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Neofytos DD, Gregersen SB, Andersen U, Corredig M. In situ single-droplet analysis of emulsified fat using confocal Raman microscopy: insights into crystal network formation within spatial resolution. SOFT MATTER 2024. [PMID: 38690673 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00194j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Fat crystallization is one of the predominant factors influencing the structure and properties of fat-containing emulsions. In the present study, the role of emulsifiers on fat crystallization dynamics within droplet multiphase systems was evaluated via single-droplet analysis, taking advantage of the non-destructive properties of confocal Raman microscopy. Palm oil droplets dispersed in water were used as a model system, due to palm oil's well-known crystallization properties. Emulsion droplets of the same size were generated using two different emulsifiers (Whey Protein Isolate and Tween 60), at various concentrations. Fast and slow cooling treatments were applied to affect fat crystallisation and network formation as well as droplet morphology, and crystallization dynamics. Raman imaging analysis demonstrated that the chemical structure and concentration of the emulsifier significantly influenced both crystal nucleation within the droplets, as well as the spatial distribution and morphology of the fat crystal network. Additionally, analysis of the spectra of the crystallized phase provided essential information regarding the impact of the emulsifiers on the microstructure, degree of structural order, and structural arrangements of the fat crystal networks. Furthermore, by performing single droplet analysis during cooling it was possible to observe shape distortions in Tween 60 stabilized droplets, as a consequence of the formation of a three-dimensional network of fat crystals that strongly interacted with the interface. On the other hand, the droplets retained their shape when whey proteins were absorbed at the interface. Confocal Raman microscopy, in combination with polarized light microscopy, is, therefore, a well-suited tool for in situ, single-droplet analysis of emulsified oil systems, providing essential information about emulsified fat crystallization dynamics, contributing to better understanding and designing products with enhanced structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionysios D Neofytos
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | | | - Ulf Andersen
- Arla Innovation Centre, Arla Foods, Agro Food Park 19, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Milena Corredig
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark.
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2
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Zhou F, Liu Y, Xie W, Huang J, Liu F, Kong W, Zhao Z, Peng J. Recent advances and applications of laser-based imaging techniques in food crops and products: a critical review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37983168 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2283579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
To meet the growing demand for food quality and safety, there is a pressing need for fast and visible techniques to monitor the food crop and product production processing, and to understand the chemical changes that occur during these processes. Herein, the fundamental principles, instruments, and characteristics of three major laser-based imaging techniques (LBITs), namely, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, are introduced. Additionally, the advances, challenges, and prospects for the application of LBITs in food crops and products are discussed. In recent years, LBITs have played a crucial role in mapping primary metabolites, secondary metabolites, nanoparticles, toxic metals, and mineral elements in food crops, as well as visualizing food adulteration, composition changes, pesticide residue, microbial contamination, and elements in food products. However, LBITs are still facing challenges in achieving accurate and sensitive quantification of compositions due to the complex sample matrix and minimal laser sampling quantity. Thus, further research is required to develop comprehensive data processing strategies and signal enhancement methods. With the continued development of imaging methods and equipment, LBITs have the potential to further explore chemical distribution mechanisms and ensure the safety and quality of food crops and products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhou
- College of Standardization, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiyue Xie
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Huang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Kong
- College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhao
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiyu Peng
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Morais ATDB, Morais STB, Feitor JF, Santos WG, Gomes da Silva Catunda L, Walkling-Ribeiro M, Ahrne L, Cardoso DR. Impact of Physicochemical Modifications in Casein Promoted by UV-C on the Peptide Profile of Gastric Digestion and the Transepithelial Transport of Peptides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7495-7507. [PMID: 37157171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Caseins are the main proteins in milk, and their structure and spatial conformation are responsible for their slow digestion rate. The release of bioactive and β-casomorphin peptides from casein digestion may induce allergic responses during consumption. Spectroscopic techniques were used to observe the structural changes in casein conformation induced by Ultraviolet light irradiation (UV-C). Raman spectroscopy results showed more pronounced peaks at 618 and 640 cm-1 for phenylalanine and tyrosine moieties of the photolyzed micellar casein, respectively, suggesting changes in the micelle structure. The decrease in the intensity of Raman signals for tryptophan and tyrosine corroborates to the UV-C-induced modifications of the micelle structure. Particle size distribution showed a decrease in the average micelle size after 15 min of UV-C exposure, while low-temperature, long-time (LTLT) pasteurization led to the formation of large aggregates, as observed by atomic force microscopy. UV-C did not impact the formation or transport of peptides, as observed by using the Caco-2 cell as a model for peptide absorption. However, the absence of the opioid peptide SRYPSY from κ-casein and only 20% of the concentration of opioid peptide RYLGY were noted. This work demonstrated that UV-C can be utilized to induce the physicochemical modification of dairy products, promoting a higher digestion rate and reducing allergenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Teixeira do Brasil Morais
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, 13560-470 São Carlos, Brazil
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sinara T B Morais
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, 13560-470 São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Jessica F Feitor
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, 13560-470 São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Willy Glen Santos
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, 13560-470 São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Lucas Gomes da Silva Catunda
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, 13560-470 São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Markus Walkling-Ribeiro
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lilia Ahrne
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Daniel R Cardoso
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, 13560-470 São Carlos, Brazil
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Change of the frozen storage quality of concentrated Mongolian milk curd under the synergistic action of ultra-high pressure and electric field. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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5
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Kim C, Park J, Kim W, Lee W, Na S, Park J. Detection of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ using amyloid oligomer-reduced graphene oxide composite. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 147:108214. [PMID: 35901626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal ions are toxic to humans and can further interact with amyloid in the human body to produce amyloid plaques, which disrupt neurotransmitter function and are linked to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. In this study, we developed an amyloid oligomer-reduced graphene oxide composite (AOrGOC) electrochemical sensor for effective heavy metal ion detection based on square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry. The reactivity between amyloids and heavy metal ions was studied by analyzing the stripping current for different amyloids (lysozyme, bovine serum albumin, and β-lactoglobulin) and amyloid growth types (monomers, oligomers, and fibrils). Reduced graphene oxide was used to improve the sensitivity of the sensor. The AOrGOC sensor exhibited the detection limits of 86.0 and 9.5 nM for Cd2+ and Pb2+, respectively, and selectively detected Cd2+ and Pb2+ over other heavy metal ions. The AOrGOC sensor also detected Cd2+ and Pb2+ in human plasma, thus exhibiting its potential as a biosensor. This study not only promoted our fundamental understanding of amyloids and the detection of heavy metal ions using amyloids, but also provided valuable insights into amyloid-based electrochemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihyun Kim
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Joohyung Park
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Woochang Kim
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Wonseok Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, South Korea.
| | - Sungsoo Na
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
| | - Jinsung Park
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Chawanji A, Holroyd SE, Nickless E. Raman confocal microscopy to assess changes in cheddar cheese during maturation. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Chawanji
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre PO Box 11 029 Palmerston North 4442 New Zealand
| | - Stephen E Holroyd
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre PO Box 11 029 Palmerston North 4442 New Zealand
| | - Elizabeth Nickless
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre PO Box 11 029 Palmerston North 4442 New Zealand
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Abstract
Microscopy is often used to assist the development of cheese products, but manufacturers can benefit from a much broader application of these techniques to assess structure formation during processing and structural changes during storage. Microscopy can be used to benchmark processes, optimize process variables, and identify critical control points for process control. Microscopy can also assist the reverse engineering of desired product properties and help troubleshoot production problems to improve cheese quality. This approach can be extended using quantitative analysis, which enables further comparisons between structural features and functional measures used within industry, such as cheese meltability, shreddability, and stretchability, potentially allowing prediction and control of these properties. This review covers advances in the analysis of cheese microstructure, including new techniques, and outlines how these can be applied to understand and improve cheese manufacture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Ong
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; .,Dairy Innovation Hub, Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xu Li
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;
| | - Adabelle Ong
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; .,Dairy Innovation Hub, Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sally L Gras
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; .,Dairy Innovation Hub, Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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8
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Hong L, Salentinig S. Functional food colloids: studying structure and interactions during digestion. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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9
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Kim K, Kloxin CJ, Saven JG, Pochan DJ. Nanofibers Produced by Electrospinning of Ultrarigid Polymer Rods Made from Designed Peptide Bundlemers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:26339-26351. [PMID: 34029045 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mimicking the hierarchical assembly of natural fiber materials is an important design challenge in the manufacturing of nanostructured materials with biomolecules such as peptides. Here, we produce nanofibers with control of structure over multiple length scales, ranging from peptide molecule assembly into supramolecular building blocks called "bundlemers," to rigid-rod formation through a covalent connection of bundlemer building blocks, and, ultimately, to uniaxially oriented fibers made with the rigid-rod polymers. The peptides are designed to physically assemble into coiled-coil bundles, or bundlemers, and to covalently interact in an end-to-end fashion to produce the rigid-rod polymer. The resultant rodlike polymer exhibits a rigid, cylindrical nanostructure confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and, correspondingly, exhibits shear-thinning behavior at low shear rates observed in many nanoscopic rod systems. The rigid-rod chains are further organized into final fiber materials via electrospinning processing, all the while preserving their unique rodlike structural characteristics. Morphological and structural investigations of the nanofibers through scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray scattering, as well as molecular characterization via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, show that continuous nanofibers are composed of oriented rigid-rod chains constituted by α-helical peptides within bundle building blocks. Mechanical properties of electrospun fibers are also presented. The ability to produce nanofibers from the oriented rigid-rod polymer reveals bundlemer chains as a viable tool for the development of new fiber materials with targeted structure and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Christopher J Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jeffery G Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Chemical and Technological Characterization of Dairy Products. Foods 2020; 9:foods9101475. [PMID: 33081088 PMCID: PMC7602709 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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11
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Alinovi M, Mucchetti G, Wiking L, Corredig M. Freezing as a solution to preserve the quality of dairy products: the case of milk, curds and cheese. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3340-3360. [PMID: 32715725 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1798348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
When thinking of the freezing process in dairy, products consumed in frozen state, such as ice creams come to mind. However, freezing is also considered a viable solutions for many other dairy products, due to increasing interest to reduce food waste and to create more robust supply chains. Freezing is a solution to production seasonality, or to extend the market reach for high-value products with otherwise short shelf life. This review focuses on the physical and chemical changes occurring during freezing of milk, curds and cheeses, critical to maintaining quality of the final product. However, freezing is energy consuming, and therefore the process needs to be optimized to maintain product's quality and reduce its environmental footprint. Furthermore, the processing steps leading to the freezing stage may require some changes compared to traditional, fresh products. Unwanted reactions occur at low water activity, and during modifications such as ice crystals growth and recrystallization. These events cause major physical destabilizations of the proteins due to cryoconcentration, including modification of the colloidal-soluble equilibrium. The presence of residual proteases and lipases also cause important modifications to the texture and flavor of the frozen dairy product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lars Wiking
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Skejby, Denmark.,iFood Center, Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Milena Corredig
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Skejby, Denmark.,iFood Center, Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Skejby, Denmark
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