Traceability of Sustainability and Safety in Fishery Supply Chain Management Systems Using Radio Frequency Identification Technology

Design of agricultural product traceability system based on blockchain and RFID

Ensuring the traceability of agricultural products is essential for quality control and food safety. Recent technological advances have provided new ways to enhance traceability systems. This study aims to use blockchain technology, centralized database and RFID tags to develop a secure agricultural product traceability system, retain the detailed information of agricultural products traceability, ensure that the summary information of agricultural products on the chain cannot be modified, and optimize the SM3 algorithm to effectively summarize the traceability data and improve the efficiency of the system. The aggregated data is time-stamped, recorded on the blockchain, and written into an RFID tag. The optimization of the SM3 algorithm improved the efficiency by 30% and reduced the execution time of 192-byte messages to 210µs. The system ensures accurate linking of traceability data through secure data retention and unalterable summaries on the blockchain. The integrated use of blockchain, centralized database and RFID technology, as well as the enhanced SM3 algorithm, allows the system to meet the standards for data accuracy and performance requirements in agricultural traceability applications.

Selective ionization of marker molecules in fuels by laser-based ion mobility spectrometry (LIMS)

Careful quality control of complex matrices such as fuels and food is necessary due to the prevalence of counterfeit and pirated goods in global trade. The addition of taggants (indicator substances) to products or their packaging helps to ensure traceability. In order to prevent the mixing of different liquid products, such as different taxed fuels, invisible labelling (marker) can be used to detect illegal activities. This study investigates the qualitative and quantitative analysis of markers in complex fuel matrices using Resonance-Enhanced Multiphoton Ionisation (REMPI) Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS). The potential of REMPI as a selective ionisation technique for the detection of markers is highlighted, particularly with respect to minimizing matrix background and the possibility of detection without chromatographic pre-separation. Finding a suitable marker-wavelength combination that provides a suitable marker-to-matrix ratio allows selective ionization of markers while minimising matrix background. Matrix analysis shows that higher excitation wavelengths result in reduced matrix signals, with the low intensities observed at 355 nm for diesel and petrol matrices. Several candidate markers are evaluated based on the criteria of intense signal at 355 nm and non-leachability for the low tax labelling. The analytical performance of selected markers is evaluated, with a focus on the charge transfer reaction (CTR) between markers and matrix components. Our findings demonstrate the potential of REMPI-IMS for marker analysis in fuels without the need for chromatographic pre-separation, providing a promising approach for detecting illegal or fraudulent activities in the supply chain.

Research on intelligent file management system: a design strategy based on RFID technology and improved AICT algorithm

In this modern era of technology and digitalization, keeping track of a manual file system in the office environment is a challenging task. This research proposes a radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to improve conventional file management systems. The proposed system includes advances in information and communication technology (AICT) algorithm that addresses tag collision problems, resulting in increased data collection and reduced communication traffic. The system consists of modules such as information collection, file management, and user management. Each is analyzed from various aspects. Simulation results show that the AICT algorithm outperforms the improved collision tree algorithm by increasing recognition efficiency by 10% and reducing communication traffic by 30%. Moreover, the proposed approach provides a simple and convenient way to manage files in real-time meeting the needs of modern times. The AICT algorithm excelled the other algorithms regarding recognition efficiency.

Food traceability 4.0 as part of the fourth industrial revolution: key enabling technologies

Food Traceability 4.0 (FT 4.0) is about tracing foods in the era of the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) with techniques and technologies reflecting this new revolution. Interest in food traceability has gained momentum in response to, among others events, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, reinforcing the need for digital food traceability that prevents food fraud and provides reliable information about food. This review will briefly summarize the most common conventional methods available to determine food authenticity before highlighting examples of emerging techniques that can be used to combat food fraud and improve food traceability. A particular focus will be on the concept of FT 4.0 and the significant role of digital solutions and other relevant Industry 4.0 innovations in enhancing food traceability. Based on this review, a possible new research topic, namely FT 4.0, is encouraged to take advantage of the rapid digitalization and technological advances occurring in the era of Industry 4.0. The main FT 4.0 enablers are blockchain, the Internet of things, artificial intelligence, and big data. Digital technologies in the age of Industry 4.0 have significant potential to improve the way food is traced, decrease food waste and reduce vulnerability to fraud opening new opportunities to achieve smarter food traceability. Although most of these emerging technologies are still under development, it is anticipated that future research will overcome current limitations making large-scale applications possible.

The Influence of the Development of the Internet of Things Industry on the Optimization of the High- and New-Tech Industry Structure under the Wireless Mobile Network

At present, the pressure on China's economic development is increasing day by day due to the profound changes in the internal and external environment. The global economic pattern is undergoing significant changes in terms of the external environment. Adjusting and optimizing the industrial structure will aid in achieving the goal of facilitating transformation through steady growth in the short term. Meanwhile, it will also accelerate sustainable economic development. In this study, the relevant theories of industrial structure optimization are described based on the impact of wireless mobile networks and the Internet of things (IoT) industry. Based on the gray correlation degree, the high- and new-tech industries under the development of the IoT industry are analyzed and the impact of optimization of the high- and new-tech industry structure is investigated. The results show that the development of the IoT industry has driven the development of the high- and new-tech industry. The gray correlation between the development of the IoT industry and the high- and new-tech industry obtained is 0.64, indicating a strong correlation. The average output share of the electronic computer and office equipment manufacturing industries is 47.09%. The average output ratio of the industrial structure optimization of the electronics and communication manufacturing industry is 42.55%. Moreover, the proportion of the output of medical manufacturing and medical equipment and instrument manufacturing industrial structure optimization is small, 15.63% and 10.54%, respectively. The results have significant value in the research on the impact of the development of the IoT industry on the high- and new-tech industry under the wireless mobile network and the effect of its industrial structure optimization.

Consumers' Preferences for the Traceability Information of Seafood Safety

Due to importing food and the perpetual changes from conventional wet markets to supermarkets in emerging markets, consumers have the opportunity to base their buying decisions on traceability systems. Seafood traceability systems involve information on production mode, inspection notes, sustainable sources, and sources of origin to provide consumer protection and help ensure that all seafood is safe to consume. This study aims to explore seafood markets by assessing the demand for traceability information attributes by utilising data from an experimental survey in an emerging market such as Bangladesh. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, and a conditional logit model. The results demonstrate that consumers are concerned regarding vitamins, cholesterol, and preservatives, while they are little concerned about microbiological contamination, pesticide residues, genetic modification, and additives or artificial colours. The difference between the mean willingness to pay (WTP) for traditional and sustainable farmed fish is higher than that between the mean WTP for conventional and sustainable wild fish. In a ranked-choice voting system, the ‘production mode’ and ‘claim of safety control (e.g., being formalin-free)’ were the first and second most influential attributes in fish choices. The outcomes of the econometric model revealed that consumers are more likely to prefer traceability information about fish control (e.g., formalin-free), and they want to pay a price premium for this information. Alternatively, consumers are less likely to prefer farmed and imported fish, and their WTP for these fishes are highly inflated. This finding may be because consumers use wild and local origin as a cue for food safety or quality. This study hopes that the effects of such traceability information will optimise the production process and supply chain and help make seafood recall management more effective.

Analysis of Regional Efficiency in the Use of the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (FEMP) in the Eurozone Countries

The European Union (EU) launched the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) in the 1970s. Currently, a large part of the CFP has been financed with the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (FEMP). This research aims to determine whether there is a high degree of homogeneity in the levels of efficiency achieved by the fishing projects financed by European Funds for the period 2014 to 2020. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology was adopted. The main results showed that there is a high degree of heterogeneity in the level of efficiency achieved by European countries during the analyzed period. Moreover, despite the fact that regional efficiency has been increasing during the years under study, territorial disparities persist over time. This research provides a contribution for policymakers targeting better use of the FEMP funds for the upcoming funding package 2021–2027.