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Hu X, Wei W, Li X, Yang Y, Zhou B. Recent advances in ratiometric electrochemical sensors for food analysis. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101681. [PMID: 39157660 PMCID: PMC11328010 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Ratiometric electrochemical sensors are renowned for their dual-signal processing capabilities, enabling automatic correction of background noise and interferences through built-in calibration, thus providing more accurate and reproducible measurements. This characteristic makes them highly promising for food analysis. This review comprehensively summarizes and discusses the latest advancements in ratiometric electrochemical sensors and their applications in food analysis, emphasizing their design strategies, detection capabilities, and practical uses. Initially, we explore the construction and design strategies of these sensors. We then review the detection of various food-related analytes, including nutrients, additives, metal ions, pharmaceutical and pesticide residues, biotoxins, and pathogens. The review also briefly explores the challenges faced by ratiometric electrochemical sensors in food testing and potential future directions for development. It aims to provide researchers with a clear introduction and serve as a reference for the design and application of new, efficient ratiometric electrochemical sensors in food analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xincheng Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Engineering Center of New Energy Battery Materials, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Wei Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Engineering Center of New Energy Battery Materials, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Yewen Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Binbin Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
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Bas TG. Bioactivity and Bioavailability of Carotenoids Applied in Human Health: Technological Advances and Innovation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7603. [PMID: 39062844 PMCID: PMC11277215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This article presents a groundbreaking perspective on carotenoids, focusing on their innovative applications and transformative potential in human health and medicine. Research jointly delves deeper into the bioactivity and bioavailability of carotenoids, revealing therapeutic uses and technological advances that have the potential to revolutionize medical treatments. We explore pioneering therapeutic applications in which carotenoids are used to treat chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and age-related macular degeneration, offering novel protective mechanisms and innovative therapeutic benefits. Our study also shows cutting-edge technological innovations in carotenoid extraction and bioavailability, including the development of supramolecular carriers and advanced nanotechnology, which dramatically improve the absorption and efficacy of these compounds. These technological advances not only ensure consistent quality but also tailor carotenoid therapies to each patient's health needs, paving the way for personalized medicine. By integrating the latest scientific discoveries and innovative techniques, this research provides a prospective perspective on the clinical applications of carotenoids, establishing a new benchmark for future studies in this field. Our findings underscore the importance of optimizing carotenoid extraction, administration, bioactivity, and bioavailability methods to develop more effective, targeted, and personalized treatments, thus offering visionary insight into their potential in modern medical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Gabriel Bas
- Escuela de Ciencias Empresariales, Universidad Catolica del Norte, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile
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Ghadami S, Dellinger K. The lipid composition of extracellular vesicles: applications in diagnostics and therapeutic delivery. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1198044. [PMID: 37520326 PMCID: PMC10381967 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1198044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, with nanoscale sizes, biological origins, various functions, and unique lipid and protein compositions have been introduced as versatile tools for diagnostic and therapeutic medical applications. Numerous studies have reported the importance of the lipid composition of EVs and its influence on their mechanism of action. For example, changes in the lipidomic profile of EVs have been shown to influence the progression of various diseases, including ovarian malignancies and prostate cancer. In this review, we endeavored to examine differences in the lipid content of EV membranes derived from different cell types to characterize their capabilities as diagnostic tools and treatments for diseases like cancer and Alzheimer's disease. We additionally discuss designing functionalized vesicles, whether synthetically by hybrid methods or by changing the lipid composition of natural EVs. Lastly, we provide an overview of current and potential biomedical applications and perspectives on the future of this growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristen Dellinger
- Department of Nanoengineering, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States
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García-Villegas A, Rojas-García A, Villegas-Aguilar MDC, Fernández-Moreno P, Fernández-Ochoa Á, Cádiz-Gurrea MDLL, Arráez-Román D, Segura-Carretero A. Cosmeceutical Potential of Major Tropical and Subtropical Fruit By-Products for a Sustainable Revalorization. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:203. [PMID: 35204085 PMCID: PMC8868306 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing production of tropical fruits followed by their processing results in tons of waste, such as skins or seeds. However, these by-products have been reported to be rich in bioactive compounds (BACs) with excellent properties of interest in the cosmeceutical industry: antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and photoprotective properties. This review summarizes the tropical fruits most produced worldwide, their bioactive composition and the most important and studied therapeutic properties that their by-products can contribute to skin health, as well as the different approaches for obtaining these compounds using techniques by conventional (Soxhlet, liquid-liquid extraction or maceration) and non-conventional extractions (supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and two-phase aqueous system), followed by their identification by HPLC-MS or GC-MS analysis. Moreover, this work encompasses several studies that may prove the effects of seeds and skins from tropical fruits against oxidative stress, hyperpigmentation, acne, aging or UV radiation. Therefore, the investigation of functional components present in tropical fruit by-products under a circular bioeconomy model could be of great interest for the cosmeceutical industry and a very promising option for obtaining new cosmeceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail García-Villegas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (A.R.-G.); (M.d.C.V.-A.); (P.F.-M.); (D.A.-R.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Alejandro Rojas-García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (A.R.-G.); (M.d.C.V.-A.); (P.F.-M.); (D.A.-R.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - María del Carmen Villegas-Aguilar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (A.R.-G.); (M.d.C.V.-A.); (P.F.-M.); (D.A.-R.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Patricia Fernández-Moreno
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (A.R.-G.); (M.d.C.V.-A.); (P.F.-M.); (D.A.-R.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Álvaro Fernández-Ochoa
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany;
- Berlin Institute of Health Metabolomics Platform, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - María de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (A.R.-G.); (M.d.C.V.-A.); (P.F.-M.); (D.A.-R.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - David Arráez-Román
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (A.R.-G.); (M.d.C.V.-A.); (P.F.-M.); (D.A.-R.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (A.R.-G.); (M.d.C.V.-A.); (P.F.-M.); (D.A.-R.); (A.S.-C.)
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Donno D, Turrini F, Boggia R, Guido M, Gamba G, Mellano MG, Riondato I, Beccaro GL. Vitis vinifera L. Pruning Waste for Bud-Preparations as Source of Phenolic Compounds–Traditional and Innovative Extraction Techniques to Produce New Natural Products. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10112233. [PMID: 34834596 PMCID: PMC8624332 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Herbal products are now considered among the most important sources of phenolic compounds: the FINNOVER project aimed at the creation and development of sustainable supply chains to extract and use natural biologically active agents. Vitis vinifera is one of the most utilised herbal products derived from buds and sprouts as polyphenolic food supplements for its homeostatic and astringent properties. This research was aimed to describe the antioxidant capacity and the phytochemical composition of V. vinifera herbal products by the application of spectroscopic and chromatographic fingerprints considering phenolics as potential markers to significantly differentiate traditional preparations (macerates) from innovative extracts obtained by an ultrasound extraction from V. vinifera buds. Two different commercial products were also considered. Flavonols were the most abundant class in ultrasound extracts (45%), while phenolic acids were the most important class in traditional macerates (49%) and commercial bud-preparations (about 50%). This study may support the potential use of V. vinifera bud-products (starting from pruning byproducts) as food supplements to integrate human diet with good amounts of phenolics. Finally, the use of different extraction methods on the same plant material could be an important development to produce innovative herbal products with a phytochemical composition similar to traditional preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Donno
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Science, University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (G.G.); (M.G.M.); (I.R.); (G.L.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Federica Turrini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (F.T.); (R.B.)
| | - Raffaella Boggia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (F.T.); (R.B.)
| | | | - Giovanni Gamba
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Science, University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (G.G.); (M.G.M.); (I.R.); (G.L.B.)
| | - Maria Gabriella Mellano
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Science, University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (G.G.); (M.G.M.); (I.R.); (G.L.B.)
| | - Isidoro Riondato
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Science, University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (G.G.); (M.G.M.); (I.R.); (G.L.B.)
| | - Gabriele Loris Beccaro
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Science, University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (G.G.); (M.G.M.); (I.R.); (G.L.B.)
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Screening, Identification, and Quantification of Nutritional Components and Phytochemicals in Foodstuffs. Foods 2021; 10:foods10010125. [PMID: 33435630 PMCID: PMC7827746 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Wu Y, Chen Z, Jia J, Chiba H, Hui SP. Quantitative and Comparative Investigation of Plasmalogen Species in Daily Foodstuffs. Foods 2021; 10:foods10010124. [PMID: 33435634 PMCID: PMC7827193 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmalogens are an animal-derived functional phospholipid increasingly known as a safe and effective nutritional ingredient, however, the quantitation and comparison of plasmalogen species in foods is limited. In the present work, determination methods for dietary plasmalogens using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy under positive and negative ionization modes were compared. The negative-mode method, which showed better selectivity, sensitivity, and accuracy, was then applied in 14 kinds of livestock, poultry, and seafood samples. Livestock and poultry showed abundant total plasmalogen (530.83-944.94 nmol/g), higher than fish (46.08-399.75 nmol/g) and mollusk (10.00-384.76 nmol/g). While fish and mollusk samples expressed healthier fatty acyl composition, with higher eicosapentaenoyl and more beneficial n-6/n-3 ratio than the land animal meats, especially for squid and octopus, with eicosapentaenoyl of 98.4% and 94.5%, respectively. The correlations among plasmalogen species varied in different foodstuffs with distinguishing patterns, suggesting the customizable strategies for achieving targeted plasmalogen species. These findings not only provided fundamental comparison of plasmalogen among daily foodstuffs, but also contributed to extend the dietary plasmalogen sources for health food development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.W.); (Z.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Zhen Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.W.); (Z.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Jiaping Jia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.W.); (Z.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Hitoshi Chiba
- Department of Nutrition, Sapporo University of Health Sciences, Nakanuma Nishi-4-2-1-15, Higashi, Sapporo 007-0894, Japan;
| | - Shu-Ping Hui
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.W.); (Z.C.); (J.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-11-706-3693
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