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Terahertz imaging for non-destructive porosity measurements of carbonate rocks. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18018. [PMID: 36289295 PMCID: PMC9606024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22535-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the petrochemical industry, accurate measurement of microporosity and its distribution within core samples, particularly those from carbonate reservoirs, has garnered intense interest because studies have suggested that following primary and secondary depletion, a majority of the residual and bypassed oil may reside in these porosities. Ideally, the microporosity and its distribution would be determined accurately, quickly, and efficiently. Imaging techniques are commonly used to characterize the porosity and pores but accurate microporosity characterization can be challenging due to resolution and scale limitations. To this end, this study describes the development and verification of a novel method to characterize microporosity in carbonate rocks using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and exploiting the high signal absorption due to water at these high frequencies. This new method is able to measure microporosity and the results agree well with other bulk measurements and produce microporosity maps which is not possible with many bulk characterization or imaging methods. These microporosity maps show the spatial variation of micropores within a sample and offers insights into the heterogeneity of reservoir materials.
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Saad A, Aime S, Chandra Mahavadi S, Song YQ, Yutkin MP, Weitz D, Patzek TW. Adsorption of Polar Species at Crude Oil-Water Interfaces: the Chemoelastic Behavior. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6523-6530. [PMID: 35580860 PMCID: PMC9161445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the formation and properties of crude oil/water interfacial films. The time evolution of interfacial tension suggests the presence of short and long timescale processes reflecting the competition between different populations of surface-active molecules. We measure both the time-dependent shear and extensional interfacial rheology moduli. Late-time interface rheology is dominated by elasticity, which results in visible wrinkles on the crude oil drop surface upon interface disturbance. We also find that the chemical composition of the interfacial films is affected by the composition of the aqueous phase that it has contacted. For example, sulfate ions promote films enriched with carboxylic groups and condensed aromatics. Finally, we perform solution exchange experiments and monitor the late-time film composition upon the exchange. We detect the film composition change upon replacing chloride solutions with sulfate-enriched ones. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to report the composition alteration of aged crude oil films. This finding might foreshadow an essential crude oil recovery mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed
M. Saad
- Ali
I. Al-Naimi Petroleum Engineering Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stefano Aime
- John
A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Molecular,
Macromolecular Chemistry, and Materials, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, 10 Rue Vauquelin, Paris 75005, France
| | | | - Yi-Qiao Song
- Schlumberger-Doll
Research, One Hampshire
Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Athinoula
A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Maxim P. Yutkin
- Ali
I. Al-Naimi Petroleum Engineering Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - David Weitz
- John
A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Department
of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Tadeusz W. Patzek
- Ali
I. Al-Naimi Petroleum Engineering Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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