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Sá A, Benali A, Aparicio B, Bruni C, Mota C, Pereira J, Fernandes P. A method to produce a flexible and customized fuel models dataset. MethodsX 2023; 10:102218. [PMID: 37292241 PMCID: PMC10244702 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Simulation of vegetation fires very often resorts to fire-behavior models that need fuel models as input. The lack of fuel models is a common problem for researchers and fire managers because its quality depends on the quality/availability of data. In this study we present a method that combines expert- and research-based knowledge with several sources of data (e.g. satellite and fieldwork) to produce customized fuel models maps. Fuel model classes are assigned to land cover types to produce a basemap, which is then updated using empirical and user-defined rules. This method produces a map of surface fuel models as detailed as possible. It is reproducible, and its flexibility relies on juxtaposing independent spatial datasets, depending on their quality or availability. This method is developed in a ModelBuilder/ArcGis toolbox named FUMOD that integrates ten sub-models. FUMOD has been used to map the Portuguese annual fuel models grids since 2019, supporting regional fire risk assessments and suppression decisions. Datasets, models and supplementary files are available in a repository (https://github.com/anasa30/PT_FuelModels). •FUMOD is a flexible toolbox with ten sub-models included that maps updated Portuguese fuel models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.C.L. Sá
- Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa 1349-017, Portugal
- ForestWISE - Laboratório Colaborativo para a Gestão Integrada da Floresta e do Fogo, Quinta de Prados, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal
| | - A. Benali
- Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa 1349-017, Portugal
| | - B.A. Aparicio
- Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa 1349-017, Portugal
| | - C. Bruni
- Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa 1349-017, Portugal
| | - C. Mota
- Autoridade Nacional de Emergência e Proteção Civil, Avenida do Forte, Carnaxide 2794-112, Portugal
| | - J.M.C. Pereira
- Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa 1349-017, Portugal
| | - P.M. Fernandes
- ForestWISE - Laboratório Colaborativo para a Gestão Integrada da Floresta e do Fogo, Quinta de Prados, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agroambientais e Biológicas, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal
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Carrillo-García C, Girola-Iglesias L, Guijarro M, Hernando C, Madrigal J, Mateo RG. Ecological niche models applied to post-megafire vegetation restoration in the context of climate change. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158858. [PMID: 36122721 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and land-use changes are the main drivers altering fire regimes and leading to the occurrence of megafires. Current management policies mainly focus on short-term restoration without considering how climate change might affect regeneration dynamics. We aimed to test the usefulness of ecological niche models (ENMs) to integrate the effects of climate change on tree species distributions into post-fire restoration planning. We also examined different important conceptual and methodological aspects during this novel process. We constructed ENM at fine spatial resolution (25 m) for the four main tree species (Pinus pinaster, Quercus pyrenaica, Q. faginea and Q. ilex) in an area affected by a megafire in Central Spain at two scales (local and regional), two periods (2 and 14 years after the fire) at the local scale, and under two future climate change scenarios. The usefulness of ENMs as support tools in decision-making for post-fire management was confirmed for the first time. As hypothesized, models developed at both scales are different, since they represent different scale dependent drivers of species distribution patterns. However, both provide objective information to be considered by stakeholders in combination with other sources of information. Local models generated with vegetation data 14 years after the fire provided valuable information about local and current vegetation dynamics (i.e., current microecology spatial niche prediction). Regional models are capable of considering a higher proportion of the climatic niche of species to generate reliable climate change forecasts (i.e., future macroclimate spatial niche forecast). The use of precise ENMs provide both an objective interpretation of potential habitat conditions and the opportunity of examining vegetation patches, that can be very valuable in managing restoration of areas affected by megafires under climate change conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Carrillo-García
- Grupo de Incendios Forestales, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR-INIA), CSIC, Ctra. Coruña Km 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; ETSI Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Ramiro de Maeztu s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lucas Girola-Iglesias
- ETSI Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Ramiro de Maeztu s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Guijarro
- Grupo de Incendios Forestales, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR-INIA), CSIC, Ctra. Coruña Km 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Hernando
- Grupo de Incendios Forestales, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR-INIA), CSIC, Ctra. Coruña Km 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Madrigal
- Grupo de Incendios Forestales, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR-INIA), CSIC, Ctra. Coruña Km 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; ETSI Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Ramiro de Maeztu s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén G Mateo
- Departamento de Biología (Botánica), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Edificio de Biología, Campus de Cantoblanco, Calle Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Edificio de Biología, Campus de Cantoblanco, Calle Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Quality Assessment and Rehabilitation of Mountain Forest in the Chongli Winter Olympic Games Area, China. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13050783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Spurred by the degraded forest in the 2022 Chongli Winter Olympic Games area, the Chinese government initiated a national program for mountain forest rehabilitation. We developed a method to assess the quality of mountain forests using an index system composed of stand structure, site conditions, and landscape aesthetics at three criteria levels. The method involves index weights determined by the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy method. The results show that landscape aesthetics was the most important measure for the criterion layer. Slope aspect and naturalness were the most and second-most important indices, respectively, for the alternative layer. The quality of the mountain forest in the Chongli area was divided into four grades. The area had 7.8% with high quality, 46.7% with medium quality, 36.6% with low quality, and 8.9% with inferior quality. In total 76.6% of the damaged forest were distributed on sloping and steep sloping ground at 1700 to 2050 m altitude, and Betula platyphylla Sukaczev and Larix gmelinii var. principis-rupprechtii (Mayr) Pilg. were the predominating trees. The damaged forest was divided into over-dense, over-sparse, degraded, inappropriate tree species, and inferior landscape forest. For different types of damaged forest, corresponding modification measures were proposed. The methods developed in this study can be used for rehabilitation projects to improve the quality of degraded forests in mountainous temperate areas.
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