1
|
Yu L, Jovcevski B, Pukala TL, Bulone V. Profiling and optimized extraction of bioactive polyphenolic compounds from young, red-fleshed apple using eco-friendly deep eutectic solvents. Food Res Int 2024; 187:114334. [PMID: 38763634 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Red-fleshed apple cultivars with an enhanced content of polyphenolic compounds have attracted increasing interest due to their promising health benefits. Here, we have analysed the polyphenolic content of young, red-fleshed apples (RFA) and optimised extraction conditions of phenolics by utilising natural deep eutectic solvents (NDES). We also compare the antioxidant, neuroprotective and antimicrobial activities of NDES- and methanol-extracted phenolics from young RFA. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) was used for phenolics identification and quantification. Besides young RFA, ripe red-fleshed, young and ripe white-fleshed apples were analysed, revealing that young RFA possess the highest phenolic content (2078.4 ± 4.0 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g), and that ripe white-fleshed apples contain the least amount of phenolics (545.0 ± 32.0 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g). The NDES choline chloride-glycerol containing 40 % w/w H2O gave similar yields at 40 °C as methanol. In addition, the polyphenolics profile, and bioactivities of the NDES extract from young RFA were comparable that of methanol extracts. Altogether, our data show that NDES extracts of young RFA are a promising source of bioactive polyphenolics with potential applications in diverse sectors, e.g., for functional food production, smart material engineering and natural therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Yu
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Campus, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia.
| | - Blagojce Jovcevski
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Campus, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia; Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, North Terrace Campus, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Tara L Pukala
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, North Terrace Campus, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Vincent Bulone
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Campus, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
DiGuilio KM, Rybakovsky E, Baek Y, Valenzano MC, Mullin JM. The multiphasic TNF-α-induced compromise of Calu-3 airway epithelial barrier function. Exp Lung Res 2023; 49:72-85. [PMID: 37000123 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2023.2193637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Airway epithelial barrier leak and the involvement of proinflammatory cytokines play a key role in a variety of diseases. This study evaluates barrier compromise by the inflammatory mediator Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) in the human airway epithelial Calu-3 model. Methods: We examined the effects of TNF-α on barrier function in Calu-3 cell layers using Transepithelial Electrical Resistance (TER) and transepithelial diffusion of radiolabeled probe molecules. Western immunoblot analyses of tight junctional (TJ) proteins in detergent soluble fractions were performed. Results: TNF-α dramatically reduced TER and increased paracellular permeability of both 14C-D-mannitol and the larger 5 kDa probe, 14C-inulin. A time course of the effects shows two separate actions on barrier function. An initial compromise of barrier function occurs 2-4 hours after TNF-α exposure, followed by complete recovery of barrier function by 24 hrs. Beginning 48 hrs. post-exposure, a second more sustained barrier compromise ensues, in which leakiness persists through 144 hrs. There were no changes in TJ proteins observed at 3 hrs. post exposure, but significant increases in claudins-2, -3, -4, and -5, as well as a decrease in occludin were seen at 72 hrs. post TNF-α exposure. Both the 2-4 hr. and the 72 hr. TNF-α induced leaks are shown to be mediated by the ERK signaling pathway. Conclusion: TNF-α induced a multiphasic transepithelial leak in Calu-3 cell layers that was shown to be ERK mediated, as well as involve changes in the TJ complex. The micronutrients, retinoic acid and calcitriol, were effective at reducing this barrier compromise caused by TNF-α. The significance of these results for airway disease and for COVID-19 specifically are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yoongyeong Baek
- Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - James M Mullin
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zongo AWS, Zogona D, Youssef M, Ye S, Zhan F, Li J, Li B. Senegalia macrostachya seed polysaccharides attenuate inflammation-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction in a Caco-2 and RAW264.7 macrophage co-culture model by inhibiting the NF-κB/MLCK pathway. Food Funct 2022; 13:11676-11689. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02377f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Senegalia macrostachya seed polysaccharides improved the Caco-2 cell monolayer integrity from the inflammatory insult. SMSP2 treatment lowered the inflammatory cytokine release, increased TJ proteins, and downregulated the NF-κB/MLCK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abel Wend-Soo Zongo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
- Center for Research in Biological Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Daniel Zogona
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
- Center for Research in Biological Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Mahmoud Youssef
- Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shuxin Ye
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Fuchao Zhan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| |
Collapse
|