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Piñuela Y, Alday JG, Oliach D, Castaño C, Büntgen U, Egli S, Martínez Peña F, Dashevskaya S, Colinas C, Peter M, Bonet JA. Habitat is more important than climate for structuring soil fungal communities associated in truffle sites. Fungal Biol 2024; 128:1724-1734. [PMID: 38575246 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The ectomycorrhizal fungi Tuber melanosporum Vittad. and Tuber aestivum Vittad. produce highly valuable truffles, but little is known about the soil fungal communities associated with these truffle species in places where they co-occur. Here, we compared soil fungal communities present in wild and planted truffle sites, in which T. melanosporum and T. aestivum coexist, in Mediterranean and temperate regions over three sampling seasons spanning from 2018 to 2019. We showed that soil fungal community composition and ectomycorrhizal species composition are driven by habitat type rather than climate regions. Also, we observed the influence of soil pH, organic matter content and C:N ratio structuring total and ectomycorrhizal fungal assemblages. Soil fungal communities in wild sites revealed more compositional variability than those of plantations. Greater soil fungal diversity was found in temperate compared to Mediterranean sites when considering all fungal guilds. Ectomycorrhizal diversity was significantly higher in wild sites compared to plantations. Greater mould abundance at wild sites than those on plantation was observed while tree species and seasonal effects were not significant predictors in fungal community structure. Our results suggested a strong influence of both ecosystem age and management on the fungal taxa composition in truffle habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Piñuela
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain; Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Crta. Sant Llorenç de Morunys km 2, 25280, Solsona, Spain; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
| | - Josu G Alday
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain; Joint Research Unit CTFC - AGROTECNIO-CERCA, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Daniel Oliach
- Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Crta. Sant Llorenç de Morunys km 2, 25280, Solsona, Spain
| | - Carles Castaño
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, SE-750 07, Sweden
| | - Ulf Büntgen
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Czech Globe Research Institute CAS and Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Simon Egli
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Fernando Martínez Peña
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragon CITA, Montañana 930, E-50059, Zaragoza, Spain; European Mycological Institute EGTC-EMI, E-42003, Soria, Spain
| | - Svetlana Dashevskaya
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Carlos Colinas
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain; Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Crta. Sant Llorenç de Morunys km 2, 25280, Solsona, Spain
| | - Martina Peter
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - José Antonio Bonet
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain; Joint Research Unit CTFC - AGROTECNIO-CERCA, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
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Giorgi V, Amicucci A, Landi L, Castelli I, Romanazzi G, Peroni C, Ranocchi B, Zambonelli A, Neri D. Effect of Bacteria Inoculation on Colonization of Roots by Tuber melanosporum and Growth of Quercus ilex Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:224. [PMID: 38256777 PMCID: PMC10819665 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Tuber melanosporum is an ascomycete that forms ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbioses with a wide range of host plants, producing edible fruiting bodies with high economic value. The quality of seedlings in the early symbiotic stage is important for successful truffle cultivation. Numerous bacterial species have been reported to take part in the truffle biological cycle and influence the establishment of roots symbiosis in plant hosts and the development of the carpophore. In this work, three different bacteria formulations were co-inoculated in Quercus ilex L. seedlings two months after T. melanosporum inoculation. At four months of bacterial application, the T. melanosporum ECM root tip rate of colonization and bacterial presence were assessed using both morphological and molecular techniques. A 2.5-fold increase in ECM colonization rate was found in the presence of Pseudomonas sp. compared to the seedlings inoculated only with T. melanosporum. The same treatment caused reduced plant growth either for the aerial and root part. Meanwhile, the ECM colonization combined with Bradyrhizobium sp. and Pseudomonas sp. + Bradyrhizobium sp. reduced the relative density of fibrous roots (nutrient absorption). Our work suggests that the role of bacteria in the early symbiotic stages of ECM colonization involves both the mycorrhizal symbiosis rate and plant root development processes, both essential for improve the quality of truffle-inoculated seedlings produced in commercial nurseries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Giorgi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.G.); (L.L.); (I.C.); (G.R.); (D.N.)
| | - Antonella Amicucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Lucia Landi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.G.); (L.L.); (I.C.); (G.R.); (D.N.)
| | - Ivan Castelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.G.); (L.L.); (I.C.); (G.R.); (D.N.)
| | - Gianfranco Romanazzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.G.); (L.L.); (I.C.); (G.R.); (D.N.)
| | - Cristiano Peroni
- Agenzia per l’Innovazione nel Settore Agroalimentare e della Pesca “Marche Agricoltura Pesca”, AMAP, 60027 Osimo, Italy;
| | - Bianca Ranocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Zambonelli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Davide Neri
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.G.); (L.L.); (I.C.); (G.R.); (D.N.)
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Ye L, Yang X, Zhang B, Zhou J, Tian H, Zhang X, Li X. Seasonal Succession of Fungal Communities in Native Truffle ( Tuber indicum) Ecosystems. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0019523. [PMID: 37338363 PMCID: PMC10370315 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00195-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Truffles are a rare underground fungus and one of the most expensive, and sought-after kitchen ingredients in the world. Microbial ecology plays an important role in the annual growth cycle of truffles, but fungal communities in native truffle ecosystems are still largely unknown, especially for Tuber indicum from China. In this study, the spatial and temporal dynamics of soil physicochemical properties and fungal communities were described associated with four T. indicum-producing plots (TPPs) and one non-truffle-producing plot in four successive growing seasons. A total of 160 biological samples were collected, 80 of which were used for the determination of 10 soil physicochemical indices and 80 for Illumina-based analysis of the fungal microbiome. Soil physicochemical properties and fungal communities exhibited considerable seasonal variation. Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, and Mucormycoides dominated. The core microbiome work on the microecological changes in TPPs, and the identified core members contribute to the seasonal succession of communities. The genus Tuber occupies a central position in healthy TPPs. There was a strong correlation between soil physicochemical properties and fungal communities. The genus Tuber showed a positive correlation with Ca, Mg, and total nitrogen, but a negative correlation with total phosphorus and available potassium. This study describes the complex ecological dynamics of soil physicochemical indices and fungal communities occurring during the annual cycle of Tuber indicum, and highlights the succession of core communities in truffle plots, which contribute to better protection of native truffle ecosystems and control of mycorrhizal fungal contamination in artificial truffle plantations in China. IMPORTANCE The spatial and temporal dynamics of soil physicochemical properties and fungal communities associated with four Tuber indicum-producing plots and one non truffle producing plot in four different growing seasons are described. Soil physicochemical properties and fungal communities exhibited considerable seasonal variation. This study examines the complex ecological dynamics of soil physicochemical indices and fungal communities occurring during the annual cycle of Tuber indicum and highlights the succession of core communities in truffle plots, which contributes to better protection of native truffle ecosystems and control of mycorrhizal fungal contamination in artificial truffle plantations in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ye
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuezhen Yang
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Tian
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Zhou Y, Shi Z, Pang Q, Liang X, Li H, Sui X, Li C, Song F. Responses of Bacterial Community Structure, Diversity, and Chemical Properties in the Rhizosphere Soil on Fruiting-Body Formation of Suillus luteus. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2059. [PMID: 36296335 PMCID: PMC9610959 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycorrhiza helper bacteria (MHB) play an important role in driving mycorrhizal formation. There are few reports on the relationship between bacteria and fruiting growths. Taking mycorrhizal rhizosphere soil from sporocarps of the S. luteus and non-mycorrhizal rhizosphere soil of the host plant (Larix gmelinii), we measured the bacterial community structure and diversity and chemical properties to clarify the effect of bacteria on fruiting-body formation. The bacterial diversity was significantly higher in mycorrhizal rhizosphere soil (p < 0.05) than that in non-mycorrhizal rhizosphere soil. The relative abundance of Burkholderia, Bradyrhizobium, Pseudomonas, and Rhizobium was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in mycorrhizal rhizosphere soil than in non-mycorrhizal rhizosphere soil. The soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), ammonium nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), and the activity of catalase, urease, and phosphatase in mycorrhizal rhizosphere soil were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those in non-mycorrhizal rhizosphere soil. A redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that dominant bacteria are closely related to soil enzyme activity and physicochemical properties (p < 0.05). The boletus recruits a large number of bacteria around the plant roots that speed up nutrient transformation and increase the soil nutrient content, providing an important guarantee for mycelium culture and fruiting-body formation. These findings provide ideas for the nutritional supply of boletus sporocarps and lay the theoretical foundation for the efficient artificial cultivation of boletus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- Jiaxiang Research Academy of Industrial Technology, Jining 272400, China
| | - Zhichao Shi
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China
| | - Qiliang Pang
- Heilongjiang Greater Hinggan Mountains Region Agriculture Forestry Research Institute, Gagdaqi 165100, China
| | - Xiufeng Liang
- Heilongjiang Greater Hinggan Mountains Region Agriculture Forestry Research Institute, Gagdaqi 165100, China
| | - Hongtao Li
- Heilongjiang Greater Hinggan Mountains Region Agriculture Forestry Research Institute, Gagdaqi 165100, China
| | - Xin Sui
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Chongwei Li
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Fuqiang Song
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- Jiaxiang Research Academy of Industrial Technology, Jining 272400, China
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