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Zhang J, Jin L, Zhou J, Ma C, Cui J, Jiang J, Li W, Wu S, Zhang W, Hu Y. Ultrasound effect on flavor profile of beef jerky produced with partial potassium salt substitute based on GC-IMS technology. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 111:107139. [PMID: 39492130 PMCID: PMC11570318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.107139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2024] [Revised: 10/09/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024]
Abstract
Traditional beef jerky contains a high content of sodium salt while the reduction of sodium usage impairs the flavor of final product. Regarding above issues, this research innovatively applied ultrasound-assisted salts (NaCl and KCl) recombination in the pickling stage of low-sodium beef jerky, and further compared the flavor differences caused by ultrasound by sensory evaluation, E-nose and GC-IMS. Besides, the changes of physicochemical qualities were explored including salts content, color and shear force. Results showed that ultrasound had positive impacts on flavor quality. The 400 W treatment was chosen as an optimal group for flavor improvement which was mainly related with the increased level of 5 aldehydes (nonanal, 3-methylbutanal, heptanal, pentanal and octanal) and the decreased level of 3 ketones (2-butanone, 2-pentanone and 2,3-pentanedione). Simultaneously, ultrasound increased the redness and tenderness of final product. Thus, ultrasound is a promising approach for improving the flavor of low-sodium beef jerky.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Lei Jin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Jianjun Zhou
- Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Chao Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Jie Cui
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Jinchi Jiang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Wenhui Li
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Si Wu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Wangang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Yonghong Hu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
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Cao S, Fu Y. Lipid degradation contributes to flavor formation during air-dried camel jerky processing. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101683. [PMID: 39157658 PMCID: PMC11327448 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipids play an important role in flavor formation in meat products. To determine the contribution of lipids to flavor formation during air-dried camel jerky processing, lipid changes were analyzed by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS/MS in this study, and volatile compounds were identified by HS-SPME-GC-ToF-MS. Results showed that 606 lipid molecules belonging to 30 subclasses were identified and 206 differential lipid molecules were screened out (VIP > 1, P < 0.05); Cer/NS (d18:1/20:0), LPE (18:1), FA (18:0), GlcADG (12:0/24:1), and PE (18:2e/22:5) were identified as potential lipid biomarkers. A total of 96 volatile compounds were also identified, and 16 of these were identified as key aroma compounds in air-dried camel jerky. Meanwhile, 11 differential lipids significantly, negatively correlated with 7 key aroma compounds (P < 0.05) during processing, indicating that the precursors produced by the degradation of lipid molecules were important sources of volatile flavor substances in air-dried camel jerky.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenyi Cao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China
| | - Yinghua Fu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China
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Xu Y, Zhang D, Xie F, Li X, Schroyen M, Chen L, Hou C. Changes in water holding capacity of chilled fresh pork in controlled freezing-point storage assisted by different modes of electrostatic field action. Meat Sci 2023; 204:109269. [PMID: 37394351 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic field-assisted low-temperature preservation is considered a novel technology, which provides an effective means of extending the shelf-life of meat. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different output time modes of a high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) on the water holding capacity (WHC) of chilled fresh pork during controlled freezing-point storage. Under a direct current HVEF generator, chilled fresh pork samples were treated by the single, interval, or continuous HVEF treatment, with a control check group receiving no HVEF treatment. It was determined that the WHC of the continuous HVEF treatment higher than the control check group. This difference was proven by analyzing the moisture content, storage loss, centrifugal loss, cooking loss, and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Furthermore, the mechanism behind HVEF-assisted controlled freezing-point storage reduced the moisture loss was conducted by examining the changes in the hydration characteristics of myofibrillar protein. The study revealed that myofibrillar proteins exhibit high solubility and low surface hydrophobicity under continuous HVEF. Additionally, continuous HVEF has been demonstrated to effectively maintain the higher WHC and lower hardness of myofibrillar protein gel by inhibiting the water molecule migration. The demonstration of these results showcases the effectiveness of electrostatic fields for the future physical preservation of meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Xu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China; Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage de Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Dequan Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Feifei Xie
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage de Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Chengli Hou
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Li C, Shi J, Zhai X, Yang Z, Huang X, Li Z, Li Y, Zou X. Effects of Pulsed Pressure Curing on Beef Quality. Foods 2023; 12:656. [PMID: 36766184 PMCID: PMC9914823 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was proposed to investigate the effects of pulsed pressure curing on the beef absorption of the curing solution, cooking loss, moisture content, centrifugal loss, salt content, sensory attributes, texture, microstructures and volatile compounds. Curing methods include the following four treatments: (1) control group 1-static curing (SC); (2) control group 2-vacuum curing (VC); (3) control group 3-pressurized curing (PC); and (4) treatment group-pulsed pressure curing (PPC). The acquired results revealed that pulsed pressure curing significantly boosts the curing efficiency and moisture content, decreases cooking loss in beef, brightens meat color, and enhances texture compared to static curing, vacuum curing, and pressurized curing. Additionally, centrifugal losses were not impaired, and sensory findings revealed that PPC significantly improved the saltiness of beef. TPA results showed that the springiness and cohesiveness of PPC were greatly increased, and hardness and chewiness were significantly reduced. Moreover, PPC significantly reduced the content of 1-octen-3-ol and 1-hexanol. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images documented that pulsed pressure curing can effectively increase the tenderness of beef. This study demonstrates that processed meat product efficiency and sensory attributes should be taken into account when selecting a curing technique, and the PPC technique has an advantage in both areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jiyong Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhikun Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yanxiao Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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PENG J, LIU C, XING S, BAI K, LIU F. The application of electrostatic field technology for the preservation of perishable foods. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.121722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiakun PENG
- China Agricultural University, China; China Agricultural University, China
| | - Chune LIU
- China Agricultural University, China
| | | | - Kaikai BAI
- China Agricultural University, China; China Agricultural University, China
| | - Feng LIU
- China Agricultural University, China
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Xu C, Zhang S, Sun B, Xie P, Liu X, Chang L, Lu F, Zhang S. Dietary Supplementation with Microalgae ( Schizochytrium sp.) Improves the Antioxidant Status, Fatty Acids Profiles and Volatile Compounds of Beef. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123517. [PMID: 34944292 PMCID: PMC8697940 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with microalgae (Schizochytrium sp.) containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the antioxidant enzyme activity, physicochemical quality, fatty acid composition and volatile compounds of beef meat. Eighteen male Qaidamford cattle were randomly allocated into three treatments (n = 6): no micro-algae supplementation (Control group, C), 100 g microalgae supplementation per bull per day (FD1), and 200 g microalgae supplementation per bull per day (FD2), and fed for 49 days before slaughter. The results showed that, compared with the C group, the addition of DHA-rich microalgae to the diet could significantly increase the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in meat. In the FD2 group, it was found that the concentration of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). DHA-rich microalgae supplementation increased polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; C20:5 n-6), DHA, EPA + DHA, and n-3 PUFA and reduced n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio. Twenty-four volatile compounds identified in beef were mainly aldehydes, alcohols and ketones from the fingerprints. The contents of short-chain fatty aldehydes, 1-octen-3-ol and 2-pentylfuran, were higher in the FD2 group than in the other two groups. The microalgae diet improved the sensory attribute score of beef. The results demonstrated that dietary supplementation of DHA-rich microalgae improved the antioxidant status, increased the deposition of DHA and enhanced the characteristic flavor of beef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Xu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (B.S.); (P.X.); (X.L.)
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Shou Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (S.Z.); (L.C.); (F.L.)
| | - Baozhong Sun
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (B.S.); (P.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Peng Xie
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (B.S.); (P.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaochang Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (B.S.); (P.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Lan Chang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (S.Z.); (L.C.); (F.L.)
| | - Fushan Lu
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (S.Z.); (L.C.); (F.L.)
| | - Songshan Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (B.S.); (P.X.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence:
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