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Econdi S, Bisio C, Carniato F, Marchesi S, Paul G, Gargani E, Cutino I, Caselli A, Guidotti M. Aldehyde-containing clays: a sustainable approach against the olive tree pest, Bactrocera oleae. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9995-10006. [PMID: 38814123 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00705k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
A set of organic/inorganic layered materials was obtained by functionalizing a montmorillonite-containing bentonite natural clay with linear aliphatic C6 or C7 aldehydes through a cost-effective and technologically simple incipient-wetness deposition method. The solids were investigated by means of a multi-technique approach (X-ray powder diffraction, XRPD, scanning electron microscopy, SEM, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, FT-IR, thermogravimetric analysis, TGA, elemental analysis and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, ssNMR) to clarify the nature of the deposited organic species and the mode of interaction between the aldehyde and the clay. Since both natural clays and short-chain linear aldehydes find application as alternative strategies in the control of the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, the hybrid layered materials were tested under real-life conditions and their insect-inhibiting capability was evaluated in open-field trials on olive tree orchards in Tuscany, Central Italy. Specific tests were conducted to evaluate the resistance of the solids to weathering and their capability to provide a constant and long-lasting release of the bioactive ingredient. Aldehyde-containing bentonite clays have shown promising performance in controlling B. oleae infestation (with up to 86-95% reduction of affected olive fruits) in open-field trials across two years in two locations with different pedological and meteo-climatic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Econdi
- CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta", Via C. Golgi 19, Milan, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bisio
- CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta", Via C. Golgi 19, Milan, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Fabio Carniato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Stefano Marchesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Geo Paul
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Gargani
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'Economia Agraria CREA- Centro di ricerca Difesa e Certificazione DC, Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cutino
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'Economia Agraria CREA- Centro di ricerca Difesa e Certificazione DC, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Caselli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Guidotti
- CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta", Via C. Golgi 19, Milan, Italy.
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Guo L, Wang H, Hao C, Chi Z, Cheng L, Yang H, Zhang J, Zhao R, Wu Y. Investigation of the soybean infiltration process utilizing low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technology. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297756. [PMID: 38363777 PMCID: PMC10871503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper employs low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) technology to meticulously analyze and explore the intricate soybean infiltration process. The methodology involves immersing soybeans in distilled water, with periodic implementation of Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) pulse sequence experiments conducted at intervals of 20 to 30 minutes to determine the relaxation time T2. Currently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is conducted every 30 minutes. The analysis uncovers the existence of three distinct water phases during the soybean infiltration process: bound water denoted as T21, sub-bound water represented by T22, and free water indicated as T23. The evolution of these phases unfolds as follows: bound water T21 displays a steady oscillation within the timeframe of 0 to 400 minutes; sub-bound water T22 and free water T23 exhibit a progressive pattern characterized by a rise-stable-rise trajectory. Upon scrutinizing the magnetic resonance images, it is discerned that the soybean infiltration commences at a gradual pace from the seed umbilicus. The employment of LF-NMR technology contributes significantly by affording an expeditious, non-destructive, and dynamic vantage point to observe the intricate motion of water migration during soybean infiltration. This dynamic insight into the movement of water elucidates the intricate mass transfer pathway within the soybean-water system, thus furnishing a robust scientific foundation for the optimization of processing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Guo
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medical Imaging, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chenru Hao
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medical Imaging, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ziqiang Chi
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medical Imaging, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medical Imaging, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haibo Yang
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medical Imaging, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medical Imaging, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruibin Zhao
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medical Imaging, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanru Wu
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medical Imaging, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Caceres-Cortes J, Falk B, Mueller L, Dhar TGM. Perspectives on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Drug Discovery Research. J Med Chem 2024; 67:1701-1733. [PMID: 38290426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The drug discovery landscape has undergone a significant transformation over the past decade, owing to research endeavors in a wide range of areas leading to strategies for pursuing new drug targets and the emergence of novel drug modalities. NMR spectroscopy has been a technology of fundamental importance to these research pursuits and has seen its use expanded both within and outside of traditional medicinal chemistry applications. In this perspective, we will present advancement of NMR-derived methods that have facilitated the characterization of small molecules and novel drug modalities including macrocyclic peptides, cyclic dinucleotides, and ligands for protein degradation. We will discuss innovations in NMR spectroscopy at the chemistry and biology interface that have broadened NMR's utility from hit identification through lead optimization activities. We will also discuss the promise of emerging NMR approaches in bridging our understanding and addressing challenges in the pursuit of the therapeutic agents of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Caceres-Cortes
- Synthesis and Enabling Technologies, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Bradley Falk
- Synthesis and Enabling Technologies, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Luciano Mueller
- Synthesis and Enabling Technologies, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - T G Murali Dhar
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 085401, United States
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Leopold J, Prabutzki P, Engel KM, Schiller J. From Oxidized Fatty Acids to Dimeric Species: In Vivo Relevance, Generation and Methods of Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:7850. [PMID: 38067577 PMCID: PMC10708296 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of free fatty acids (FFAs) and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radicals (HO●) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is characteristic of inflammatory diseases, for instance, rheumatoid arthritis. Unsaturated fatty acids react with ROS yielding a variety of important products such as peroxides and chlorohydrins as primary and chain-shortened compounds (e.g., aldehydes and carboxylic acids) as secondary products. These modified fatty acids are either released from phospholipids by phospholipases or oxidatively modified subsequent to their release. There is increasing evidence that oligomeric products are also generated upon these processes. Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are considered as very important products, but chlorinated compounds may be converted into dimeric and (with smaller yields) oligomeric products, as well. Our review is structured as follows: first, the different types of FFA oligomers known so far and the mechanisms of their putative generation are explained. Industrially relevant products as well as compounds generated from the frying of vegetable oils are also discussed. Second, the different opinions on whether dimeric fatty acids are considered as "friends" or "foes" are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Leopold
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; (P.P.); (K.M.E.); (J.S.)
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Jiang X, Cheng J, Yang F, Hu Z, Zheng Z, Deng Y, Cao B, Xie Y. Visual Colorimetric Detection of Edible Oil Freshness for Peroxides Based on Nanocellulose. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091896. [PMID: 37174435 PMCID: PMC10178133 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional methods for evaluating the edibility of lipids involve the use of organic reagents and complex operations, which limit their routine use. In this study, nanocellulose was prepared from bamboo, and a colorimetric reading strategy based on nanocellulose composite hydrogels was explored to monitor the freshness of edible oils. The hydrogels acted as carriers for peroxide dyes that changed color according to the freshness of the oil, and color information was digitized using UV-vis and RGB analysis. The sensitivity and accuracy of the hydrogel were verified using H2O2, which showed a linear relationship between absorbance and H2O2 content in the range of 0-0.5 and 0.5-11 mmol/kg with R2 of 0.9769 and 0.9899, respectively, while the chromatic parameter showed an exponential relationship with R2 of 0.9626. Surprisingly, the freshness of all seven edible oil samples was correctly identified by the hydrogel, with linear correlation coefficients greater than 0.95 in the UV-vis method and exponential correlation coefficients greater than 0.92 in the RGB method. Additionally, a peroxide value color card was established, with an accuracy rate of 91.67%. This functional hydrogel is expected to be used as a household-type oil freshness indicator to meet the needs of general consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongli Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fangwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Buyuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yunfei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
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