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Albrecht EC, Dobbert S, Pape R, Löffler J. Patterns, timing, and environmental drivers of growth in two coexisting green-stemmed Mediterranean alpine shrubs species. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:114-130. [PMID: 37753537 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean alpine is one of the most vulnerable ecosystems under future environmental change. Yet, patterns, timing and environmental controls of plant growth are poorly investigated. We aimed at an improved understanding of growth processes, as well as stem swelling and shrinking patterns, by examining two common coexisting green-stemmed shrub species. Using dendrometers to measure daily stem diameter changes, we separated these changes into water-related shrinking and swelling and irreversible growth. Implementing correlation analysis, linear mixed effects models, and partial least squares regression on time series of stem diameter changes, with corresponding soil temperature and moisture data as environmental predictors, we found species-specific growth patterns related to different drought-adaptive strategies. We show that the winter-cold-adapted species Cytisus galianoi uses a drought tolerance strategy combined with a high ecological plasticity, and is, thus, able to gain competitive advantages under future climate warming. In contrast, Genista versicolor is restricted to a narrower ecological niche using a winter-cold escape and drought avoidance strategy, which might be of disadvantage in a changing climate. Pregrowth environmental conditions were more relevant than conditions during growth, controlling the species' resource availability. Thus, studies focusing on current driver constellations of growth may fail to predict a species' ecological niche and its potential future performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike Corina Albrecht
- Department of Geography, University of Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 166, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Svenja Dobbert
- Department of Geography, University of Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 166, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Roland Pape
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Gullbringvegen 36, Bø, N-3800, Norway
| | - Jörg Löffler
- Department of Geography, University of Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 166, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
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Reduced Temperature Sensitivity of Maximum Latewood Density Formation in High-Elevation Corsican Pines under Recent Warming. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12070804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Maximum latewood density (MXD) measurements from long-lived Black pines (Pinus nigra spp. laricio) growing at the upper treeline in Corsica are one of the few archives to reconstruct southern European summer temperatures at annual resolution back into medieval times. Here, we present a compilation of five MXD chronologies from Corsican pines that contain high-to-low frequency variability between 1168 and 2016 CE and correlate significantly (p < 0.01) with the instrumental April–July and September–October mean temperatures from 1901 to 1980 CE (r = 0.52−0.64). The growth–climate correlations, however, dropped to −0.13 to 0.02 afterward, and scaling the MXD data resulted in a divergence of >1.5 °C between the colder reconstructed and warmer measured temperatures in the early-21st century. Our findings suggest a warming-induced shift from initially temperature-controlled to drought-prone MXD formation, and therefore question the suitability of using Corsican pine MXD data for climate reconstruction.
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Juhlke TR, Van Geldern R, Barth JAC, Bendix J, Bräuning A, Garel E, Häusser M, Huneau F, Knerr I, Santoni S, Szymczak S, Trachte K. Temporal offset between precipitation and water uptake of Mediterranean pine trees varies with elevation and season. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142539. [PMID: 33045601 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For climate models that use paleo-environment data to predict future climate change, tree-ring isotope variations are one important archive for the reconstruction of paleo-hydrological conditions. Due to the rather complicated pathway of water, starting from precipitation until its uptake by trees and the final incorporation of its components into tree-ring cellulose, a closer inspection of seasonal variations of tree water uptake is important. In this study, branch and needle samples of two pine species (Pinus pinaster and Pinus nigra subsp. laricio) and several water compartments (precipitation, creek, soil) were sampled over a two-year period and analyzed for the temporal variations of their oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope ratios (δ18O and δ2H) at five sites over an elevation gradient from sea level to around 1600 m a.s.l. on the Mediterranean island of Corsica (France). A new model was established to disentangle temporal relationships of source water uptake of trees. It uses a calculation method that incorporates the two processes mostly expected to affect source water composition: mixing of waters and evaporation. The model results showed that the temporal offset from precipitation to water uptake is not constant and varies with elevation and season. Overall, seasonal source water origin was shown to be dominated by precipitation from autumn and spring. While autumn precipitation was a more important water source for trees growing at mid- (~800-1000 m a.s.l) and high-elevation (~1600 m a.s.l.) sites, trees at coastal sites mostly took up water from late winter and spring. These findings show that predicted decreases in precipitation amounts during the wet season in the Mediterranean can have strong impacts on water availability for pine trees, especially at higher elevations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Juhlke
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department Geographie und Geowissenschaften, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - R Van Geldern
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department Geographie und Geowissenschaften, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J A C Barth
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department Geographie und Geowissenschaften, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Bendix
- Philipps University of Marburg, Faculty of Geography, Laboratory for Climatology and Remote Sensing, Deutschhausstr. 12, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - A Bräuning
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department Geographie und Geowissenschaften, Institut für Geographie, Wetterkreuz 15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - E Garel
- Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire d'Hydrogéologie, Campus Grimaldi, BP 52, F-20250 Corte, France; CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, F-20250 Corte, France
| | - M Häusser
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department Geographie und Geowissenschaften, Institut für Geographie, Wetterkreuz 15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - F Huneau
- Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire d'Hydrogéologie, Campus Grimaldi, BP 52, F-20250 Corte, France; CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, F-20250 Corte, France
| | - I Knerr
- Philipps University of Marburg, Faculty of Geography, Laboratory for Climatology and Remote Sensing, Deutschhausstr. 12, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - S Santoni
- Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire d'Hydrogéologie, Campus Grimaldi, BP 52, F-20250 Corte, France; CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, F-20250 Corte, France
| | - S Szymczak
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department Geographie und Geowissenschaften, Institut für Geographie, Wetterkreuz 15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - K Trachte
- Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU), Institute for Environmental Sciences, 03044 Cottbus-Senftenberg, Germany
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