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Seth M, Mondal P, Ghosh D, Biswas R, Chatterjee S, Mukhopadhyay SK. Metabolomic and genomic insights into TMA degradation by a novel halotolerant strain - Paracoccus sp. PS1. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:201. [PMID: 38564030 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03931-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut metabolite that acts as a biomarker for chronic diseases, and is generated by the oxidation of trimethylamine (TMA) produced by gut microflora. Since, microbial degradation of TMA is predicted to be used to restrict the production of TMAO, we aimed to isolate bacterial strains that could effectively degrade TMA before being oxidized to TMAO. As marine fish is considered to have a rich content of TMAO, we have isolated TMA degrading isolates from fish skin. Out of the fourteen isolates, depending on their rapid TMA utilization capability in mineral salt medium supplemented with TMA as a sole carbon and nitrogen source, isolate PS1 was selected as our desired isolate. Its TMA degrading capacity was further confirmed through spectrophotometric, Electrospray Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (ESI TOF-MS) and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis and in silico analysis of whole genome (WG) gave further insights of protein into its TMA degradation pathways. PS1 was taxonomically identified as Paracoccus sp. based on its 16S rRNA and whole genome sequence analysis. As PS1 possesses the enzymes required for degradation of TMA, clinical use of this isolate has the potential to reduce TMAO generation in the human gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhupa Seth
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyajit Mondal
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Dhritishree Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Raju Biswas
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Sumit Chatterjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhra Kanti Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, 713104, West Bengal, India.
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Wei J, Li Z, Fan Y, Feng L, Zhong X, Li W, Guo T, Ning X, Li Z, Ou C. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG aggravates vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease: A potential role for extracellular vesicles. Life Sci 2023; 331:122001. [PMID: 37625519 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is a probiotic with great promise in future clinical application, which can significantly promote bone formation. However, the effect of LGG on CKD-related vascular calcification is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of LGG on CKD-related vascular calcification. MATERIALS AND METHODS After 2 weeks of 5/6 nephrectomy, CKD rats received a special diet (4 % calcium and 1.8 % phosphate) combined with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to induce vascular calcification. Meanwhile, CKD rats in the LGG group were gavaged orally with LGG (1 × 109 CFU bacteria/day). 16S RNA amplicon sequencing was performed to analyze the effect of LGG treatment on gut microbiota composition. Furthermore, differential ultracentrifugation was utilized to extract EVs. The effects of EVs on vascular calcification were evaluated in rat VSMCs, rat aortic rings, and CKD rat calcification models. In this study, vascular calcification was assessed by microcomputed tomography analysis, alizarin red staining, calcium content determination, and the expression of osteogenic transcription factors RUNX2 and BMP2. KEY FINDINGS LGG remarkably aggravated vascular calcification. LGG supplementation significantly altered gut microbiota composition in CKD rats, particularly increasing Lactobacillus. Interestingly, EVs presented a significant promoting effect on the development of calcification. Finally, mechanistic analysis proved that EVs aggravated vascular calcification through PI3K/AKT signaling. SIGNIFICANCE These results do not support the supplementation of LGG in CKD-associated vascular calcification patients. Our study presented a fresh perspective on LGG with potential risks and adverse effects. CKD patients should use specific probiotic strains cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Wei
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Dongguan 523018, PR China
| | - Zehua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Fan
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Dongguan 523018, PR China
| | - Liyun Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xinglong Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Liuzhou Workers' Hospital, Liuzhou, PR China
| | - Weirun Li
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Dongguan 523018, PR China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Ning
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Dongguan 523018, PR China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Dongguan 523018, PR China.
| | - Caiwen Ou
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Dongguan 523018, PR China.
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Longoria CR, Guers JJ, Campbell SC. The Interplay between Cardiovascular Disease, Exercise, and the Gut Microbiome. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2022; 23:365. [PMID: 39076202 PMCID: PMC11269073 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2311365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, with physical inactivity being a known contributor to the global rates of CVD incidence. The gut microbiota has been associated with many diseases including CVD and other comorbidities such at type 2 diabetes and obesity. Researchers have begun to examine the gut microbiome as a predictor of early disease states by detecting disruptions, or dysbiosis, in the microbiota. Evidence is lacking to investigate the potential link between the gut microbiota, exercise, and CVD risk and development. Research supports that diets with whole food have reduced instances of CVD and associated diseases, increased abundances of beneficial gut bacteria, and altered gut-derived metabolite production. Further, exercise and lifestyle changes to increase physical activity demonstrate improved health outcomes related to CVD risk and comorbidities and gut microbial diversity. It is difficult to study an outcome such as CVD when including multiple factors; however, it is evident that exercise, lifestyle, and the gut microbiota contribute to improved health in their own ways. This review will highlight current research findings and what potential treatments of CVD may be generated by manipulation of the gut microbiota and/or exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace R. Longoria
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - John J. Guers
- Department of Biology, Behavioral Neuroscience and Health Science, Rider University, Lawrenceville, NJ 08646, USA
| | - Sara C. Campbell
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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Cantero M, Guedes M, Fernandes R, Lollo PCB. Trimethylamine N-oxide reduction is related to probiotic strain specificity: a systematic review. Nutr Res 2022; 104:29-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Wang Q, Guo M, Liu Y, Xu M, Shi L, Li X, Zhao J, Zhang H, Wang G, Chen W. Bifidobacterium breve and Bifidobacterium longum Attenuate Choline-Induced Plasma Trimethylamine N-Oxide Production by Modulating Gut Microbiota in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061222. [PMID: 35334879 PMCID: PMC8950610 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the main cause of myocardial infarction and stroke, and the morbidity and mortality rates of cardiovascular disease are among the highest of any disease worldwide. Excessive plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), an intestinal metabolite, promotes the development of atherosclerosis. Therefore, effective measures for reducing plasma TMAO production can contribute to preventing atherosclerosis. Probiotics are living microorganisms that are beneficial to the human body, and some of them can attenuate plasma TMAO production. To explore the effects of probiotic supplementation on plasma TMAO in choline-fed mice, we intragastrically administered eight strains of Bifidobacterium breve and eight strains of Bifidobacterium longum to mice for 6 weeks. B. breve Bb4 and B. longum BL1 and BL7 significantly reduced plasma TMAO and plasma and cecal trimethylamine concentrations. However, hepatic flavin monooxygenase (FMO) activity, flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3), farnesoid X receptor (FXR) protein expression and TMAO fractional excretion were not significantly affected by Bifidobacterium supplementation. The treatment of Bifidobacterium strains modulated the abundances of several genera such as Ruminococcaceae UCG-009, Ruminococcaceae UCG-010, which belong to the Firmicutes that has been reported with cut gene clusters, which may be related to the reduction in intestinal TMA and plasma TMAO. Additionally, a reduction in Ruminococcaceae indicates a reduction in circulating glucose and lipids, which may be another pathway by which Bifidobacterium strains reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. The effect of Bifidobacterium strains on Bacteroides also suggests a relationship between the abundance of this genus and TMA concentrations in the gut. Therefore, the mechanism underlying these changes might be gut microbiota regulation. These Bifidobacterium strains may have therapeutic potential for alleviating TMAO-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Min Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yang Liu
- KLATASDS-MOE, School of Statistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Mengshu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Liuting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center, Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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