent of the unorganized emission of CH4 from the landfill surface was approached based on the adopted mathematical model. The Ward agglomeration method for cluster analysis and the Pearson coefficient were employed to evaluate the distance-based similarity measure and to optimize methods for estimating methane emissions from a landfill as well as to verify the input parameters for the model. In order to calculate the content of biodegradable organic parts in the waste, morphological tests of the landfilled waste were performed. Physical quantities, measurements and the actual amount of the landfilled waste as well as the volume of CH4 neutralized in a collective flare were implemented in the model, respectively. The model-based findings and experimental outcome demonstrated stable gas production in the landfill with a high CH4 content. On the other hand, a rather low efficiency of the landfill passive degassing installation indicated the necessity to design and develop its active counterpart with the prospective application of the generated biogas for energy production in a cogeneration system.
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The Circular Economy and Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Strategies. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13174366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Densely populated areas with large incoming populations have difficulty achieving high separate collection rates of municipal solid waste. The manuscript analyzes the link between biowaste collection and circular economy requirements as a fulfilment of the recycling rates and using biogas as a sustainable energy source. Three biowaste collection scenarios and three technical scenarios for its treatment are considered. The first scenario assumes only composting for biowaste treatment, the next includes also anaerobic digestion. In the years 2020–2050, the separate biowaste collection level will increase, depending on the scenario, from 26.9 kg/inh. up to 148.1kg/inh. By 2030, the quantity of biogas generated from biowaste can grow to almost 9 million m3/year, enabling the production of renewable energy at annual levels of almost 17 GWh and 69 TJ. Using the third scenario, the quantity of biogas generated grows more than twice (in 2035). If the capture rate of biowaste increases from 15% to 20% and then to 25%, the quantity of biogas generated grows by, respectively, 65% and more than 100%. Unfortunately, none of the scenarios enables the required municipal solid waste recycling rates in 2030 (60%) and 2035 (65%), which demonstrates the significant need to develop more effective separate collection systems, including biowaste. Methodology applied in the paper can be used for other cities and regions trying to meet circular economy demands.
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Emerging Tools for Energy System Design Increasing Economic and Environmental Sustainability. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13164062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Energy is a fundamental element supporting societal development, particularly with the increasing dependency on the Internet of Things. It is also the main contributor to environmental impacts and subsequently, a potential sector for mitigation. Sustainable energy system design considers energy savings and energy efficiency, waste and consumption reduction, process efficiency enhancement, waste heat recovery, and integration of renewable energy. Emerging tools range from advanced Process Integration, modelling, simulation, and optimisation, to system analysis and assessment. This review covers selected emerging studies promoting sustainable system design, including the recent developments reported in the Special Issue (SI) of the 22nd Conference on Process Integration, Modelling and Optimisation for Energy Saving and Pollution Reduction (PRES’19). The primary emphasis was to enhance the economic and environmental performance. However, social factors were also highlighted as essential for future sustainable development. The discussion and analysis in this review focus on the most recent developments of (a) heat integration and heat transfer; (b) integrated and newly developed heat exchangers, (c) integration of renewables, and (d) roles in economic and environmental sustainability. The key results are highlighted, and future research ideas are suggested according to their links to a broader context.
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Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Cheese Whey and Industrial Hemp Residues Opens New Perspectives for the Valorization of Agri-Food Waste. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13112820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cheese whey (CW) and hemp hurds (HH) represent typically overabundant biowastes of food and agricultural production, and their circular management is crucial to improve both sustainability and profitability of the agri-food chain. By combining experimental biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests and literature data, the techno-economic aspects of a possible future bioenergy valorization of CW and HH through anaerobic digestion (AD) and co- digestion (coAD) were analyzed. Along the 42-days, BMP assays, CW, and HH alone rendered BMP values of 446 ± 66 and 242 ± 13 mL CH4·g VS−1, respectively. The application of coAD with CW and HH at a 70:30 ratio allowed to enhance the biomethane production by 10.7%, as compared to the corresponding calculated value. In terms of economic profitability, the valorization of HH as biomethane in a dual-purpose hemp cultivation could potentially enable net profits of up to 3929 €·ha−1, which could rise to 6124 €·ha−1 in case of coAD with CW. Finally, by projecting the biomethane potential from current and future available CW and HH residues in the national context of Italy, a total biomethane yield of up to 296 MNm3·y−1 could be attained, offering interesting perspectives for the sustainability of key sectors such as transportation.
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