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Saixiyala, Chen L, Yi F, Qiu X, Sun H, Cao H, Baoyin T, Ye X, Huang Z. Warming in combination with increased precipitation mediate the sexual and clonal reproduction in the desert steppe dominant species Stipa breviflora. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:474. [PMID: 37807079 PMCID: PMC10561481 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04439-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clonal plants can successfully adapt to various ecosystems. A trade-off between sexual and clonal reproduction is generally assumed in clonal plants, which may be influenced both by the characteristics of the plant itself and environmental conditions. Currently, it is unclear how climate change, and specifically warming and increased precipitation, might affect sexual and clonal reproduction in clonal plants. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate both the sexual and clonal reproduction responses of Stipa breviflora to warming and increased precipitation. A controlled experiment was conducted by inducing increases in precipitation (ambient condition, 25% and 50% increases) and warming (ambient temperature, 1.5 °C and 3.0 °C increases). RESULTS Warming significantly influenced both the ratio of reproductive ramet shoot biomass to total shoot biomass, and the ratio of reproductive ramet number to total ramet number. Additionally, the ratio of reproductive ramet shoot biomass to total shoot biomass was also significantly affected by increased precipitation. Increased precipitation benefited sexual reproduction, while effects of warming on reproductive and/or vegetative ramets varied from negative to positive depending on precipitation conditions. There was no relationship between the number or shoot biomass of reproductive ramets and vegetative ramets. Reproductive ramets displayed greater sensitivity to climate change than vegetative ramets. CONCLUSIONS The findings of our study suggest that there was no trade-off between sexual and clonal reproduction in S. breviflora. The combined impact of warming and increased precipitation promoted sexual reproduction but did not inhibit clonal reproduction. Clonal plants with the capacity for both sexual and clonal reproduction, may cope with climate change well via clonal reproduction, ensuring their survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saixiyala
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau and Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Lingling Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau and Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Fengyan Yi
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Xiao Qiu
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Hailian Sun
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Hongxia Cao
- Suzhou Vocational Technical College, Suzhou, 234099, China
| | - Taogetao Baoyin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau and Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Xuehua Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China.
| | - Zhenying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
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Shen K, He Y, Xu X, Umer M, Liu X, Xia T, Guo Y, Wu B, Xu H, Zang L, Gao L, Jiao M, Yang X, Yan J. Effects of AMF on plant nutrition and growth depend on substrate gravel content and patchiness in the karst species Bidens pilosa L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:968719. [PMID: 36247600 PMCID: PMC9557229 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.968719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Karst ecosystems represent a typical heterogeneous habitat, and it is ubiquitous with varying interactive patches of rock and soil associated with differential weathering patterns of carbonate rocks. Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) play an important role in regulating plant growth and nutrition in heterogeneous karst habitats. However, it remains unclear how AMF affects the growth and nutrition of plants in heterogeneous karst soil with varying patches and weathering gravel. A heterogeneous experiment with Bidens pilosa L. was conducted in a grid microcosm through patching karst soil with different gravel contents. The experimental treatments included the AMF treatments inoculated with (M+) or without (M-) fungus Glomus etunicatum; the substrate patchiness treatments involved different sizes of the homogeneous patch (Homo), the heterogeneous large patch (Hetl), and the heterogeneous small patch (Hets); the substrate gravel treatments in the inner patch involved the free gravel (FG), the low gravel (LG) 20% in 80% soil, and the high gravel (HG) 40% in 60% soil. Plant traits related to growth and nutrients were analyzed by comparing substrate gravel content and patch size. The results showed that AMF was more beneficial in increasing the aboveground biomass of B. pilosa under the LG and HG substrates with a higher root mycorrhizal colonization rate than under the FG substrate with a lower root mycorrhizal colonization rate. AMF enhanced higher growth and nutrients for B. pilosa under the LG and HG substrates than under the FG substrate and under the Hets than under the Hetl. Moreover, AMF alleviated the limited supply of N for B. pilosa under all heterogeneous treatments. Furthermore, the response ratio LnRR of B. pilosa presented that the substrate gravel promoted the highest growth, N and P absorption than the substrate patchiness with M+ treatment, and the gravel content had a more effect on plant growth and nutrition as compared to the patch size. Overall, this study suggests that plant growth and nutrition regulated by AMF mainly depend on the substrate gravel content rather than the spatial patchiness in the heterogeneous karst habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiping Shen
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuejun He
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xinyang Xu
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Muhammad Umer
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Forestry Survey and Planning Institute of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingting Xia
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yun Guo
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bangli Wu
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Han Xu
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lipeng Zang
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Min Jiao
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xionggui Yang
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiawei Yan
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Zhang XM, Cao XX, He LX, Xue W, Gao JQ, Lei NF, Chen JS, Yu FH, Li MH. Soil heterogeneity in the horizontal distribution of microplastics influences productivity and species composition of plant communities. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1075007. [PMID: 36570919 PMCID: PMC9772521 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1075007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of soils by microplastics can have profound ecological impacts on terrestrial ecosystems and has received increasing attention. However, few studies have considered the impacts of soil microplastics on plant communities and none has tested the impacts of spatial heterogeneity in the horizontal distribution of microplastics in the soil on plant communities. We grew experimental plant communities in soils with either a homogeneous or a heterogeneous distribution of each of six common microplastics, i.e., polystyrene foam (EPS), polyethylene fiber (PET), polyethylene bead (HDPE), polypropylene fiber (PP), polylactic bead (PLA) and polyamide bead (PA6). The heterogeneous treatment consisted of two soil patches without microplastics and two with a higher (0.2%) concentration of microplastics, and the homogeneous treatment consisted of four patches all with a lower (0.1%) concentration of microplastics. Thus, the total amounts of microplastics in the soils were exactly the same in the two treatments. Total and root biomass of the plant communities were significantly higher in the homogeneous than in the heterogeneous treatment when the microplastic was PET and PP, smaller when it was PLA, but not different when it was EPS, HDPE or PA6. In the heterogeneous treatment, total and root biomass were significantly smaller in the patches with than without microplastics when the microplastic was EPS, but greater when the microplastic was PET or PP. Additionally, in the heterogeneous treatment, root biomass was significantly smaller in the patches with than without microplastics when the microplastic was HDPE, and shoot biomass was also significantly smaller when the microplastic was EPS or PET. The heterogeneous distribution of EPS in the soil significantly decreased community evenness, but the heterogeneous distribution of PET increased it. We conclude that soil heterogeneity in the horizontal distribution of microplastics can influence productivity and species composition of plant communities, but such an effect varies depending on microplastic chemical composition (types) and morphology (shapes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mei Zhang
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Cao
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin-Xuan He
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jun-Qin Gao
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning-Fei Lei
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Song Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei-Hai Yu
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fei-Hai Yu, ; Mai-He Li,
| | - Mai-He Li
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Fei-Hai Yu, ; Mai-He Li,
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