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Krebs L, Verhoeven J, Verbruggen S, Lesar A, Meddah R, Blouin M, Venema K, Chamberland J, Brisson G. Assessment of protein and phospholipid bioaccessibility in ultrafiltered buttermilk cheese using TIM-1 in vitro gastrointestinal methods. Food Res Int 2024; 190:114606. [PMID: 38945574 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
To meet the high consumer demand, butter production has increased over the last few years. As a result, the buttermilk (BM) co-produced volumes require new ways of adding value, such as in cheese manufacturing. However, BM use in cheese milk negatively influences the cheesemaking process (e.g., altered coagulation properties) and the product's final quality (e.g., high moisture content). The concentration of BM by ultrafiltration (UF) could potentially facilitate its use in cheese manufacturing through an increased protein content while maintaining the milk salt balance. Simultaneously, little is known about the digestion of UF BM cheese. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the impact of UF BM on cheese manufacture, its structure, and its behavior during in vitro digestion. A 2-fold UF concentrated BM was used for cheese manufacture (skim milk [SM] - control). Compositional, textural, and microstructural analyses of cheeses were first conducted. In a second step, the cheeses were fed into an in vitro TNO gastrointestinal digestion model (TIM-1) of the stomach and small intestine and protein and phospholipid (PL) bioaccessibility was studied. The results showed that UF BM cheese significantly differed from SM cheese regarding its composition, hardness (p < 0.05) and microstructure. However, in TIM-1, UF BM and SM cheeses showed similar digestion behavior as a percentage of protein and PL intake. Despite relatively more non-digested and non-absorbed PL in the ileum efflux of UF BM cheese, the initially higher PL concentration contributes to an enhanced nutritional value compared to SM cheese. To our knowledge, this study is the first to compare the bioaccessibility of proteins and PL from UF BM and SM cheeses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Krebs
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Dairy Science and Technology Research Centre (STELA), Department of Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jessica Verhoeven
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation (HEFI), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University - campus Venlo, 5928 SZ Venlo, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne Verbruggen
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation (HEFI), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University - campus Venlo, 5928 SZ Venlo, the Netherlands
| | - Aleksander Lesar
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rihab Meddah
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Dairy Science and Technology Research Centre (STELA), Department of Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Maude Blouin
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Dairy Science and Technology Research Centre (STELA), Department of Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Koen Venema
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation (HEFI), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University - campus Venlo, 5928 SZ Venlo, the Netherlands
| | - Julien Chamberland
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Dairy Science and Technology Research Centre (STELA), Department of Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Guillaume Brisson
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Dairy Science and Technology Research Centre (STELA), Department of Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Trajkovska B, Nakov G, Prabhat ST, Badgujar PC. Effect of Blueberry Pomace Addition on Quality Attributes of Buttermilk-Based Fermented Drinks during Cold Storage. Foods 2024; 13:1770. [PMID: 38890998 PMCID: PMC11171537 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The fruit and beverage industry faces challenges related to waste management and environmental pollution due to rapid industrial expansion. Fruit industry waste, such as blueberry pomace, holds the promise of enhancing gut health and providing valuable antioxidants. Concurrently, buttermilk, a prominent dairy product, offers nutritional and technological benefits but remains underutilized. This study aimed to evaluate the incorporation of blueberry pomace (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) into buttermilk at varying levels and assess its impact on the physicochemical, antioxidant, microbiological, and sensory characteristics of the buttermilk. Buttermilk samples were supplemented with different concentrations of blueberry pomace and subjected to analysis over a two-week storage period (4 ± 1 °C). The addition of blueberry pomace led to alterations in the pH, dry matter, water holding capacity, color parameters, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. Microbiological analysis revealed the absence of Enterobacteriaceae, yeast, or molds. Sensory evaluation indicated significant differences among samples, with the highest scores observed for the buttermilk supplemented with 2% and 4% blueberry pomace. Incorporating blueberry pomace improved the overall acceptability and sensory properties. This research highlights the potential of fruit industry by-products to enhance the functionality and health benefits of dairy products, which is a promising way to effectively utilize waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Trajkovska
- Faculty of Biotechnical Sciences—Bitola, University “St. Kliment Ohridski”—Bitola, 7000 Bitola, North Macedonia
| | - Gjore Nakov
- College of Sliven, Technical University of Sofia, 8800 Sliven, Bulgaria;
| | - Sari Thachappully Prabhat
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonipat 131028, Haryana, India; (S.T.P.); (P.C.B.)
| | - Prarabdh C. Badgujar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonipat 131028, Haryana, India; (S.T.P.); (P.C.B.)
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Shi R, Mu Z, Hu J, Jiang Z, Hou J. Non-thermal techniques as an approach to modify the structure of milk proteins and improve their functionalities: a review of novel preparation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-29. [PMID: 37811663 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2263571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Milk proteins (MPs) have been widely used in the food industry due to their excellent functionalities. However, MPs are thermal-unstable substances and their functional properties are easily affected by heat treatment. Emerging non-thermal approaches (i.e., high-pressure homogenization (HPH), ultrasound (US), pulsed electric field (PEF)) have been increasingly popular. A detailed understanding of these approaches' impacts on the structure and functionalities of MPs can provide theoretical guidance for further development to accelerate their industrialization. SCOPE AND APPROACH This review assesses the mechanisms of HPH, US and PEF technologies on the structure and functionalities of MPs from molecular, mesoscopic and macroscopic levels, elucidates the modifications of MPs by these theologies combined with other methods, and further discusses their existing issues and the development in the food filed. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS The structure of MPs changed after HPH, US and PEF treatment, affecting their functionalities. The changes in these properties of MPs are related to treated-parameters of used-technologies, the concentration of MPs, as well as molecular properties. Additionally, these technologies combined with other methods could obtain some outstanding functional properties for MPs. If properly managed, these theologies can be tailored for manufacturing superior functional MPs for various processing fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
- Institute of BioPharmceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, PR China
- National Enterprise Technology Center, Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd, Huhhot, PR China
| | - Zhishen Mu
- National Enterprise Technology Center, Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd, Huhhot, PR China
| | - Jialun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Zhanmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Juncai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
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Günal-Köroğlu D, Erskine E, Ozkan G, Capanoglu E, Esatbeyoglu T. Applications and safety aspects of bioactives obtained from by-products/wastes. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2023; 107:213-261. [PMID: 37898541 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Due to the negative impacts of food loss and food waste on the environment, economy, and social contexts, it is a necessity to take action in order to reduce these wastes from post-harvest to distribution. In addition to waste reduction, bioactives obtained from by-products or wastes can be utilized by new end-users by considering the safety aspects. It has been reported that physical, biological, and chemical safety features of raw materials, instruments, environment, and processing methods should be assessed before and during valorization. It has also been indicated that meat by-products/wastes including collagen, gelatin, polysaccharides, proteins, amino acids, lipids, enzymes and chitosan; dairy by-products/wastes including whey products, buttermilk and ghee residue; fruit and vegetable by-products/wastes such as pomace, leaves, skins, seeds, stems, seed oils, gums, fiber, polyphenols, starch, cellulose, galactomannan, pectin; cereal by-products/wastes like vitamins, dietary fibers, fats, proteins, starch, husk, and trub have been utilized as animal feed, food supplements, edible coating, bio-based active packaging systems, emulsifiers, water binders, gelling, stabilizing, foaming or whipping agents. This chapter will explain the safety aspects of bioactives obtained from various by-products/wastes. Additionally, applications of bioactives obtained from by-products/wastes have been included in detail by emphasizing the source, form of bioactive compound as well as the effect of said bioactive compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Günal-Köroğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Erskine
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulay Ozkan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Department of Food Development and Food Quality, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde, Hannover, Germany.
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Zheng N, Long M, Zhang Z, Du S, Huang X, Osire T, Xia X. Behavior of enzymes under high pressure in food processing: mechanisms, applications, and developments. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37243343 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2217268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
High pressure processing (HPP) offers the benefits of safety, uniformity, energy-efficient, and low waste, which is widely applied for microbial inactivation and shelf-life extension for foods. Over the past forty years, HPP has been extensively researched in the food industry, enabling the inactivation or activation of different enzymes in future food by altering their molecular structure and active site conformation. Such activation or inactivation of enzymes effectively hinders the spoilage of food and the production of beneficial substances, which is crucial for improving food quality. This paper reviews the mechanism in which high pressure affects the stability and activity of enzymes, concludes the roles of key enzymes in the future food processed using high pressure technologies. Moreover, we discuss the application of modified enzymes based on high pressure, providing insights into the future direction of enzyme evolution under complex food processing conditions (e.g. high temperature, high pressure, high shear, and multiple elements). Finally, we conclude with prospects of high pressure technology and research directions in the future. Although HPP has shown positive effects in improving the future food quality, there is still a pressing need to develop new and effective combined processing methods, upgrade processing modes, and promote sustainable lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mengfei Long
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zehua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shuang Du
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xinlei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tolbert Osire
- Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaole Xia
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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