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Zou P, Iuga D, Ling S, Brown AJ, Chen S, Zhang M, Han Y, Fortes AD, Howard CM, Tao S. A fast ceramic mixed OH -/H + ionic conductor for low temperature fuel cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:909. [PMID: 38291342 PMCID: PMC10827789 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45060-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Low temperature ionic conducting materials such as OH- and H+ ionic conductors are important electrolytes for electrochemical devices. Here we show the discovery of mixed OH-/H+ conduction in ceramic materials. SrZr0.8Y0.2O3-δ exhibits a high ionic conductivity of approximately 0.01 S cm-1 at 90 °C in both water and wet air, which has been demonstrated by direct ammonia fuel cells. Neutron diffraction confirms the presence of OD bonds in the lattice of deuterated SrZr0.8Y0.2O3-δ. The OH- ionic conduction of CaZr0.8Y0.2O3-δ in water was demonstrated by electrolysis of both H218O and D2O. The ionic conductivity of CaZr0.8Y0.2O3-δ in 6 M KOH solution is around 0.1 S cm-1 at 90 °C, 100 times higher than that in pure water, indicating increased OH- ionic conductivity with a higher concentration of feed OH- ions. Density functional theory calculations suggest the diffusion of OH- ions relies on oxygen vacancies and temporarily formed hydrogen bonds. This opens a window to discovering new ceramic ionic conducting materials for near ambient temperature fuel cells, electrolysers and other electrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peimiao Zou
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Dinu Iuga
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Alex J Brown
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Shigang Chen
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Mengfei Zhang
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Yisong Han
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - A Dominic Fortes
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Spallation Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Christopher M Howard
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Spallation Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Shanwen Tao
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
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Cruz-Balaz MI, Bósquez-Cáceres MF, Delgado AD, Arjona N, Morera Córdova V, Álvarez-Contreras L, Tafur JP. Green Energy Storage: Chitosan-Avocado Starch Hydrogels for a Novel Generation of Zinc Battery Electrolytes. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4398. [PMID: 38006122 PMCID: PMC10675044 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Meeting the ever-increasing global energy demands through sustainable and environmentally friendly means is a paramount challenge. In response to this imperative, this study is dedicated to the development of biopolymer electrolytes, which hold promise for improving the efficiency, safety, and biodegradability of energy systems. The present study aims to evaluate hydrogels synthesized from chitosan biopolymer and starch from avocado seed residues in different ratios, and dried using freeze-thawing and freeze-drying techniques. Epichlorohydrin was used as a chemical crosslinker to create a suitable degree of swelling using an ionic solution. Physical freezing crosslinking strategies such as freezing-thawing and freezing-drying were performed to generate a denser porous structure in the polymer matrix. Subsequently, synthesized electrolytes were immersed in 12 M KOH solution to improve their electrochemical properties. The effect of the different ratios of starch in the hydrogels on the structural properties of the materials was evaluated using characterization techniques such as FTIR and XRD, which allowed to confirm the crosslinking between chitosan and starch. The electrochemical performance of the hydrogels is assessed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. A maximum conductivity value of 0.61 S·cm-1 was achieved at room temperature. The designed materials were tested in prototype zinc-air batteries; their specific capacity value was 1618 mA h·g-1, and their obtained power density was 90 mW·cm-2. These substantial findings unequivocally underscore the potential of the synthesized hydrogels as highly promising electrolytes for the application in zinc-air battery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- María I. Cruz-Balaz
- Grupo de Investigación Aplicada en Materiales y Procesos (GIAMP), School of Chemical Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100115, Ecuador; (M.I.C.-B.); (M.F.B.-C.); (V.M.C.)
| | - María Fernanda Bósquez-Cáceres
- Grupo de Investigación Aplicada en Materiales y Procesos (GIAMP), School of Chemical Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100115, Ecuador; (M.I.C.-B.); (M.F.B.-C.); (V.M.C.)
| | - Anabel D. Delgado
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S.C. (CIMAV), Miguel de Cervantes No. 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, Mexico;
| | - Noé Arjona
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica S. C., Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro C.P. 76703, Mexico;
| | - Vivian Morera Córdova
- Grupo de Investigación Aplicada en Materiales y Procesos (GIAMP), School of Chemical Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100115, Ecuador; (M.I.C.-B.); (M.F.B.-C.); (V.M.C.)
| | - Lorena Álvarez-Contreras
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S.C. (CIMAV), Miguel de Cervantes No. 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, Mexico;
| | - Juan P. Tafur
- Grupo de Investigación Aplicada en Materiales y Procesos (GIAMP), School of Chemical Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100115, Ecuador; (M.I.C.-B.); (M.F.B.-C.); (V.M.C.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Química y Diseño Industrial, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería y Diseño Industrial (ETSIDI), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Ronda de Valencia 3, 28012 Madrid, Spain
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Bongu C, Krishnan MR, Soliman A, Arsalan M, Alsharaeh EH. Flexible and Freestanding MoS 2/Graphene Composite for High-Performance Supercapacitors. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:36789-36800. [PMID: 37841111 PMCID: PMC10568709 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional atomically thick materials such as graphene and layered molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) have been studied as potential energy storage materials because of their high specific surface area, potential redox activity, and mechanical flexibility. However, because of the layered structure restacking and poor electrical conductivity, these materials are unable to attain their full potential. Composite electrodes made of a mixture of graphene and MoS2 have been shown to partially resolve these issues in the past, although their performance is still limited by inadequate mixing at the nanoscale. Herein, we report three composites via a simple ball-milling method and analyze supercapacitor electrodes. Compared with pristine graphene and MoS2, the composites showed high capacitance. The as-obtained MoS2@Graphene composite (1:9) possesses a high surface area and uniform dispersion of MoS2 on the graphene sheet. The MoS2@Graphene (1:9) composite electrode has a high specific capacitance of 248 F g-1 at 5 A g-1 in an electrochemical supercapacitor compared with the other two composites. Simultaneously, the flexible symmetric supercapacitor device prepared demonstrated superior flexibility and a long lifespan (93% capacitance retention after 8000 cycles) with no obvious changes in performance under different angles. In portable and wearable energy storage devices, the current experimental results will result in scalable, freestanding hybrid electrodes with improved, flexible, supercapacitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra
Sekhar Bongu
- College
of Science and General Studies, Alfaisal
University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohan Raj Krishnan
- College
of Science and General Studies, Alfaisal
University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelrahman Soliman
- College
of Science and General Studies, Alfaisal
University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Arsalan
- EXPEC
Advanced Research Center, Saudi Aramco, P.O. Box 5000, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Edreese H. Alsharaeh
- College
of Science and General Studies, Alfaisal
University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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Takeno H. Editorial on the Special Issue "Advances in Composite Gels". Gels 2023; 9:gels9010046. [PMID: 36661812 PMCID: PMC9857516 DOI: 10.3390/gels9010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer gels are soft materials composed of a large amount of solvent (water, organic solvent, and ionic liquid) and a polymer, and they are constructed using a three-dimensional network [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Takeno
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Gunma, Japan;
- Gunma University Center for Food Science and Wellness, 4-2 Aramaki, Maebashi 371-8510, Gunma, Japan
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M. Hizam SM, Al-Dhahebi AM, Mohamed Saheed MS. Recent Advances in Graphene-Based Nanocomposites for Ammonia Detection. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:5125. [PMID: 36501520 PMCID: PMC9739373 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand to mitigate the alarming effects of the emission of ammonia (NH3) on human health and the environment has highlighted the growing attention to the design of reliable and effective sensing technologies using novel materials and unique nanocomposites with tunable functionalities. Among the state-of-the-art ammonia detection materials, graphene-based polymeric nanocomposites have gained significant attention. Despite the ever-increasing number of publications on graphene-based polymeric nanocomposites for ammonia detection, various understandings and information regarding the process, mechanisms, and new material components have not been fully explored. Therefore, this review summarises the recent progress of graphene-based polymeric nanocomposites for ammonia detection. A comprehensive discussion is provided on the various gas sensor designs, including chemiresistive, Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM), and Field-Effect Transistor (FET), as well as gas sensors utilising the graphene-based polymer nanocomposites, in addition to highlighting the pros and cons of graphene to enhance the performance of gas sensors. Moreover, the various techniques used to fabricate graphene-based nanocomposites and the numerous polymer electrolytes (e.g., conductive polymeric electrolytes), the ion transport models, and the fabrication and detection mechanisms of ammonia are critically addressed. Finally, a brief outlook on the significant progress, future opportunities, and challenges of graphene-based polymer nanocomposites for the application of ammonia detection are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Maira M. Hizam
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructures and Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Adel Mohammed Al-Dhahebi
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructures and Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Shuaib Mohamed Saheed
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructures and Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
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Narducci R, Becerra-Arciniegas RA, Pasquini L, Ercolani G, Knauth P, Di Vona ML. Anion-Conducting Polymer Electrolyte without Ether Linkages and with Ionic Groups Grafted on Long Side Chains: Poly(Alkylene Biphenyl Butyltrimethyl Ammonium) (ABBA). MEMBRANES 2022; 12:337. [PMID: 35323811 PMCID: PMC8956100 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12030337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work we report the synthesis of the new ionomer poly(alkylene biphenyl butyltrimethyl ammonium) (ABBA) with a backbone devoid of alkaline-labile C-O-C bonds and with quaternary ammonium groups grafted on long side chains. The ionomer was achieved by metalation reaction with n-butyllithium of 2-bromobiphenyl, followed by the introduction of the long chain with 1,4-dibromobutane. The reaction steps were followed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy showing the characteristic signals of the Br-butyl chain and indicating the complete functionalization of the biphenyl moiety. The precursor was polycondensed with 1,1,1-trifluoroacetone and then quaternized using trimethylamine (TMA). After the acid catalyzed polycondensation, the stoichiometric ratio between the precursors was respected. The quaternization with TMA gave a final degree of amination of 0.83 in agreement with the thermogravimetric analysis and with the ion exchange capacity of 2.5 meq/g determined by acid-base titration. The new ionomer blended with poly(vinylalcohol) (PVA) or poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) was also characterized by water uptake (WU) and ionic conductivity measurements. The higher water uptake and ionic conductivity observed with the PVDF blend might be related to a better nanophase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Narducci
- Department of Industrial Engineering and International Laboratory “Ionomer Materials for Energy”, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Roma, Italy; (R.A.B.-A.); (M.L.D.V.)
| | - Raul Andres Becerra-Arciniegas
- Department of Industrial Engineering and International Laboratory “Ionomer Materials for Energy”, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Roma, Italy; (R.A.B.-A.); (M.L.D.V.)
- CNRS, MADIREL (UMR 7246) and International Laboratory “Ionomer Materials for Energy”, Aix-Marseille University, Campus St Jérôme, 13013 Marseille, France; (L.P.); (P.K.)
| | - Luca Pasquini
- CNRS, MADIREL (UMR 7246) and International Laboratory “Ionomer Materials for Energy”, Aix-Marseille University, Campus St Jérôme, 13013 Marseille, France; (L.P.); (P.K.)
| | - Gianfranco Ercolani
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy;
| | - Philippe Knauth
- CNRS, MADIREL (UMR 7246) and International Laboratory “Ionomer Materials for Energy”, Aix-Marseille University, Campus St Jérôme, 13013 Marseille, France; (L.P.); (P.K.)
| | - Maria Luisa Di Vona
- Department of Industrial Engineering and International Laboratory “Ionomer Materials for Energy”, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Roma, Italy; (R.A.B.-A.); (M.L.D.V.)
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