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Changes in Soil Microbial Community and Carbon Flux Regime across a Subtropical Montane Peatland-to-Forest Successional Series in Taiwan. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13060958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Subtropical montane peatland is among several rare ecosystems that continue to receive insufficient scientific exploration. We analyzed the vegetation types and soil bacterial composition, as well as surface carbon dioxide and methane fluxes along a successional peatland-to-upland-forest series in one such ecosystem in Taiwan. The Yuanyang Lake (YYL) study site is characterized by low temperature, high precipitation, prevailing fog, and acidic soil, which are typical conditions for the surrounding dominant Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana forest. Bacterial communities were dominated by Acidobacteriota and Proteobacteria. Along the bog-to-forest gradient, Proteobacteria decreased and Acidobacteriota increased while CO2 fluxes increased and CH4 fluxes decreased. Principal coordinate analysis allowed separating samples into four clusters, which correspond to samples from the bog, marsh, forest, and forest outside of the watershed. The majority of bacterial genera were found in all plots, suggesting that these communities can easily switch to other types. Variation among samples from the same vegetation type suggests influence of habitat heterogeneity on bacterial community composition. Variations of soil water content and season caused the variations of carbon fluxes. While CO2 flux decreased exponentially with increasing soil water content, the CH4 fluxes exhibited an exponential increase together with soil water content. Because YYL is in a process of gradual terrestrialization, especially under the warming climate, we expect changes in microbial composition and the greenhouse gas budget at the landscape scale within the next decades.
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Figueroa‐Rangel BL, Olvera‐Vargas M. Environmental and spatial processes shaping
Quercus
‐dominated forest communities in the Neotropics. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Lorena Figueroa‐Rangel
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara Autlán de Navarro Mexico
| | - Miguel Olvera‐Vargas
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara Autlán de Navarro Mexico
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Chiu CY, Baillie I, Jien SH, Hallett L, Hallett S. Sequestration of P fractions in the soils of an incipient ferralisation chronosequence on a humid tropical volcanic island. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2021; 62:20. [PMID: 34855017 PMCID: PMC8639856 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-021-00326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P) is the limiting nutrient in many mature tropical forests. The ecological significance of declining P stocks as soils age is exacerbated by much of the remaining P being progressively sequestered. However, the details of how and where P is sequestered during the ageing in tropical forest soils remains unclear. RESULTS We examined the relationships between various forms of the Fe and Al sesquioxides and the Hedley fractions of P in soils of an incipient ferralitic chronosequence on an altitudinal series of gently sloping benches on Green Island, off the southeastern coast of Taiwan. These soils contain limited amounts of easily exchangeable P. Of the sesquioxide variables, only Fe and Al crystallinities increased significantly with bench altitude/soil age, indicating that the ferralisation trend is weak. The bulk of the soil P was in the NaOH and residual extractable fractions, and of low lability. The P fractions that correlated best with the sesquioxides were the organic components of the NaHCO3 and NaOH extracts. CONCLUSIONS The amorphous sesquioxides, Feo and Alo, were the forms that correlated best with the P fractions. A substantial proportion of the labile P appears to be organic and to be associated with Alo in organic-aluminium complexes. The progression of P sequestration appears to be slightly slower than the chemical and mineralogical indicators of ferralisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yu Chiu
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ian Baillie
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, MK43 0AL, Cranfield, UK
| | - Shih-Hao Jien
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 912-01, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Liam Hallett
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, MK43 0AL, Cranfield, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Synthetic Biology and Innovation, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Stephen Hallett
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, MK43 0AL, Cranfield, UK
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Chiu CY, Jones JR, Rusak JA, Lin HC, Nakayama K, Kratz TK, Liu WC, Tang SL, Tsai JW. Terrestrial loads of dissolved organic matter drive inter-annual carbon flux in subtropical lakes during times of drought. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 717:137052. [PMID: 32084680 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lentic ecosystems are important agents of local and global carbon cycling, but their contribution varies along gradients of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and productivity. We investigated how contrasting summer and autumn precipitation can shape annual and inter-annual variation in ecosystem carbon (C) flux (gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), and CO2 efflux) in two subtropical lakes differing substantially in trophic state and water color. Instrumented buoys recorded time series of free-water DO, terrestrial DOM (tDOM), chlorophyll a, water temperature profiles, and meteorological measurements over five years (2009-2011 and 2014-2015). Reduced precipitation caused immediate and prolonged effects on C flux in both lakes. During the drought year (2014) GPP and ER declined by 60 to 80% and both lakes were either CO2 sinks or neutral. In the subsequent wet year (2015), GPP and ER increased by 40 to 110%, and both lakes shifted to strong net CO2 emitters. Higher ecosystem R resulted from larger GPP while higher tDOM contributed to a dramatic increase in dissolved inorganic carbon, which intensified CO2 emission in both lakes. C flux was more responsive in the clear mesotrophic lake, declining by approximately 40% in the cumulative GPP and ER, and increasing by >400% in CO2 efflux whereas changes in the oligotrophic colored lake were more modest (approximately 30% and 300% for metabolic declines and efflux increases, respectively). Temporal variation and magnitude of C flux were governed by tDOM-mediated changes in epilimnetic nutrient levels and hypolimnetic light availability. This study demonstrated terrestrial loads of DOM strongly influence the inter-annual response and sensitivity of ecosystem C flux to variation in inter-annual precipitation. Our findings have important implications for predicting the trend, magnitude, duration, and sensitivity of the response of C flux in subtropical lakes/reservoirs to future changes in precipitation patterns under altered climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yu Chiu
- Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - John R Jones
- School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, 103 Anheuser-Busch Natural Resources Building, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - James A Rusak
- Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, 1026 Bellwood Acres Road, P.O. Box 39, Dorset, ON P0A 1E0, Canada; Department of Biology, Kingston, Queen's University, 116 Barrie Street, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Hao-Chi Lin
- Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Keisuke Nakayama
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Timothy K Kratz
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Trout Lake Station | 3110 Trout Lake Station Dr. Boulder Junction, WI 54512, USA
| | - Wen-Cheng Liu
- Department of Civil and Disaster Prevention Engineering, National United University, NO.2, Lien Da, Nan Shih Li, Miao-Li 36003, Taiwan.
| | - Sen-Lin Tang
- Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Jeng-Wei Tsai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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Characterization of Phosphorus in Subtropical Coastal Sand Dune Forest Soils. FORESTS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/f9110710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Continuous research into the availability of phosphorus (P) in forest soil is critical for the sustainable management of forest ecosystems. In this study, we used sequential chemical extraction and 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-NMR) to evaluate the form and distribution of inorganic P (Pi) and organic P (Po) in Casuarina forest soils of a subtropical coastal sand dune in Houlong, Taiwan. The soil samples were collected from humic (+2–0 cm) and mineral layers (mineral-I: 0–10, mineral-II: 10–20 cm) at two topographic locations (upland and lowland) with different elevations. Sequential chemical extraction revealed that the NaOH-Po fraction, as moderately recalcitrant P, was the dominant form in humic and mineral-I layers in both upland and lowland soils, whereas the cHCl-Pi fraction was the dominant form in the mineral-II layer. The resistant P content, including NaOH-Pi, HCl-Pi, cHCl-Pi, and cHCl-Po fractions, was higher in the upland than in the lowland. However, the labile P content, NaHCO3-Po, showed the opposite pattern. The content of resistant Pi (NaOH-Pi, HCl-Pi, and cHCl-Pi) increased significantly with depth, but that of labile Pi (resin-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi) and recalcitrant Po (NaHCO3-Po, NaOH-Po, and cHCl-Po) decreased significantly with depth at both locations. 31P-NMR spectroscopy revealed inorganic orthophosphate and monoesters-P as the major forms in this area. The proportions of Pi and Po evaluated by sequential chemical extraction and 31P-NMR spectroscopy were basically consistent. The results indicate that the soils were in weathered conditions. Furthermore, the P distribution and forms in this coastal sand dune landscape significantly differed between the upland and lowland because of the variation in elevation and eolian aggradation effects.
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Distribution Changes of Phosphorus in Soil–Plant Systems of Larch Plantations across the Chronosequence. FORESTS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/f9090563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the most important factors influencing the growth and quality of larch plantations. A systematic knowledge of the dynamic changes of P in soil–plant systems can provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of larch plantations. We determined the concentration, biomass, and accumulation of P in five tree components (i.e., leaf, branch, bark, stem, and root), and the concentrations of various soil P fractions of larch plantations in 10-, 25-, and 50-year-old stands in northeast China. Our results showed that the N:P ratio and P concentration in leaves increased with stand age, indicating that the growth of larch plantations might be limited by P in the development of stands. The N:P ratio and P concentration in roots, and P resorption efficiency, increased with stand age, indicating the use efficiency of P could be enhanced in older stands. The concentrations of soil-labile P fractions (Resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi, and NaHCO3-Po) in 25- and 50-year-old stands were significantly lower than those in 10-year-old stands, indicating the availability of soil P decreases with the development of larch plantations.
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