1
|
Kergoat L, Besse-Hoggan P, Leremboure M, Beguet J, Devers M, Martin-Laurent F, Masson M, Morin S, Roinat A, Pesce S, Bonnineau C. Environmental Concentrations of Sulfonamides Can Alter Bacterial Structure and Induce Diatom Deformities in Freshwater Biofilm Communities. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:643719. [PMID: 34025605 PMCID: PMC8137839 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.643719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the early 1920s, the intensive use of antibiotics has led to the contamination of the aquatic environment through diffuse sources and wastewater effluents. The antibiotics commonly found in surface waters include sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and sulfamethazine (SMZ), which belong to the class of sulfonamides, the oldest antibiotic class still in use. These antibiotics have been detected in all European surface waters with median concentrations of around 50 ng L–1 and peak concentrations of up to 4–6 μg L–1. Sulfonamides are known to inhibit bacterial growth by altering microbial production of folic acid, but sub-lethal doses may trigger antimicrobial resistance, with unknown consequences for exposed microbial communities. We investigated the effects of two environmentally relevant concentrations (500 and 5,000 ng L–1) of SMZ and SMX on microbial activity and structure of periphytic biofilms in stream mesocosms for 28 days. Measurement of sulfonamides in the mesocosms revealed contamination levels of about half the nominal concentrations. Exposure to sulfonamides led to slight, transitory effects on heterotrophic functions, but persistent effects were observed on the bacterial structure. After 4 weeks of exposure, sulfonamides also altered the autotrophs in periphyton and particularly the diversity, viability and cell integrity of the diatom community. The higher concentration of SMX tested decreased both diversity (Shannon index) and evenness of the diatom community. Exposure to SMZ reduced diatom species richness and diversity. The mortality of diatoms in biofilms exposed to sulfonamides was twice that in non-exposed biofilms. SMZ also induced an increase in diatom teratologies from 1.1% in non-exposed biofilms up to 3% in biofilms exposed to SMZ. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the teratological effects of sulfonamides on diatoms within periphyton. The increase of both diatom growth rate and mortality suggests a high renewal of diatoms under sulfonamide exposure. In conclusion, our study shows that sulfonamides can alter microbial community structures and diversity at concentrations currently present in the environment, with unknown consequences for the ecosystem. The experimental set-up presented here emphasizes the interest of using natural communities to increase the ecological realism of ecotoxicological studies and to detect potential toxic effects on non-target species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascale Besse-Hoggan
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Sigma Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martin Leremboure
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Sigma Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jérémie Beguet
- AgroSup Dijon, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Agroécologie, Dijon, France
| | - Marion Devers
- AgroSup Dijon, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Agroécologie, Dijon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Park J, Lee H, Depuydt S, Han T, Pandey LK. Assessment of five live-cell characteristics in periphytic diatoms as a measure of copper stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 400:123113. [PMID: 32574875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal pollution of fluvial systems remains a major problem and biomonitoring can be a useful tool for assessing the metal contamination. To assess their potential as new bioindicators of copper stress, we treated a field-collected live periphytic diatom community (dominated by Amphora, Navicula, and Nitzschia) with dissolved Cu under optimal growth conditions. We studied the effects of Cu on five live-cell attributes: motility, protoplasmic content, lipid body number and biovolume, and frustule morphology. In all three genera, motility and protoplasmic content decreased, whereas the LB number, biovolume and deformity increased when Cu and exposure time increased. The sensitivity to Cu was highest for % MF, % CPC and % BCLB in Navicula and the LB number and deformity in Nitzschia. Amphora appeared to be more tolerant to Cu in comparison with other genera. The five cell attributes were inter-related. A heatmap showed that a recommended indicator for rapid screening of Cu toxicity was % BCLB for Amphora and % MF for Navicula and Nitzschia. % MF might be the most common representative indicator that can be applied to all three genera to evaluate the lethal effects of Cu stress if only one of the five cell attributes must be selected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihae Park
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, 119-5, Songdomunwha-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, South Korea
| | - Hojun Lee
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, 119-5, Songdomunwha-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, South Korea; Department of Marine Science, Incheon National University, 119, Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Stephen Depuydt
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, 119-5, Songdomunwha-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, South Korea
| | - Taejun Han
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, 119-5, Songdomunwha-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, South Korea; Department of Marine Science, Incheon National University, 119, Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Lalit K Pandey
- Department of Marine Science, Incheon National University, 119, Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, South Korea; Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, MJP Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, 243006, India.
| |
Collapse
|