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Afridi K, Noman M, Jan ST. Evaluating the influence of novel charge transport materials on the photovoltaic properties of MASnI 3 solar cells through SCAPS-1D modelling. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:231202. [PMID: 38234435 PMCID: PMC10791529 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.231202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, substantial advancements have been made in photovoltaic technologies, leading to impressive power conversion efficiencies (PCE) exceeding 25% in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Tin-based perovskite materials, characterized by their low band gap (1.3 eV), exceptional optical absorption and high carrier mobility, have emerged as promising absorber layers in PSCs. Achieving high performance and stability in PSCs critically depends on the careful selection of suitable charge transport layers (CTLs). This research investigates the effects of five copper-based hole transport materials and two carbon-based electron transport materials in combination with methyl ammonium tin iodide (MASnI3) through numerical modelling in SCAPS-1D. The carbon-based CTLs exhibit excellent thermal conductivity and mechanical strength, while the copper-based CTLs demonstrate high electrical conductivity. The study comprehensively analyses the influence of these CTLs on PSC performance, including band alignment, quantum efficiency, thickness, doping concentration, defects and thermal stability. Furthermore, a comparative analysis is conducted on PSC structures employing both p-i-n and n-i-p configurations. The highest-performing PSCs are observed in the inverted structures of CuSCN/MASnI3/C60 and CuAlO2/MASnI3/C60, achieving PCE of 23.48% and 25.18%, respectively. Notably, the planar structures of Cu2O/MASnI3/C60 and CuSbS2/MASnI3/C60 also exhibit substantial PCE, reaching 20.67% and 20.70%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Afridi
- U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Noman
- U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Shayan Tariq Jan
- U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
- Department of Energy Engineering Technology, University of Technology, Nowshera, Pakistan
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2
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Ašmontas S, Mujahid M. Recent Progress in Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1886. [PMID: 37368318 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Tandem solar cells are widely considered the industry's next step in photovoltaics because of their excellent power conversion efficiency. Since halide perovskite absorber material was developed, it has been feasible to develop tandem solar cells that are more efficient. The European Solar Test Installation has verified a 32.5% efficiency for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. There has been an increase in the perovskite/Si tandem devices' power conversion efficiency, but it is still not as high as it might be. Their instability and difficulties in large-area realization are significant challenges in commercialization. In the first part of this overview, we set the stage by discussing the background of tandem solar cells and their development over time. Subsequently, a concise summary of recent advancements in perovskite tandem solar cells utilizing various device topologies is presented. In addition, we explore the many possible configurations of tandem module technology: the present work addresses the characteristics and efficacy of 2T monolithic and mechanically stacked four-terminal devices. Next, we explore ways to boost perovskite tandem solar cells' power conversion efficiencies. Recent advancements in the efficiency of tandem cells are described, along with the limitations that are still restricting their efficiency. Stability is also a significant hurdle in commercializing such devices, so we proposed eliminating ion migration as a cornerstone strategy for solving intrinsic instability problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steponas Ašmontas
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Muhammad Mujahid
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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3
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Ismail M, Noman M, Tariq Jan S, Imran M. Boosting efficiency of eco-friendly perovskite solar cell through optimization of novel charge transport layers. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:230331. [PMID: 37293364 PMCID: PMC10245210 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Formamidinium tin triiodide (FASnI3) is a suitable candidate for the absorber layer in perovskite solar cells (PSC) because of its non-toxicity, narrow band gap, thermal stability and high carrier mobility. This study focuses on the analysis and improvement in the performance of FASnI3-based PSCs using various inorganic charge transport materials. The copper-based materials such as Cu2O, CuAlO2, CuSCN and CuSbS2 are introduced as hole transport layers due to their earth abundance, ease of manufacturing, high charge mobilities and chemical stability. Similarly, fullerene derivates (PCBM and C60) are deployed as electron transport layers due to their mechanical strength, thermal conductivity and stability. The effect of these materials on optical absorption, quantum efficiency, energy band alignment, band offsets, electric field and recombination are studied in detail. The reasons for the low performance of the cell are identified and improved through design optimization. The PSC performance is analysed in both inverted and conventional architecture. Among all the structures, the best result is achieved through ITO/CuSCN/FASnI3/C60/Al with an efficiency of 27.26%, Voc of 1.08 V, Jsc of 29.5 mAcm-2 and FF of 85.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ismail
- U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Noman
- U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shayan Tariq Jan
- U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Department of Energy Engineering Technology, University of Technology, Nowshera, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Rawalpindi, Military College of Signals, Pakistan
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4
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Li T, Wu Y, Liu Z, Yang Y, Luo H, Li L, Chen P, Gao X, Tan H. Cesium acetate-assisted crystallization for high-performance inverted CsPbI 3perovskite solar cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:375205. [PMID: 35675793 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac76d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Efficient inverted (p-i-n) type CsPbI3perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have revealed promising applications due to their excellent thermal and photostability. Regulating the nucleation and crystallization of perovskite film is an important route to improving the performance of CsPbI3PSCs. Herein, we explored cesium acetate (CsAc) as additive to manipulate the crystallization process of CsPbI3perovskite films. By involving in the intermediate phase DMA1-xCsxPbI3-yAcyof perovskite, the pseudo-halide acetate (Ac-) can retard the ion exchange reaction between DMA+and Cs+, leading to a perovskite with dense morphology, low defect density, and a long carrier lifetime. As a result, the optimal CsPbI3PSCs yielded a high power conversion efficiency of 18.3%. Moreover, the encapsulated devices showed excellent operational stability and the devices retained their initial performance following 500 h of operation at the maximum power point under one-sun illumination in ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Liu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanbo Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Haowen Luo
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ludong Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueping Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairen Tan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
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Enomoto S, Tagami T, Ueda Y, Moriyama Y, Fujiwara K, Takahashi S, Yamashita K. Drastic transitions of excited state and coupling regime in all-inorganic perovskite microcavities characterized by exciton/plasmon hybrid natures. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:8. [PMID: 34974529 PMCID: PMC8720309 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00701-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Lead-halide perovskites are highly promising for various optoelectronic applications, including laser devices. However, fundamental photophysics explaining the coherent-light emission from this material system is so intricate and often the subject of debate. Here, we systematically investigate photoluminescence properties of all-inorganic perovskite microcavity at room temperature and discuss the excited state and the light-matter coupling regime depending on excitation density. Angle-resolved photoluminescence clearly exhibits that the microcavity system shows a transition from weak coupling regime to strong coupling regime, revealing the increase in correlated electron-hole pairs. With pumping fluence above the threshold, the photoluminescence signal shows a lasing behavior with bosonic condensation characteristics, accompanied by long-range phase coherence. The excitation density required for the lasing behavior, however, is found to exceed the Mott density, excluding the exciton as the excited state. These results demonstrate that the polaritonic Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer state originates the strong coupling formation and the lasing behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuki Enomoto
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tagami
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ueda
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yuta Moriyama
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kentaro Fujiwara
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Shun Takahashi
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamashita
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.
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6
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Sanchez-Palencia P, García G, Wahnon P, Palacios P. Cation Substitution Effects on the Structural, Electronic and Sun-Light Absorption Features of All-Inorganic Halide Perovskites. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi01553b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
All-inorganic perovskites (such as CsPbI3) are emerging as new candidates for photovoltaic applications. Unfortunately, this class of materials present two important weaknesses in their way to commercialization: poor stability and...
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Ali Shah SA, Sayyad MH, Sun J, Guo Z. Recent advances and emerging trends of rare-earth-ion doped spectral conversion nanomaterials in perovskite solar cells. J RARE EARTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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Alhamada TF, Azmah Hanim MA, Jung DW, Nuraini AA, Hasan WZW. A Brief Review of the Role of 2D Mxene Nanosheets toward Solar Cells Efficiency Improvement. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2732. [PMID: 34685175 PMCID: PMC8541472 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This article discusses the application of two-dimensional metal MXenes in solar cells (SCs), which has attracted a lot of interest due to their outstanding transparency, metallic electrical conductivity, and mechanical characteristics. In addition, some application examples of MXenes as an electrode, additive, and electron/hole transport layer in perovskite solar cells are described individually, with essential research issues highlighted. Firstly, it is imperative to comprehend the conversion efficiency of solar cells and the difficulties of effectively incorporating metal MXenes into the building blocks of solar cells to improve stability and operational performance. Based on the analysis of new articles, several ideas have been generated to advance the exploration of the potential of MXene in SCs. In addition, research into other relevant MXene suitable in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is required to enhance the relevant work. Therefore, we identify new perspectives to achieve solar cell power conversion efficiency with an excellent quality-cost ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. F. Alhamada
- Northern Technical University, Mosul 41001, Iraq;
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - M. A. Azmah Hanim
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Center (AEMC), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - D. W. Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, 1 Ara 1-dong, Jeju 690-756, Korea
| | - A. A. Nuraini
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - W. Z. Wan Hasan
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
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9
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Analysis of Hybrid Hetero-Homo Junction Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells by SCAPS Simulator. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14185741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report on the effect of substituting the active intrinsic i-layer on a conventional pin structure of lead-free perovskite solar cell (PSC) by a homo p-n junction, keeping the thickness of the active layer constant. It is expected that when the active i-layer is substituted by a p-n homo junction, one can increase the collection efficiency of the photo-generated electrons and holes due to the built-in electric field of the homo junction. The impact of the technological and physical device parameters on the performance parameters of the solar cell have been worked out. It was found that p-side thickness must be wider than the n-side, while its acceptor concentration should be slightly lower than the donor concentration of the n-side to achieve maximum efficiency. In addition, different absorber types, namely, i-absorber, n-absorber and p-absorber, are compared to the proposed pn-absorber, showing a performance-boosting effect when using the latter. Moreover, the proposed structure is made without a hole transport layer (HTL) to avoid the organic issues of the HTL materials. The back metal work function, bulk trap density and ETL material are optimized for best performance of the HTL-free structure, giving Jsc = 26.48, Voc = 0.948 V, FF = 77.20 and PCE = 19.37% for AM1.5 solar spectra. Such results highlight the prospective of the proposed structure and emphasize the importance of using HTL-free solar cells without deteriorating the efficiency. The solar cell is investigated by using SCAPS simulator.
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10
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Shah SAA, Sayyad MH, Khan K, Sun J, Guo Z. Application of MXenes in Perovskite Solar Cells: A Short Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2151. [PMID: 34443979 PMCID: PMC8401012 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Application of MXene materials in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has attracted considerable attention owing to their supreme electrical conductivity, excellent carrier mobility, adjustable surface functional groups, excellent transparency and superior mechanical properties. This article reviews the progress made so far in using Ti3C2Tx MXene materials in the building blocks of perovskite solar cells such as electrodes, hole transport layer (HTL), electron transport layer (ETL) and perovskite photoactive layer. Moreover, we provide an outlook on the exciting opportunities this recently developed field offers, and the challenges faced in effectively incorporating MXene materials in the building blocks of PSCs for better operational stability and enhanced performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Afaq Ali Shah
- School of Electrical Engineering & Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; (S.A.A.S.); (K.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Muhammad Hassan Sayyad
- Advanced Photovoltaic Research Labs (APRL), Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, District Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23640, Pakistan;
| | - Karim Khan
- School of Electrical Engineering & Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; (S.A.A.S.); (K.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Jinghua Sun
- School of Electrical Engineering & Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; (S.A.A.S.); (K.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Zhongyi Guo
- School of Electrical Engineering & Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; (S.A.A.S.); (K.K.); (J.S.)
- School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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Hysteresis Analysis of Hole-Transport-Material-Free Monolithic Perovskite Solar Cells with Carbon Counter Electrode by Current Density-Voltage and Impedance Spectra Measurements. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 11:nano11010048. [PMID: 33375498 PMCID: PMC7824037 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to the tremendous increase in power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs), this technology has attracted much attention. Despite being the fastest-growing photovoltaic technology to date, bottlenecks such as current density–voltage (J–V) hysteresis have significantly limited further development. Current density measurements performed with different sweep scan speeds exhibit hysteresis and the photovoltaic parameters extracted from the current density–voltage measurements for both scan directions become questionable. A current density–voltage measurement protocol needs to be established which can be used to achieve reproducible results and to compare devices made in different laboratories. In this work, we report a hysteresis analysis of a hole-transport-material-free (HTM-free) carbon-counter-electrode-based PSC conducted by current density–voltage and impedance spectra measurements. The effect of sweep scan direction and time delay was examined on the J–V characteristics of the device. The hysteresis was observed to be strongly sweep scan direction and time delay dependent and decreased as the delay increased. The J–V analysis conducted in the reverse sweep scan direction at a lower sweep time delay of 0.2 s revealed very large increases in the short circuit current density and the power conversion efficiency of 57.7% and 56.1%, respectively, compared with the values obtained during the forward scan under the same conditions. Impedance spectroscopy (IS) investigations were carried out and the effects of sweep scan speed, time delay, and frequency were analyzed. The hysteresis was observed to be strongly sweep scan direction, sweep time delay, and frequency dependent. The correlation between J–V and IS data is provided. The wealth of photovoltaic and impendence spectroscopic data reported in this work on the hysteresis study of the HTM-free PSC may help in establishing a current density–voltage measurement protocol, identifying components and interfaces causing the hysteresis, and modeling of PSCs, eventually benefiting device performance and long-term stability.
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