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Feng J, Xing Y, Yin C, Tang P, Jiang F. Wholly sustainable graft copolymers derived from cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose for high-performance elastomers, adhesives, and UV-blocking materials. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 326:121606. [PMID: 38142094 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable elastomers derived from renewable biobased resources with excellent mechanical properties and varied functions are highly pursued to substitute traditional petroleum-based polymers yet challenging due to their limited macroscopic performance. In this work, we designed a series of wholly biobased cellulose-graft-poly(vanillin acrylate-co-tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate) (Cell-g-P(VA-co-THFA) copolymer elastomers with cellulose as the rigid backbone, sustainable VA derived from lignin and soft THFA derived from hemicellulose as the hard and soft segments in the rubbery side chains. Moreover, the grafted side chains can be cross-linked to introduce an additional dynamic network structure via Schiff-base chemistry between the aldehyde and amino groups. The mechanical properties of Cell-g-P(VA-co-THFA) copolymer elastomers, including tensile strength, extensibility, elasticity, and toughness can be facilely manipulated by the VA/THFA feed ratio, cellulose content, and cross-linking density. These Cell-g-P(VA-co-THFA) copolymer elastomers are thermally stable and possess outstanding adhesion behavior and prominent UV-shielding performance. Besides dramatically enhanced mechanical properties, the cross-linked Cell-g-P(VA-co-THFA) counterparts exhibit remarkable shape memory behavior. This work provides a robust and convenient strategy for developing strong and versatile sustainable elastomers with different application demands by integrating different biomass feedstocks via elaborate molecular design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Feng
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center, Anhui Provincial Engineering Center for High Performance Biobased Nylons, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yuxian Xing
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center, Anhui Provincial Engineering Center for High Performance Biobased Nylons, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Chuantao Yin
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center, Anhui Provincial Engineering Center for High Performance Biobased Nylons, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Pengfei Tang
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center, Anhui Provincial Engineering Center for High Performance Biobased Nylons, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center, Anhui Provincial Engineering Center for High Performance Biobased Nylons, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China.
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Abdelaty MA, Abu-Zahra N. Thermo-pH-Salt Environmental Terpolymers Influenced by 2-((Dimethylamino)methyl)-4-methylphenyl Acrylate: A Comparative Study for Tuning Phase Separation Temperature. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:45026-45044. [PMID: 38046335 PMCID: PMC10687971 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
This study offers a comparison between three different types of thermoresponsive (TR) and thermo-pH-salt (TPR) multiresponsive polymers including homopoly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm), copolymers with three different monomers, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm), and styrene (S) at three different concentrations (5, 10, and 20 mol %), and a PNIPAAm terpolymer with 5, 10, and 20 mol % 2-((dimethylamino)methyl)-4-methylphenyl acrylate (DMAMCA) and 10 mol % HEMA, DMAAm, and S monomers. All polymers were chemically analyzed with 1H NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) as well as gel permeation chromatography (GPC) for the molecular weights and dispersity and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) for the glass transition temperatures. The cloud point, also known as the phase separation temperature (Cp), was determined for all polymers by a turbidity test using a UV-vis spectrophotometer; a micro-differential scanning calorimeter was used for measuring the cloud point in deionized water. The influence of a tertiary amine cationic group of DMAMCA changed the behavior of TR copolymers into TPR by shifting the cloud point of the TPR to higher values in acidic solutions (lower pH) and to lower values in alkaline solutions. The Cp was measured at different concentrations of Hofmeister kosmotropic and chaotropic anion salt solutions in a range of pH solutions for the terpolymers. It demonstrated the same behavior as mentioned in pH solutions besides the effect of salt ions. By measuring the Tc and Cp of these polymers, we can exploit various applications of stimuli-responsive materials for sensors and biomedical technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momen
S. A. Abdelaty
- Polymer
Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Polymer
Lab, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Nidal Abu-Zahra
- Materials
Science and Engineering Department, University
of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
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Yasar M, Oktay B, Dal Yontem F, Haciosmanoglu Aldogan E, Kayaman Apohan N. Development of Self-Healing Vanillin/PEI Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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Aljuaid M, Houck HA, Efstathiou S, Haddleton DM, Wilson P. Photocrosslinking of Polyacrylamides Using [2 + 2] Photodimerisation of Monothiomaleimides. Macromolecules 2022; 55:8495-8504. [PMID: 36245549 PMCID: PMC9558485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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The [2 + 2] photocycloaddition of monothiomaleimides
(MTMs) has
been exploited for the photocrosslinking of polyacrylamides. Polymer
scaffolds composed of dimethylacrylamide and varying amounts of d,l-homocysteine
thiolactone acrylamide (5, 10, and 20 mol %) were synthesized via
free-radical polymerization, whereby the latent thiol functionality
was exploited to incorporate MTM motifs. Subsequent exposure to UV
light (λ = 365 nm, 15 mW cm–2) triggered intermolecular
crosslinking via the photodimerization of MTM side chains, thus resulting
in the formation of polyacrylamide gels. The polymer scaffolds were
characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–visible
spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and size exclusion chromatography,
confirming the occurrence of the [2 + 2] photocycloaddition between
the MTM moieties. The mechanical and physical properties of the resulting
gels containing various MTM mol % were evaluated by rheology, compression
testing, and swelling experiments. In addition, scanning electron
microscopy was used to characterize the xerogel morphology of 5 and
10 mol % MTM hydro- and organo-gels. The macro-porous morphology obtained
for the hydrogels was attributed to phase separation due to the difference
in solubility of the PDMA modified with thiolactone side chains, provided
that a more homogeneous morphology was obtained when the photo-gels
were prepared in DMF as the solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Aljuaid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Library Road, CoventryCV4 7AL, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hannes A. Houck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Library Road, CoventryCV4 7AL, U.K
- Institute of Advanced Study, University of Warwick, CoventryCV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Spyridon Efstathiou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Library Road, CoventryCV4 7AL, U.K
| | - David M. Haddleton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Library Road, CoventryCV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Paul Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Library Road, CoventryCV4 7AL, U.K
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Abdelaty MSA. Comprehensive study of the phase transition temperature of poly (NIPAAm-co-DEAMCA-co-VA) terpolymers, post-serine and valine: thermal/pH and Hofmeister anions. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abdelaty MSA. Schiff base post-polymerization based on temperature/pH environmentally responsive poly (NIPAAm-co-DMAMVA-co-S): characterization and the trigger of LCST behavioral changes. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Altering of lower critical solution temperature of environmentally responsive poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid-co-vanillin acrylate) affected by acrylic acid, vanillin acrylate, and post-polymerization modification. Colloid Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-021-04882-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-2-((diethylamino)methyl)-4-methylphenyl acrylate) thermo-ph responsive copolymer: trend in the lower critical solution temperature optimization of Poly (N-isopropyylacrylamide). JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02574-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Functional Hydrogels and Their Application in Drug Delivery, Biosensors, and Tissue Engineering. INT J POLYM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/3160732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogel is a new class of functional polymer materials with a promising potential in the biomedical field. The purpose of this article is to review recent advancements in several types of biomedical hydrogels, including conductive hydrogels, injectable hydrogels, double network hydrogels, responsive hydrogels, nanocomposite hydrogels, and sliding hydrogels. In comparison with traditional hydrogels, these advanced hydrogels exhibit significant advantages in structure, mechanical properties, and applications. The article focuses on different methods used to prepare advanced biomedical hydrogels and their diversified applications as drug delivery systems, wound dressings, biosensors, contact lenses, and tissue replacement. These advances are rapidly overcoming current limitations of hydrogels, and we anticipate that further research will lead to the development of advanced hydrogels with ubiquitous roles in biomedicine and tissue replacement and regeneration.
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Influence of vanillin acrylate and 4-acetylphenyl acrylate hydrophobic functional monomers on phase separation of N-isopropylacrylamide environmental terpolymer: fabrication and characterization. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02890-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abdelaty MSA. Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide- co-2-((diethylamino)methyl)-4-formyl-6-methoxyphenyl acrylate) Environmental Functional Copolymers: Synthesis, Characterizations, and Grafting with Amino Acids. Biomolecules 2018; 8:E138. [PMID: 30404234 PMCID: PMC6316684 DOI: 10.3390/biom8040138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vanillin was used to synthesize a new derivative with an active aldehyde group and response to pH. It is named 2-((diethylamino) methyl)-4-formyl-6-methoxyphenyl acrylate, abbreviated to DEAMVA. The chemical structures were evaluated by ¹H, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared (IR), and UV-Vis-spectroscopy, and all results demonstrated good statement. In order to achieve the dual responsive behavior thermo-pH with functionality, free radical polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide with DEAMVA in different molar ratios (5, 10, 15 mol%) has been used, with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator. The chemical structure of the polymers was investigated by ¹H NMR and IR. The dual responsive functional copolymer was exposed to a grafted process with tryptophan and tyrosine, both of which were also evaluated by ¹HNMR and IR. Copolymers before and after grafting were physically investigated by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) for estimation of the molecular weight, the glass transition temperature by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the surface morphology. The phase separation or lower critical solution temperature (LCST) (Tc) of the polymer solution was determined not only by a turbidity method using the change in the transmittance with temperature, but also by micro-DSC. The conversion to an amino acid-grafted polymer was detected through Beer's law for the absorption of the ⁻CH=N- imine group by UV-Vis-Spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momen S A Abdelaty
- Polymer and Biopolymer Lap, Department of Biology, Collage of Haql, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.
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Abdelaty MSA. Environmental functional photo-cross-linked hydrogel bilayer thin films from vanillin (part 2): temperature-responsive layer A, functional, temperature and pH layer B. Polym Bull (Berl) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-018-2297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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