1
|
Sadler RA, Shoveller AK, Shandilya UK, Charchoglyan A, Wagter-Lesperance L, Bridle BW, Mallard BA, Karrow NA. Beyond the Coagulation Cascade: Vitamin K and Its Multifaceted Impact on Human and Domesticated Animal Health. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7001-7031. [PMID: 39057059 PMCID: PMC11276079 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin K (VK) is an essential micronutrient impacting many systems in the body. This lipid-soluble vitamin is found in various plant and animal products and is absorbed via the lymphatic system. This biomolecule's importance to human health includes but is not limited to its promotion of brain, cardiovascular, bone, and immune functions. These biological properties are also necessary for maintaining domesticated animal health. The synergistic impact of both VK and vitamin D (VD) maximizes these health benefits, specifically for the circulatory and skeletal systems. This manuscript reviews VK's properties, molecular structures, nutrikinetics, mechanisms of action, daily requirements, safety in supplemental form, biomarkers used for its detection, and impacts on various organs. The purpose of synthesizing this information is to evaluate the potential uses of VK for the treatment or prevention of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecka A. Sadler
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (R.A.S.); (A.K.S.); (U.K.S.)
| | - Anna K. Shoveller
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (R.A.S.); (A.K.S.); (U.K.S.)
| | - Umesh K. Shandilya
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (R.A.S.); (A.K.S.); (U.K.S.)
| | - Armen Charchoglyan
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada; (A.C.); (L.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
- Advanced Analysis Centre, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Lauraine Wagter-Lesperance
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada; (A.C.); (L.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Byram W. Bridle
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada; (A.C.); (L.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Bonnie A. Mallard
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada; (A.C.); (L.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Niel A. Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (R.A.S.); (A.K.S.); (U.K.S.)
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada; (A.C.); (L.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saleh SS, Samir A, Lotfy HM, Nessim CK. A high-throughput UPLC-MS-MS Bio-analytical method for the analysis of veterinary pharmaceutical residues in Chicken Tissues, Application of efficient-valid-green (EVG) Framework as a Competence Tool. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1724:464901. [PMID: 38669944 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Antibacterial medications are receiving the most attention due to hypersensitivity reactions and the emergence of bacterial mutants resistant to antibiotics. Treating Animals with uncontrolled amounts of antibiotics will extend beyond their lives and affect humans. This study aims to determine the concentration of the residues of sulfadimidine, sulfaquinoxaline, diaveridine, and vitamin K3 in the tissues of poultry (muscles and liver) after treatment with the combined veterinary formulation. A UPLC-MS-MS method was developed using Poroshell 120 ECC18 and a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and distilled water, containing 0.1 % formic acid, in the ratio of (85:15 v/v) at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Sample extraction solvent was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to be acetonitrile: methanol in the ratio (49.8: 50.2 v/v), and the method was validated according to the FDA bioanalytical method validation protocol over the range (50-1000 µg/Kg) for sulfaquinoxaline and (50-750 µg/Kg) for the other 3 drugs. The greenness of the sample preparation and analytical method was assessed by applying Analytical Eco-scale (AES) and AGREE coupled with AGREEprep. The Competence of the study was evaluated via the EVG framework known as Efficiency, validation, and greenness, to achieve a balance point represented by a radar chart. The method was applied to decide the time required for poultry products to be safe for human use after administration of the studied drugs. It was found that, after the administration of the last dose, minimally 7 days are required till the levels of the drugs drop to the maximum residue limit determined by the FDA/WHO in animal tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S Saleh
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA) 11787 6th October City, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Samir
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA) 11787 6th October City, Egypt
| | - Hayam M Lotfy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, 11835 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Christine K Nessim
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City 12566, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Homma T, Okamoto M, Koharazawa R, Hayakawa M, Fushimi T, Tode C, Hirota Y, Osakabe N, Baba M, Suhara Y. Exploring Novel Vitamin K Derivatives with Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:42248-42263. [PMID: 38024673 PMCID: PMC10652723 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
From our compound library of vitamin K derivatives, we found that some compounds exhibited anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells. The common structure of these compounds was menaquinone-2 (MK-2) with either the m-methylphenyl or the 1-naphthyl group introduced at the end of the side chain. Therefore, new vitamin K derivatives having more potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity were explored by introducing various functional groups at the ω-position of the side chain. MK-2 derivatives with a purine moiety showed the most potent antiviral activity among the derivatives. We also found that their mechanism of action was the inhibition of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of SARS-CoV-2. The chemical structures of our compounds were completely different from those of nucleic acid derivatives such as remdesivir and molnupiravir, clinically approved RdRp inhibitors for COVID-19 treatment, suggesting that our compounds may be effective against viruses resistant to these nucleic acid derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Homma
- Department
of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and
Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Mika Okamoto
- Division
of Infection Control Research, Center for Advanced Science Research
and Promotion, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan
| | - Ryohto Koharazawa
- Department
of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and
Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Mayu Hayakawa
- Department
of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and
Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Taiki Fushimi
- Functional
Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Chisato Tode
- Instrumental
Analysis Center, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Hirota
- Department
of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and
Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
- Functional
Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Naomi Osakabe
- Department
of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and
Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
- Functional
Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Masanori Baba
- Division
of Infection Control Research, Center for Advanced Science Research
and Promotion, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan
| | - Yoshitomo Suhara
- Department
of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and
Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
- Functional
Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hao J, Zhang B, Wang B, Zhang M, Fan W, Li W. Effects of dietary vitamin K3 supplementation on production performance, egg quality, vitamin K-dependent proteins, and antioxidant properties in breeding geese during the laying period. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102880. [PMID: 37419050 PMCID: PMC10344679 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin K3 (VK3) supplementation on production performance, egg quality, vitamin K-dependent proteins, and antioxidant properties in breeding geese during the laying period. A total of one hundred twenty 82-wk-old Wulong geese with similar body weights were randomly divided into 6 groups with 4 replicates and 5 geese each (1 male and 4 female). The geese in the control group were fed a basal diet, and the geese in the treatment groups were fed diets supplemented with different levels of VK3 (2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, and 12.5 mg/kg) for 11 wk. Dietary VK3 supplementation linearly and quadratically increased feed intake, egg mass, egg weight, and egg production (P < 0.05). Increasing VK3 levels linearly and quadratically increased albumen height, shell thickness and Haugh unit of eggs (P < 0.05). VK3 reduced osteocalcin (OC) and uncarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) levels in the serum. Dietary VK3 addition linearly decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (P < 0.01). There was linear and quadratic effect in the activity of serum total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) (P < 0.01), and linear effect in serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (P < 0.01). In conclusion, dietary VK3 supplementation enhanced the production performance, egg quality, vitamin K-dependent proteins, and antioxidant properties in breeding geese during the laying period. The optimal dose of dietary VK3 supplementation was 10.0 mg/kg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Baowei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Mingai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wenlei Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wenli Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gunjević V, Zurak D, Grbeša D, Kiš G, Međimurec T, Pirgozliev V, Kljak K. Bioaccessibility of Tocols in Commercial Maize Hybrids Determined by an In Vitro Digestion Model for Poultry. Molecules 2023; 28:5015. [PMID: 37446677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the high proportion of maize grain in animal diets, the contribution made by maize phytochemicals is neglected. Tocols and their contribution to the vitamin E content of animal diets are one example, exacerbated by sparse information on the tocol bioaccessibility of commercial hybrids. In this study, the contents of individual and total tocols and their bioaccessibility were determined in the grain samples of 103 commercial hybrids using a standardized INFOGEST digestion procedure. In the studied hybrids, total tocol content ranged from 19.24 to 54.44 µg/g of dry matter. The contents of micellar α-, γ-, δ-tocopherols, γ-tocotrienol, and total tocols correlated positively with the corresponding contents in the grain samples of the studied hybrids. In contrast, a negative correlation was observed between the bioaccessibility of γ- tocopherol, α- and γ-tocotrienol, and total tocols, along with the corresponding contents in the grain of studied hybrids. The highest bioaccessibility was exhibited by γ-tocotrienol (532.77 g/kg), followed by δ-tocopherol (529.88 g/kg), γ-tocopherol (461.76 g/kg), α-tocopherol (406.49 g/kg), and α-tocotrienol (359.07 g/kg). Overall, there are significant differences in the content and bioaccessibility of total and individual tocols among commercial maize hybrids, allowing the selection of hybrids for animal production based not only on crude chemical composition but also on the content of phytochemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Gunjević
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dora Zurak
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darko Grbeša
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Kiš
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tatjana Međimurec
- Ministry of Agriculture, Directorate for Professional Support to the Development of Agriculture and Fisheries, Bani 110, Buzin, 10010 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vasil Pirgozliev
- National Institute of Poultry Husbandry, Harper Adams University, Newport TF10 8NB, UK
| | - Kristina Kljak
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gvozdanović K, Kralik Z, Radišić Ž, Košević M, Kralik G, Djurkin Kušec I. The Interaction between Feed Bioactive Compounds and Chicken Genome. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1831. [PMID: 37889707 PMCID: PMC10251886 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumer demand for high quality and safe foods that will have a positive impact on their health has increased in recent years. Today, it is possible to meet those demands by combining the genetic potential of domestic animals and applying different feeding strategies. Nutrigenomics is one of the "omics" sciences that studies the interaction between nutrients and the genome together with their influence on metabolic and physiological processes in the body. While nutrition of domestic animals is solely based on studying the influence of nutrients on animal health and production traits, nutrigenomics integrates the fields of nutrition, genomics, molecular genetics and bioinformatics. By understanding the molecular relationships between different forms and/or concentrations of nutrients in feed and genes, it is possible to answer the question of how small changes in the diet of farm animals can produce a quality product with positive effects on human health. The aim of this article is to describe how the manipulation of adding different nutrients in the feed affects the expression of different genes in chicken and consequently alters their phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Gvozdanović
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Zlata Kralik
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Žarko Radišić
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Manuela Košević
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Gordana Kralik
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Nutricin j.d.o.o., Đure Đakovića 6, 31326 Darda, Croatia
| | - Ivona Djurkin Kušec
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Whiting IM, Pirgozliev V, Kljak K, Orczewska-Dudek S, Mansbridge SC, Rose SP, Atanasov AG. Feeding dihydroquercetin in wheat-based diets to laying hens: impact on egg production and quality of fresh and stored eggs. Br Poult Sci 2022; 63:735-741. [PMID: 35722701 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2022.2090229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
1. This study assessed the impact of dietary dihydroquercetin (DHQ) in wheat-based diets on egg production, composition and quality when fed to laying hens. A total of 80 Hy-Line Brown hens were allocated to 20 enriched layer cages, over two tiers, in groups of four birds.2. Two wheat-based diets were used in the study. A basal diet, meeting the nutrient requirement of the hens, containing 11.56 MJ/kg AME and 172 g/kg crude protein, was mixed and split into two parts. One part was fed as prepared to the control group of birds. The second diet was made by adding 1.5 g DHQ per kg basal diet and fed to the treatment group of birds. This level was relatively high and extended the data on levels normally fed. The diets were fed in a meal form and did not contain any coccidiostat, antimicrobial growth promoters or other similar additives. Each diet was fed to hens in 10 replicate cages for 4 weeks, from 22 to 26 weeks of age, following randomisation.3. Subsequently, eggs were investigated to determine the impact of dietary DHQ on the quality variables of fresh and 28-d stored eggs.4. Overall, feeding 1.5 g/kg dietary DHQ for 4 weeks did not affect (P > 0.05) egg production or the quality of fresh and stored eggs. Any observed egg quality changes (P < 0.05) confirmed the expected effects of egg storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I M Whiting
- National Institute of Poultry Husbandry, Harper Adams University, Shropshire, UK
| | - V Pirgozliev
- National Institute of Poultry Husbandry, Harper Adams University, Shropshire, UK
| | - K Kljak
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - S C Mansbridge
- National Institute of Poultry Husbandry, Harper Adams University, Shropshire, UK
| | - S P Rose
- National Institute of Poultry Husbandry, Harper Adams University, Shropshire, UK
| | - A G Atanasov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stevia ( Stevia rebaudiana) Improves Carotenoid Content in Eggs When Fed to Laying Hens. Foods 2022; 11:foods11101418. [PMID: 35626986 PMCID: PMC9140590 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a shrub with leaves that have a high concentration of carotenoids such as lutein and zeaxanthin. Egg yolks are a bioavailable source of lutein and zeaxanthin. The consumption of these carotenoids has been linked with improved human health. To investigate the impact of dried stevia leaves at 0%, 1% and 2% on the quality variables, the chemical composition and antioxidant content of eggs, the experiment involved 90 Hy-Line Brown laying hens, housed in 30 enriched layer cages, in groups of three from 22 to 26 weeks of age. The impact on the internal qualities of stored eggs was also examined. Yolks from hens fed stevia had an enriched color compared with the controls. At the end of the experiment, the whole egg, without shell, of birds fed 2% stevia had a higher total carotenoid content (p < 0.001) compared with birds fed 1% and 0% stevia, i.e., 5.16 (µg/g), 4.23 (µg/g) and 2.96 (µg/g), respectively. Storage reduced albumen height and increased albumen pH (p < 0.001). Stevia supplementation did not interact (p > 0.05) with storage time among the egg quality variables. Consuming eggs from hens fed stevia may increase carotenoids in human diet.
Collapse
|
9
|
Bai H, Arai H, Ikuta K, Ishikawa S, Ohtani Y, Iwashita K, Okada N, Shirakawa H, Komai M, Terada F, Obara Y. Effects of dietary vitamin K 3 supplementation on vitamin K 1 and K 2 (menaquinone) dynamics in dairy cows. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13680. [PMID: 35029011 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The effect of dietary vitamin K3 (VK3) on ruminant animals is not fully investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of dietary VK3 on lactation performance, rumen characteristics, and VK1 and menaquinone (MK, or VK2) dynamics in the rumen, plasma, and milk of dairy cows. Eight Holstein dairy cows in late lactation periods were used in two crossover trials including a control (nontreatment) and a 50 or 200 mg/day (d) VK3 supplementation group. After 14 days, plasma, ruminal fluid, and milk were sampled and their VK1 and MKs contents were measured using fluorescence-high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Milk production was unchanged after feeding 50 mg/day VK3 but marginally decreased after feeding 200 mg/day VK3. The molar ratio of propionate in ruminal fluid was significantly increased on feeding 200 mg/day VK3. Additionally, MK-4 concentrations significantly increased in both plasma and milk after VK3 feeding (50 and 200 mg/day). In ruminal fluid, MK-4 concentrations increased after 200 mg/day VK3 feeding. These results suggest that VK3 may be a good source of MK-4, the biologically active form of VK, in Holstein dairy cows during their late lactation periods. This study provides a basis for understanding the physiological role of VK in dairy cows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanako Bai
- Mito Research Center, Meiji Feed Co., Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hikoji Arai
- Mito Research Center, Meiji Feed Co., Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.,Animal Nutrition and Health, DSM Kapan K.K., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentarou Ikuta
- Awaji Agricultural Technology Institute, Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kobe, Japan
| | - Sho Ishikawa
- Awaji Agricultural Technology Institute, Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kobe, Japan
| | | | | | - Nao Okada
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michio Komai
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Fuminori Terada
- Mito Research Center, Meiji Feed Co., Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Obara
- Mito Research Center, Meiji Feed Co., Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan
| |
Collapse
|