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Iwanek (nee Wilczkowska) EM, Nietrzeba U, Pietras M, Marciniak A, Głuski G, Hupka J, Szymajda M, Kamiński J, Szerewicz C, Goździk A, Kirk DW. Possible Options for Utilization of EU Biomass Waste: Pyrolysis Char, Calorific Value and Ash Content. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 17:226. [PMID: 38204079 PMCID: PMC10780033 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The application of biomass as a co-feed in coal power plants and in standalone biomass power plants, as well as in char production for soil remediation, is a currently important issue. This paper reports on the investigation of biochar formation from agricultural waste crops that are used for soil upgrading, but which do not meet the standards of EU crops, as well as largescale food processing waste. These were compared to test results from basket willow, which is commonly used for energy generation. Food industry waste is often produced in cities on a large scale and is generally easier to process due to lack of other stream components. The key parameters, namely, the content of volatiles, energy content of the formed biochar and the composition of the ash, were determined for a number of herbaceous materials locally available in the European Union. All of them can be used as a cheap source of biochar. A novel procedure of capturing volatiles and hence minimizing the PAH content in the biochar, as well as enabling the recovery of energy from the volatiles is presented. Knowledge of the composition and form of elements in ash is very important for designing ash management systems if co-combustion is implemented. The aim of this study was to determine if the types of biomass are better suited for biochar production or energy generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa M. Iwanek (nee Wilczkowska)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (U.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (G.G.); (J.H.); (M.S.); (J.K.); (C.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Urszula Nietrzeba
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (U.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (G.G.); (J.H.); (M.S.); (J.K.); (C.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Marta Pietras
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (U.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (G.G.); (J.H.); (M.S.); (J.K.); (C.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Aleksandra Marciniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (U.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (G.G.); (J.H.); (M.S.); (J.K.); (C.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Gustaw Głuski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (U.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (G.G.); (J.H.); (M.S.); (J.K.); (C.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Jakub Hupka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (U.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (G.G.); (J.H.); (M.S.); (J.K.); (C.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Miłosz Szymajda
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (U.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (G.G.); (J.H.); (M.S.); (J.K.); (C.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Jakub Kamiński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (U.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (G.G.); (J.H.); (M.S.); (J.K.); (C.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Cezary Szerewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (U.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (G.G.); (J.H.); (M.S.); (J.K.); (C.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Aleksandra Goździk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (U.N.); (M.P.); (A.M.); (G.G.); (J.H.); (M.S.); (J.K.); (C.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Donald W. Kirk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada;
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