1
|
Sun M, Ma J, Cai Z, Yan J, Ma R, Yu M, Xie Y, Shen Z. Sensory Determination of Peach and Nectarine Germplasms with Instrumental Analysis. Foods 2023; 12:4444. [PMID: 38137247 PMCID: PMC10743018 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The flavour and mouthfeel of peaches are crucial qualities of peach germplasm resources that significantly influence consumer preferences. In this study, we utilized 212 peach germplasm resources from the Nanjing Peach Resource Repository, National Fruit Germplasm facility, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences as materials for sensory analysis, electronic nose analysis, and composition analysis via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the sensory analysis, we divided 212 peach germplasms into three clusters based on hierarchical cluster analysis (d = 5). No.27, No.151, and No.46 emerged as the most representative of these clusters. The electronic nose was used to conduct an evaluation of the aroma profiles of the 212 peach germplasms, revealing that the primary distinguishing factors of peach aroma can be attributed to three sensors: W1S (methane), W1W (terpenes and organosulfur compounds), and W5S (hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds). The primary differences in the aromatic substances were characterized by sensors W2W (aromatic compounds, sulphur, and chlorine compounds) and W1C (aromatic benzene). The HPLC analysis indicated that the persistence of peach sensory characteristics was positively correlated with acids and sourness and negatively correlated with sweetness and the ratio of sugar to acids. The overall impression of the 212 peach germplasms revealed a negative correlation with acids, while a positive correlation was observed between the overall impression and the ratio of sugar to acids. Therefore, this study substantially contributes to the preliminary screening of the analysed specific characteristics of peach germplasms such as No.27, No.46, No.151, and No.211. These selections may provide valuable information for the potential creation of superior germplasm resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Sun
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China; (M.S.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Julin Ma
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China; (M.S.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhixiang Cai
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China; (M.S.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Juan Yan
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China; (M.S.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ruijuan Ma
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China; (M.S.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Mingliang Yu
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China; (M.S.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yinfeng Xie
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhijun Shen
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China; (M.S.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Olmedo P, Zepeda B, Delgado-Rioseco J, Leiva C, Moreno AA, Sagredo K, Blanco-Herrera F, Pedreschi R, Infante R, Meneses C, Campos-Vargas R. Metabolite Profiling Reveals the Effect of Cold Storage on Primary Metabolism in Nectarine Varieties with Contrasting Mealiness. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:766. [PMID: 36840114 PMCID: PMC9965640 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chilling injury is a physiological disorder caused by cold storage in peaches and nectarines. The main symptom of chilling injury is mealiness/wooliness, described as a lack of juice in fruit flesh. In this work, we studied two nectarine varieties (Andes Nec-2 and Andes Nec-3) with contrasting susceptibility to mealiness after cold storage. A non-targeted metabolomic analysis was conducted by GC-MS to understand if changes in metabolite abundance are associated with nectarine mealiness induced by cold storage. Multivariate analyses indicated that in unripe nectarines, cold storage promoted a higher accumulation of amino acids in both varieties. Interestingly, for ripe nectarines, cold storage induced an accumulation of fewer amino acids in both varieties and showed an increased abundance of sugars and organic acids. A pathway reconstruction of primary metabolism revealed that in ripe nectarines, cold storage disrupted metabolite abundance in sugar metabolism and the TCA cycle, leading to a differential accumulation of amino acids, organic acids, and sugars in mealy and juicy nectarines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Olmedo
- Centro de Estudios Postcosecha, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8831314, Chile
| | - Baltasar Zepeda
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joaquín Delgado-Rioseco
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - Carol Leiva
- Centro de Estudios Postcosecha, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8831314, Chile
| | - Adrián A. Moreno
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - Karen Sagredo
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8831314, Chile
| | - Francisca Blanco-Herrera
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - Romina Pedreschi
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota 2260000, Chile
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation (CRG), Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Infante
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8831314, Chile
| | - Claudio Meneses
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago 8370186, Chile
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation (CRG), Santiago 7800003, Chile
- Departamento de Fruticultura y Enología, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Reinaldo Campos-Vargas
- Centro de Estudios Postcosecha, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8831314, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang X, Su M, Du J, Zhou H, Li X, Zhang M, Hu Y, Ye Z. Analysis of the free amino acid content and profile of 129 peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) germplasms using LC-MS/MS without derivatization. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|