1
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Joshi SR, Pratap A, Kim S. Ultrathin silk nanofiber-carbon nanotube skin tattoos for wirelessly triggered and temperature feedbacked transdermal drug delivery. Biomed Eng Lett 2024; 14:707-716. [PMID: 38946825 PMCID: PMC11208351 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-024-00363-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery has emerged as an alternative to conventional drug delivery systems as it enables painless and convenient drug administration. However, next-generation healthcare systems need to facilitate "on-demand" delivery operations and should be highly efficient to penetrate the physiological barriers in the skin. Here, we report an ultrathin dye-loaded epidermal tattoo (UDET) that allows wirelessly stimulated drug delivery with high efficiency. The UDET consists of an electrospun dye-loaded silk nanofiber mat and a covered carbon nanotube (CNT) layer. UDETs are conformally tattooed on pigskins and show stable operation under mechanical deformation. Biological fluorescence dyes such as vitamin B12, riboflavin, rhodamine B, and sodium fluorescein are applied as model drugs. Illuminating the UDET by a low-power light-emitting diode (< 34.5 mW/cm2) triggers transdermal drug delivery due to heat generation. The CNTs convert the absorbed light into heat, and then the dyes loaded on silk can be diffused through the epidermis. The CNT layer is electrically conductive and can detect the temperature by reading the resistance change (0.1917 Ω/°C). This indicates that the UDET can be used simultaneously to read temperature and deliver the loaded dye molecules, making it a promising on-demand drug delivery strategy for future medicine technology. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13534-024-00363-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalik Ram Joshi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Ajay Pratap
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499 Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
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2
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Madfoon SM, Nile RS, Almajidi YQ, Saleh EAM, Kassem AF, Mohammed IH, Shafik SS, Elawady A, Singh R, Omran AA. Biological investigation of a novel nanocomposite based on xanthan gum-alginate hydrogel/PVA, incorporated with ZnMnFe 2O 4 nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132267. [PMID: 38816292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
In light of the need to create new materials that are safe for use in biomedical applications like wound healing and tissue engineering, a unique nanocomposite was formulated and produced in the current investigation. A biocompatible hydrogel was created using natural polymers xanthan gum (XG) and alginate (Alg). In order to enhance the mechanical characteristics of the natural polymer-based hydrogels, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was added to the hydrogel matrix. Subsequently, the XG-Alg hydrogel/PVA structure was combined with ZnMnFe2O4 nanoparticles in order to augment the antibacterial efficacy of the biomaterial. The XG-Alg hydrogel/PVA/ZnMnFe2O4 nanocomposite was analyzed using XRD, EDX, FT-IR, TGA, and FE-SEM techniques to determine its properties. In addition, the mechanical properties of the pure hydrogel were compared to those of the XG-Alg hydrogel/PVA/ZnMnFe2O4 nanocomposite. The nanocomposite exhibited a biocompatibility of 96.45 % and 94.32 % with HEK293T cell lines after 24 h and 48 h of incubation, respectively, in biological evaluations. Furthermore, a significant antibacterial efficacy was demonstrated against both gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria. The findings suggest that the developed XG-Alg hydrogel/PVA/ZnMnFe2O4 nanocomposite has promising qualities for use in biomedical fields, such as tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yasir Qasim Almajidi
- Baghdad College of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutics), Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Ebraheem Abdu Musad Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa F Kassem
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | | | - Shafik Shaker Shafik
- Experimental Nuclear Radiation Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Elawady
- College of technical engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Electronics & Communication engineering, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Alaa A Omran
- Department of Engineering, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
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3
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Mashaqbeh H, Al-Ghzawi B, BaniAmer F. Exploring the Formulation and Approaches of Injectable Hydrogels Utilizing Hyaluronic Acid in Biomedical Uses. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2024; 2024:3869387. [PMID: 38831895 PMCID: PMC11147673 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3869387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The characteristics of injectable hydrogels make them a prime contender for various biomedical applications. Hyaluronic acid is an essential component of the matrix surrounding the cells; moreover, hyaluronic acid's structural and biochemical characteristics entice researchers to develop injectable hydrogels for various applications. However, due to its poor mechanical properties, several strategies are used to produce injectable hyaluronic acid hydrogel. This review summarizes published studies on the production of injectable hydrogels based on hyaluronic acid polysaccharide polymers and the biomedical field's applications for these hydrogel systems. Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels are divided into two categories based on their injectability mechanisms: in situ-forming injectable hydrogels and shear-thinning injectable hydrogels. Many crosslinking methods are used to create injectable hydrogels; chemical crosslinking techniques are the most frequently investigated technique. Hybrid injectable hydrogel systems are widely investigated by blending hyaluronic acid with other polymers or nanoparticulate systems. Injectable hyaluronic acid hydrogels were thoroughly investigated and proven to demonstrate potential in various medical fields, including delivering drugs and cells, tissue repair, and wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeia Mashaqbeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Batool Al-Ghzawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Fatima BaniAmer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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4
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Mohaghegh N, Ahari A, Zehtabi F, Buttles C, Davani S, Hoang H, Tseng K, Zamanian B, Khosravi S, Daniali A, Kouchehbaghi NH, Thomas I, Serati Nouri H, Khorsandi D, Abbasgholizadeh R, Akbari M, Patil R, Kang H, Jucaud V, Khademhosseini A, Hassani Najafabadi A. Injectable hydrogels for personalized cancer immunotherapies. Acta Biomater 2023; 172:67-91. [PMID: 37806376 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The field of cancer immunotherapy has shown significant growth, and researchers are now focusing on effective strategies to enhance and prolong local immunomodulation. Injectable hydrogels (IHs) have emerged as versatile platforms for encapsulating and controlling the release of small molecules and cells, drawing significant attention for their potential to enhance antitumor immune responses while inhibiting metastasis and recurrence. IHs delivering natural killer (NK) cells, T cells, and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) offer a viable method for treating cancer. Indeed, it can bypass the extracellular matrix and gradually release small molecules or cells into the tumor microenvironment, thereby boosting immune responses against cancer cells. This review provides an overview of the recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy using IHs for delivering NK cells, T cells, APCs, chemoimmunotherapy, radio-immunotherapy, and photothermal-immunotherapy. First, we introduce IHs as a delivery matrix, then summarize their applications for the local delivery of small molecules and immune cells to elicit robust anticancer immune responses. Additionally, we discuss recent progress in IHs systems used for local combination therapy, including chemoimmunotherapy, radio-immunotherapy, photothermal-immunotherapy, photodynamic-immunotherapy, and gene-immunotherapy. By comprehensively examining the utilization of IHs in cancer immunotherapy, this review aims to highlight the potential of IHs as effective carriers for immunotherapy delivery, facilitating the development of innovative strategies for cancer treatment. In addition, we demonstrate that using hydrogel-based platforms for the targeted delivery of immune cells, such as NK cells, T cells, and dendritic cells (DCs), has remarkable potential in cancer therapy. These innovative approaches have yielded substantial reductions in tumor growth, showcasing the ability of hydrogels to enhance the efficacy of immune-based treatments. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: As cancer immunotherapy continues to expand, the mode of therapeutic agent delivery becomes increasingly critical. This review spotlights the forward-looking progress of IHs, emphasizing their potential to revolutionize localized immunotherapy delivery. By efficiently encapsulating and controlling the release of essential immune components such as T cells, NK cells, APCs, and various therapeutic agents, IHs offer a pioneering pathway to amplify immune reactions, moderate metastasis, and reduce recurrence. Their adaptability further shines when considering their role in emerging combination therapies, including chemoimmunotherapy, radio-immunotherapy, and photothermal-immunotherapy. Understanding IHs' significance in cancer therapy is essential, suggesting a shift in cancer treatment dynamics and heralding a novel period of focused, enduring, and powerful therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Mohaghegh
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Amir Ahari
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Surgery, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Fatemeh Zehtabi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Claire Buttles
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Indiana University Bloomington, Department of Biology, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Saya Davani
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Hanna Hoang
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Kaylee Tseng
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA
| | - Benjamin Zamanian
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Safoora Khosravi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z4, Canada
| | - Ariella Daniali
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Negar Hosseinzadeh Kouchehbaghi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Textile Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - Isabel Thomas
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Hamed Serati Nouri
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Danial Khorsandi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Akbari
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Laboratory for Innovations in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Rameshwar Patil
- Department of Basic Science and Neurosurgery, Division of Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Heemin Kang
- Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA.
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA.
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5
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Xin H, Tomaskovic-Crook E, Al Maruf DSA, Cheng K, Wykes J, Manzie TGH, Wise SG, Crook JM, Clark JR. From Free Tissue Transfer to Hydrogels: A Brief Review of the Application of the Periosteum in Bone Regeneration. Gels 2023; 9:768. [PMID: 37754449 PMCID: PMC10530949 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The periosteum is a thin layer of connective tissue covering bone. It is an essential component for bone development and fracture healing. There has been considerable research exploring the application of the periosteum in bone regeneration since the 19th century. An increasing number of studies are focusing on periosteal progenitor cells found within the periosteum and the use of hydrogels as scaffold materials for periosteum engineering and guided bone development. Here, we provide an overview of the research investigating the use of the periosteum for bone repair, with consideration given to the anatomy and function of the periosteum, the importance of the cambium layer, the culture of periosteal progenitor cells, periosteum-induced ossification, periosteal perfusion, periosteum engineering, scaffold vascularization, and hydrogel-based synthetic periostea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Xin
- Integrated Prosthetics and Reconstruction, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; (D.S.A.A.M.); (K.C.); (J.W.); (T.G.H.M.); (J.R.C.)
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Eva Tomaskovic-Crook
- Arto Hardy Family Biomedical Innovation Hub, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; (E.T.-C.); (J.M.C.)
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - D S Abdullah Al Maruf
- Integrated Prosthetics and Reconstruction, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; (D.S.A.A.M.); (K.C.); (J.W.); (T.G.H.M.); (J.R.C.)
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Kai Cheng
- Integrated Prosthetics and Reconstruction, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; (D.S.A.A.M.); (K.C.); (J.W.); (T.G.H.M.); (J.R.C.)
- Royal Prince Alfred Institute of Academic Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - James Wykes
- Integrated Prosthetics and Reconstruction, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; (D.S.A.A.M.); (K.C.); (J.W.); (T.G.H.M.); (J.R.C.)
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Timothy G. H. Manzie
- Integrated Prosthetics and Reconstruction, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; (D.S.A.A.M.); (K.C.); (J.W.); (T.G.H.M.); (J.R.C.)
| | - Steven G. Wise
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Jeremy M. Crook
- Arto Hardy Family Biomedical Innovation Hub, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; (E.T.-C.); (J.M.C.)
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Jonathan R. Clark
- Integrated Prosthetics and Reconstruction, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; (D.S.A.A.M.); (K.C.); (J.W.); (T.G.H.M.); (J.R.C.)
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Royal Prince Alfred Institute of Academic Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
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6
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Lima-Sousa R, Alves CG, Melo BL, Costa FJP, Nave M, Moreira AF, Mendonça AG, Correia IJ, de Melo-Diogo D. Injectable hydrogels for the delivery of nanomaterials for cancer combinatorial photothermal therapy. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6082-6108. [PMID: 37539702 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00845b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Progress in the nanotechnology field has led to the development of a new class of materials capable of producing a temperature increase triggered by near infrared light. These photothermal nanostructures have been extensively explored in the ablation of cancer cells. Nevertheless, the available data in the literature have exposed that systemically administered nanomaterials have a poor tumor-homing capacity, hindering their full therapeutic potential. This paradigm shift has propelled the development of new injectable hydrogels for the local delivery of nanomaterials aimed at cancer photothermal therapy. These hydrogels can be assembled at the tumor site after injection (in situ forming) or can undergo a gel-sol-gel transition during injection (shear-thinning/self-healing). Besides incorporating photothermal nanostructures, these injectable hydrogels can also incorporate or be combined with other agents, paving the way for an improved therapeutic outcome. This review analyses the application of injectable hydrogels for the local delivery of nanomaterials aimed at cancer photothermal therapy as well as their combination with photodynamic-, chemo-, immuno- and radio-therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Lima-Sousa
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Cátia G Alves
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Bruna L Melo
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Francisco J P Costa
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Micaela Nave
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - André F Moreira
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - António G Mendonça
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
- Departamento de Química, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ilídio J Correia
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Duarte de Melo-Diogo
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
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7
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Vegad U, Patel M, Khunt D, Zupančič O, Chauhan S, Paudel A. pH stimuli-responsive hydrogels from non-cellulosic biopolymers for drug delivery. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1270364. [PMID: 37781530 PMCID: PMC10540072 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1270364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past several decades, there has been significant growth in the design and development of more efficient and advanced biomaterials based on non-cellulosic biological macromolecules. In this context, hydrogels based on stimuli-responsive non-cellulosic biological macromolecules have garnered significant attention because of their intrinsic physicochemical properties, biological characteristics, and sustainability. Due to their capacity to adapt to physiological pHs with rapid and reversible changes, several researchers have investigated pH-responsive-based non-cellulosic polymers from various materials. pH-responsive hydrogels release therapeutic substances in response to pH changes, providing tailored administration, fewer side effects, and improved treatment efficacy while reducing tissue damage. Because of these qualities, they have been shown to be useful in a wide variety of applications, including the administration of chemotherapeutic drugs, biological material, and natural components. The pH-sensitive biopolymers that are utilized most frequently include chitosan, alginate, hyaluronic acid, guar gum, and dextran. In this review article, the emphasis is placed on pH stimuli-responsive materials that are based on biological macromolecules for the purposes of drug administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udaykumar Vegad
- Graduate School of Pharmacy, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Megha Patel
- Graduate School of Pharmacy, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Dignesh Khunt
- Graduate School of Pharmacy, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ožbej Zupančič
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Graz, Austria
| | - Sanjay Chauhan
- Graduate School of Pharmacy, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Amrit Paudel
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Graz, Austria
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
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8
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Fonseca RG, Kuster A, Fernandes PP, Tavakoli M, Pereira P, Fernandes JR, De Bon F, Serra AC, Fonseca AC, Coelho JFJ. Facile Synthesis of Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Photodegradable Hydrogels. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300918. [PMID: 37133868 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, highly stretchable and tough hydrogels that are photodegradable on-demand have been reported. Unfortunately, the preparation procedure is complex due to the hydrophobic nature of the photocrosslinkers. Herein, a simple method is reported to prepare photodegradable double-network (DN) hydrogels that exhibit high stretchability, toughness, and biocompatibility. Hydrophilic ortho-nitrobenzyl (ONB) crosslinkers incorporating different poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) backbones (600, 1000, and 2000 g mol-1 ) are synthesized. These photodegradable DN hydrogels are prepared by the irreversible crosslinking of chains by using such ONB crosslinkers, and the reversible ionic crosslinking between sodium alginate and divalent cations (Ca2+ ). Remarkable mechanical properties are obtained by combining ionic and covalent crosslinking and their synergistic effect, and by reducing the length of the PEG backbone. The rapid on-demand degradation of these hydrogels is also demonstrated by using cytocompatible light wavelength (λ = 365 nm) that degrades the photosensitive ONB units. The authors have successfully used these hydrogels as skin-worn sensors for monitoring human respiration and physical activities. A combination of excellent mechanical properties, facile fabrication, and on-demand degradation holds promise for their application as the next generation of substrates or active sensors eco-friendly for bioelectronics, biosensors, wearable computing, and stretchable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita G Fonseca
- CEMMPRE - Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-790, Portugal
| | - Aline Kuster
- CEMMPRE - Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-790, Portugal
| | - Pedro P Fernandes
- Soft and Printed Microelectronics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-194, Portugal
| | - Mahmoud Tavakoli
- Soft and Printed Microelectronics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-194, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Pereira
- CEMMPRE - Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-790, Portugal
- IPN - Instituto Pedro Nunes, Associação para a Inovação e Desenvolvimento em Ciência e Tecnologia, Rua Pedro Nunes, Coimbra, 3030-199, Portugal
| | - José R Fernandes
- Chemical Centre - Vila Real (CQVR), Physics Department, School of Science and Technology, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, 5000-801, Portugal
| | - Francesco De Bon
- CEMMPRE - Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-790, Portugal
| | - Arménio C Serra
- CEMMPRE - Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-790, Portugal
| | - Ana C Fonseca
- CEMMPRE - Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-790, Portugal
| | - Jorge F J Coelho
- CEMMPRE - Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-790, Portugal
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9
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Priyadarsini SL, Suresh M, Nikhila G. Assessment framework for the selection of a potential interactive dressing material for diabetic foot ulcer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16476. [PMID: 37292346 PMCID: PMC10245162 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer is a chronic health issue leading to lower leg amputations in approximately 15% of patients with diabetics. There are many factors directly or indirectly involved in the physiology of wound healing but being a multisystem disorder, wound healing in diabetic patients retard or worsen with heavy exudates and severe microbial infections. Wound management is of prime importance and is an emerging area to incorporate wound regenerative materials in natural or synthetic dressing materials along with proper microbial control. The article aim to identify suitable dressing materials which exhibit inherent wound healing properties at the same time flexible to be used as drug carriers for slow, consistent and effective delivery of 'functional drugs' to the wound environment. The authors selected nine materials from the popular and well accepted dressings of patient choice, analyzed them using graph theoretic approach and ranked them on the basis of graph index values obtained. A critical review has also been done on the basis of their ranking, providing insights to the advantages, disadvantage and potential of top 5 ranked candidate materials. Alginate, Honey, Medifoam, Saline, and Hydrogel dressings were the top five candidate materials ranked respectively, even then, the authors suggests that 'modified hydrogels' can have the potential to be used as a future candidate in DFU treatment as it is the only material (among the top ranked ones) which can effectively used as regenerative drug carrier, while providing all other wound healing properties in relative proportions. The proposed framework can be modified and applied in the selection and ranking of materials for any kind of applications both in industry and medical fields by identifying factors influencing the final outcome of study and by listing the characteristics of the materials selected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Suresh
- Amrita School of Business, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, 641112, India
| | - G. Nikhila
- Government Victoria College, University of Calicut, Palakkad, 678001, Kerala, India
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10
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Serpico L, Dello Iacono S, Cammarano A, De Stefano L. Recent Advances in Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel-Based Wound Dressing. Gels 2023; 9:451. [PMID: 37367122 DOI: 10.3390/gels9060451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymeric materials have found increasing use in biomedical applications in the last decades. Among them, hydrogels represent the chosen class of materials to use in this field, in particular as wound dressings. They are generally non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable, and they can absorb large amounts of exudates. Moreover, hydrogels actively contribute to skin repair promoting fibroblast proliferation and keratinocyte migration, allowing oxygen to permeate, and protecting wounds from microbial invasion. As wound dressing, stimuli-responsive systems are particularly advantageous since they can be active only in response to specific environmental stimuli (such as pH, light, ROS concentration, temperature, and glucose level). In this review, we briefly resume the human skin's structure and functions, as well as the wound healing phases; then, we present recent advances in stimuli-responsive hydrogels-based wound dressings. Lastly, we provide a bibliometric analysis of knowledge produced in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigia Serpico
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems (ISASI), National Research Council, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Materias Srl, Corso N. Protopisani 50, 80146 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Dello Iacono
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), National Research Council, P.le E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | | | - Luca De Stefano
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems (ISASI), National Research Council, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
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11
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Zhivkov AM, Popov TT, Hristova SH. Composite Hydrogels with Included Solid-State Nanoparticles Bearing Anticancer Chemotherapeutics. Gels 2023; 9:gels9050421. [PMID: 37233012 DOI: 10.3390/gels9050421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels have many useful physicochemical properties which, in combination with their biocompatibility, suggest their application as a drug delivery system for the local and prorogated release of drugs. However, their drug-absorption capacity is limited because of the gel net's poor adsorption of hydrophilic molecules and in particular, hydrophobic molecules. The absorption capacity of hydrogels can be increased with the incorporation of nanoparticles due to their huge surface area. In this review, composite hydrogels (physical, covalent and injectable) with included hydrophobic and hydrophilic nanoparticles are considered as suitable for use as carriers of anticancer chemotherapeutics. The main focus is given to the surface properties of the nanoparticles (hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and surface electric charge) formed from metal and dielectric substances: metals (gold, silver), metal-oxides (iron, aluminum, titanium, zirconium), silicates (quartz) and carbon (graphene). The physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles are emphasized in order to assist researchers in choosing appropriate nanoparticles for the adsorption of drugs with hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandar M Zhivkov
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 11, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Trifon T Popov
- Medical Faculty, Medical University-Sofia, Zdrave Str. 2, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Svetlana H Hristova
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, Medical University-Sofia, Zdrave Str. 2, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
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12
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Zhang J, Ding H, Zhang F, Xu Y, Liang W, Huang L. New trends in diagnosing and treating ovarian cancer using nanotechnology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1160985. [PMID: 37082219 PMCID: PMC10110946 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1160985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer stands as the fifth most prevalent cancer among women, causing more mortalities than any other disease of the female reproductive system. There are numerous histological subtypes of ovarian cancer, each of which has distinct clinical characteristics, risk factors, cell origins, molecular compositions, and therapeutic options. Typically, it is identified at a late stage, and there is no efficient screening method. Standard therapies for newly diagnosed cancer are cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy. The difficulties of traditional therapeutic procedures encourage researchers to search for other approaches, such as nanotechnology. Due to the unique characteristics of matter at the nanoscale, nanomedicine has emerged as a potent tool for creating novel drug carriers that are more effective and have fewer adverse effects than traditional treatments. Nanocarriers including liposomes, dendrimers, polymer nanoparticles, and polymer micelles have unique properties in surface chemistry, morphology, and mechanism of action that can distinguish between malignant and normal cells, paving the way for targeted drug delivery. In contrast to their non-functionalized counterparts, the development of functionalized nano-formulations with specific ligands permits selective targeting of ovarian cancers and ultimately increases the therapeutic potential. This review focuses on the application of various nanomaterials to the treatment and diagnosis of ovarian cancer, their advantages over conventional treatment methods, and the effective role of controlled drug delivery systems in the therapy of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shaoxing, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Haigang Ding
- Department of Gynecology, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shaoxing, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shaoxing, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Intensive Care Unit, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Medical Research Center, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
- *Correspondence: Liping Huang, ; Wenqing Liang,
| | - Liping Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
- *Correspondence: Liping Huang, ; Wenqing Liang,
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13
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Garcia Garcia C, Patkar SS, Wang B, Abouomar R, Kiick KL. Recombinant protein-based injectable materials for biomedical applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 193:114673. [PMID: 36574920 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Injectable nanocarriers and hydrogels have found widespread use in a variety of biomedical applications such as local and sustained biotherapeutic cargo delivery, and as cell-instructive matrices for tissue engineering. Recent advances in the development and application of recombinant protein-based materials as injectable platforms under physiological conditions have made them useful platforms for the development of nanoparticles and tissue engineering matrices, which are reviewed in this work. Protein-engineered biomaterials are highly customizable, and they provide distinctly tunable rheological properties, encapsulation efficiencies, and delivery profiles. In particular, the key advantages of emerging technologies which harness the stimuli-responsive properties of recombinant polypeptide-based materials are highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristobal Garcia Garcia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Sai S Patkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Ramadan Abouomar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Kristi L Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19176, USA.
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14
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Salehi S, Naghib SM, Garshasbi HR, Ghorbanzadeh S, Zhang W. Smart stimuli-responsive injectable gels and hydrogels for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications: A review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1104126. [PMID: 36911200 PMCID: PMC9992555 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1104126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are widely used biomaterials in the delivery of therapeutic agents, including drugs, genes, proteins, etc., as well as tissue engineering, due to obvious properties such as biocompatibility and their similarity to natural body tissues. Some of these substances have the feature of injectability, which means that the substance is injected into the desired place in the solution state and then turns into the gel, which makes it possible to administer them from a way with a minimal amount of invasion and eliminate the need for surgery to implant pre-formed materials. Gelation can be caused by a stimulus and/or spontaneously. Suppose this induces due to the effect of one or many stimuli. In that case, the material in question is called stimuli-responsive because it responds to the surrounding conditions. In this context, we introduce the different stimuli that cause gelation and investigate the different mechanisms of the transformation of the solution into the gel in them. Also, we study special structures, such as nano gels or nanocomposite gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Salehi
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology and Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Naghib
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology and Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Garshasbi
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology and Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Ghorbanzadeh
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
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15
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Zhao J, Wang L, Zhang H, Liao B, Li Y. Progress of Research in In Situ Smart Hydrogels for Local Antitumor Therapy: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102028. [PMID: 36297463 PMCID: PMC9611441 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer seriously threatens human health. Surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the three pillars of traditional cancer treatment, with targeted therapy and immunotherapy emerging over recent decades. Standard drug regimens are mostly executed via intravenous injection (IV), especially for chemotherapy agents. However, these treatments pose severe risks, including off-target toxic side effects, low drug accumulation and penetration at the tumor site, repeated administration, etc., leading to inadequate treatment and failure to meet patients’ needs. Arising from these challenges, a local regional anticancer strategy has been proposed to enhance therapeutic efficacy and concomitantly reduce systemic toxicity. With the advances in biomaterials and our understanding of the tumor microenvironment, in situ stimulus-responsive hydrogels, also called smart hydrogels, have been extensively investigated for local anticancer therapy due to their injectability, compatibility and responsiveness to various stimuli (pH, enzyme, heat, light, magnetic fields, electric fields etc.). Herein, we focus on the latest progress regarding various stimuli that cause phase transition and drug release from smart hydrogels in local regional anticancer therapy. Additionally, the challenges and future trends of the reviewed in situ smart hydrogels for local drug delivery are summarized and proposed.
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16
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Idumah CI, Nwuzor IC, Odera SR, Timothy UJ, Ngenegbo U, Tanjung FA. Recent advances in polymeric hydrogel nanoarchitectures for drug delivery applications. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2022.2120875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Igwe Idumah
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - I. C. Nwuzor
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - S. R. Odera
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - U. J. Timothy
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - U. Ngenegbo
- Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Biosciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - F. A. Tanjung
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Medan Area, Medan, Indonesia
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Gene Regulations upon Hydrogel-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems in Skin Cancers-An Overview. Gels 2022; 8:gels8090560. [PMID: 36135270 PMCID: PMC9498739 DOI: 10.3390/gels8090560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of skin cancer has increased dramatically in recent years, particularly in Caucasian populations. Specifically, the metastatic melanoma is one of the most aggressive cancers and is responsible for more than 80% of skin cancer deaths around the globe. Though there are many treatment techniques, and drugs have been used to cure this belligerent skin cancer, the side effects and reduced bioavailability of drug in the targeted area makes it difficult to eradicate. In addition, cellular metabolic pathways are controlled by the skin cancer driver genes, and mutations in these genes promote tumor progression. Consequently, the MAPK (RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway), WNT and PI3K signaling pathways are found to be important molecular regulators in melanoma development. Even though hydrogels have turned out to be a promising drug delivery system in skin cancer treatment, the regulations at the molecular level have not been reported. Thus, we aimed to decipher the molecular pathways of hydrogel drug delivery systems for skin cancer in this review. Special attention has been paid to the hydrogel systems that deliver drugs to regulate MAPK, PI3K-AKT-mTOR, JAK-STAT and cGAS-STING pathways. These signaling pathways can be molecular drivers of skin cancers and possible potential targets for the further research on treatment of skin cancers.
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18
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Shukla A, Maiti P. Nanomedicine and versatile therapies for cancer treatment. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e163. [PMID: 35992969 PMCID: PMC9386439 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The higher prevalence of cancer is related to high rates of mortality and morbidity worldwide. By virtue of the properties of matter at the nanoscale, nanomedicine is proven to be a powerful tool to develop innovative drug carriers with greater efficacies and fewer side effects than conventional therapies. In this review, different nanocarriers for controlled drug release and their routes of administration have been discussed in detail, especially for cancer treatment. Special emphasis has been given on the design of drug delivery vehicles for sustained release and specific application methods for targeted delivery to the affected areas. Different polymeric vehicles designed for the delivery of chemotherapeutics have been discussed, including graft copolymers, liposomes, hydrogels, dendrimers, micelles, and nanoparticles. Furthermore, the effect of dimensional properties on chemotherapy is vividly described. Another integral section of the review focuses on the modes of administration of nanomedicines and emerging therapies, such as photothermal, photodynamic, immunotherapy, chemodynamic, and gas therapy, for cancer treatment. The properties, therapeutic value, advantages, and limitations of these nanomedicines are highlighted, with a focus on their increased performance versus conventional molecular anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Shukla
- School of Materials Science and Technology Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi India
| | - Pralay Maiti
- School of Materials Science and Technology Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi India
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Double-Network Tough Hydrogels: A Brief Review on Achievements and Challenges. Gels 2022; 8:gels8040247. [PMID: 35448148 PMCID: PMC9030633 DOI: 10.3390/gels8040247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This brief review attempts to summarize research advances in the mechanical toughness and structures of double-network (DN) hydrogels. The focus is to provide a critical and concise discussion on the toughening mechanisms, damage recoverability, stress relaxation, and biomedical applications of tough DN hydrogel systems. Both conventional DN hydrogel with two covalently cross-linked networks and novel DN systems consisting of physical and reversible cross-links are discussed and compared. Covalently cross-linked hydrogels are tough but damage-irreversible. Physically cross-linked hydrogels are damage-recoverable but exhibit mechanical instability, as reflected by stress relaxation tests. This remains one significant challenge to be addressed by future research studies to realize the load-sustaining applications proposed for tough hydrogels. With their special structure and superior mechanical properties, DN hydrogels have great potential for biomedical applications, and many DN systems are now fabricated with 3D printing techniques.
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20
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Tang Y, Wang H, He Q, Chen Y, Wang J. Bioinformatics Method Was Used to Analyze the Highly Expressed Gene FAM83A of Breast Cancer in Young Women. Appl Bionics Biomech 2022; 2022:5358030. [PMID: 35392358 PMCID: PMC8983250 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5358030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Preliminary analysis of breast cancer related to unknown functional gene FAM83A through bioinformatics knowledge to inform further experimental studies. Select high expression genes for breast cancer and use bioinformatics methods to predict the biological function of FAM83A. Methods Genes with significant differences in expression between breast tumors and normal breast tissue libraries were selected from CGAP's SAGE Digital Gene Expression Displayer (DGED) database. An unknown functional gene, FAM83A, which is highly expressed in breast cancer, was screened. We performed an analysis of the gene structure, subcellular localization, physicochemical properties of the encoding products, functional sites, protein structure, and functional domains. Results Through SAGE DGED, a total of 185 genes with expression differences were found. The structure and function of FAM83A have ideal predictions, and it is generally determined that this gene encodes a nuclear protein with a nucleoprotein. The active site of PLDc and the functional domain of DUF1669 can be involved in signal transduction and gene expression regulation in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Digital gene representation of the Tumor Genome Project Data Library was used to select differentially expressed genes in breast cancer tissue and breast benign tumor tissue. Conclusion Studies show that FAM83A is a potential research target associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis. Initial tests confirmed the expression of this gene. Lay a solid foundation for further research learning. FAM83A is a highly expressed gene in breast cancer and can serve as a target for studying molecular mechanisms in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhe Tang
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Teaching Center of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi He
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wang
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Smart Injectable Chitosan Hydrogels Loaded with 5-Fluorouracil for the Treatment of Breast Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030661. [PMID: 35336035 PMCID: PMC8950008 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of breast cancer requires long chemotherapy management, which is accompanied by severe side effects. Localized delivery of anticancer drugs helps to increase the drug concentration at the site of action and overcome such a problem. In the present study, chitosan hydrogel was prepared for local delivery of 5-Fluorouracil. The in vitro release behavior was investigated and the anticancer activity was evaluated against MCF-7 cells using MTT assay. The in vivo studies were investigated via intra-tumoral injection of a 5-FU loaded hydrogel into breast cancer of female rats. The results indicated that the modified hydrogel has excellent physicochemical properties with a sustained in vitro release profile matching a zero-order kinetic for one month. In addition, the hydrogel showed superior inhibition of cell viability compared with the untreated control group. Moreover, the in vivo studies resulted in antitumor activity with minor side effects. The tumor volume and level of tumor markers in blood were inhibited significantly by applying the hydrogel compared with the untreated control group. In conclusion, the designed injectable hydrogels are potential drug delivery systems for the treatment of breast cancer with a controlled drug release profile, which could be suitable for decreasing the side effects of chemotherapy agents.
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Vardaxi A, Kafetzi M, Pispas S. Polymeric Nanostructures Containing Proteins and Peptides for Pharmaceutical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040777. [PMID: 35215689 PMCID: PMC8877994 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last three decades, proteins and peptides have attracted great interest as drugs of choice for combating a broad spectrum of diseases, including diabetes mellitus, cancer, and infectious and neurological diseases. However, the delivery of therapeutic proteins to target sites should take into account the obstacles and limitations related to their intrinsic sensitivity to different environmental conditions, fragile tertiary structures, and short half-life. Polymeric nanostructures have emerged as competent vehicles for protein delivery, as they are multifunctional and can be tailored according to their peculiarities. Thus, the enhanced bioavailability and biocompatibility, the adjustable control of physicochemical features, and the colloidal stability of polymer-based nanostructures further enable either the embedding or conjugation of hydrophobic or hydrophilic bioactive molecules, which are some of the features of paramount importance that they possess and which contribute to their selection as vehicles. The present review aims to discuss the prevalent nanostructures composed of block copolymers from the viewpoint of efficient protein hospitality and administration, as well as the up-to-date scientific publications and anticipated applications of polymeric nanovehicles containing proteins and peptides.
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