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Aldawsari M, Alam A, Imran M. Rutin-Loaded Transethosomal Gel for Topical Application: A Comprehensive Analysis of Skin Permeation and Antimicrobial Efficacy. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:27300-27311. [PMID: 38947795 PMCID: PMC11209886 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
This study conducts a systematic investigation of the creation and optimization of a rutin-loaded transethosome intended for topical use. The formulation's characteristics were thoroughly assessed for vesicle size (160.45 ± 1.98 nm), polydispersity index (0.235 ± 0.067), and zeta potential (-22.89 mV), with an entrapment efficiency and drug loading of 89.99 ± 1.55% and 8.9 ± 2.11%, respectively, and found to have a spherical shape by the use of transmission electron microscopy. The conversion to a gel suitable for application on the skin was carried out. The drug release form Opt-RUT-TE formulation (73.61 ± 2.55%) was significantly higher than that of release form RUT-suspension (34.52 ± 1.19%). The drug that permeated the skin from Opt-RUT-TEG (935.25 ± 10.49 μg/cm2) was significantly higher than the permeability from RUT-Suspension gel (522.57 ± 6.79 μg/cm2). Notably, tape stripping analysis revealed that the Opt-RUT-TE gel effectively penetrated the skin layers, with a higher concentration observed in the epidermis-dermis than in the RUT-suspension gel. The transethosomal gel exhibited favorable characteristics, highlighting its capacity to efficiently permeate the skin and suppress the growth of microorganisms, and Opt-RUT-TEG showed a higher microorganism inhibition zone (Gram-positive bacteria) than that of RUT-suspension gel. The investigation highlights the significant therapeutic possibilities of rutin in a transethosomal gel formulation for treating dermatological diseases by improving skin permeability and exhibiting antibacterial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed
F. Aldawsari
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Imran
- R&D
Executive, Aimil Pharmaceutical, New Delhi 110028, India
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Li S, Yang C, Li J, Zhang C, Zhu L, Song Y, Guo Y, Wang R, Gan D, Shi J, Ma P, Gao F, Su H. Progress in Pluronic F127 Derivatives for Application in Wound Healing and Repair. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4485-4505. [PMID: 37576462 PMCID: PMC10416793 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s418534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluronic F127 hydrogel biomaterial has garnered considerable attention in wound healing and repair due to its remarkable properties including temperature sensitivity, injectability, biodegradability, and maintain a moist wound environment. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth exploration of the recent advancements in Pluronic F127-derived hydrogels, such as F127-CHO, F127-NH2, and F127-DA, focusing on their applications in the treatment of various types of wounds, ranging from burns and acute wounds to infected wounds, diabetic wounds, cutaneous tumor wounds, and uterine scars. Furthermore, the review meticulously examines the intricate interaction mechanisms employed by these hydrogels within the wound microenvironment. By elucidating the underlying mechanisms, discussing the strengths and weaknesses of Pluronic F127, analyzing the current state of wound healing development, and expanding on the trend of targeting mitochondria and cells with F127 as a nanomaterial. The review enhances our understanding of the therapeutic effects of these hydrogels aims to foster the development of effective and safe wound-healing modalities. The valuable insights provided this review have the potential to inspire novel ideas for clinical treatment and facilitate the advancement of innovative wound management approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junqiang Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liaoliao Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongdong Guo
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ronglin Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongxue Gan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjie Shi
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peixiang Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Gao
- Center for Peptide Functional Materials and Innovative Drugs, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, ShangHai City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haichuan Su
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an City, People’s Republic of China
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Development and Optimization of Erythromycin Loaded Transethosomes Cinnamon Oil Based Emulgel for Antimicrobial Efficiency. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020137. [PMID: 36826307 PMCID: PMC9956959 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythromycin (EM) is a macrolide antibiotic that is frequently used to treat skin bacterial infections. It has a short half-life (1-1.5 h), instability in stomach pH, and a low oral bioavailability. These foregoing factors limit its oral application; therefore, the development of topical formulations loaded with erythromycin is an essential point to maximize the drug's concentration at the skin. Accordingly, the current study's goal was to boost the antimicrobial activity of EM by utilizing the advantages of natural oils such as cinnamon oil. Erythromycin-loaded transethosomes (EM-TE) were generated and optimized using a Box-Behnken design employing, phospholipid concentration (A), surfactant concentration (B), and ethanol content (C) as independent variables. Their effects on entrapment efficiency, EE, (Y1) and the total amount of erythromycin that penetrated the skin after 6 h, Q6h (Y2), were assessed. The optimized transethosome showed a particle size of 256.2 nm, EE of 67.96 ± 0.59%, and Q6h of 665.96 ± 5.87 (µg/cm2) after 6 h. The TEM analysis revealed that, the vesicles are well-known packed structures with a spherical shape. The optimized transethosomes formulation was further transformed into a cinnamon oil-based emulgel system using HPMC as a gelling agent. The generated EM-TE-emulgel was characterized by its physical features, in vitro, ex vivo studies, and antimicrobial activities. The formulation showed sufficient characteristics for effective topical application, and demonstrated a great stability. Additionally, EM-TE-Emulgel had the highest transdermal flux (120.19 μg/cm2·h), and showed considerably (p < 0.05) greater antimicrobial activity, than EM-TE-gel and placebo TE-Emulgel. The action of EM was subsequently augmented with cinnamon oil, which eventually showed a notable effect against bacterial growth. Finally, these results demonstrate that the transethosomes-loaded cinnamon oil-based emulgel is an alternative way to deliver erythromycin for the treatment of topical bacterial infections.
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Mandras N, Luganini A, Argenziano M, Roana J, Giribaldi G, Tullio V, Cavallo L, Prato M, Cavalli R, Cuffini AM, Allizond V, Banche G. Design, Characterization, and Biological Activities of Erythromycin-Loaded Nanodroplets to Counteract Infected Chronic Wounds Due to Streptococcus pyogenes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031865. [PMID: 36768189 PMCID: PMC9915227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes causes a wide spectrum of diseases varying from mild to life threatening, despite antibiotic treatment. Nanoparticle application could facilitate the foreign pathogen fight by increasing the antimicrobial effectiveness and reducing their adverse effects. Here, we designed and produced erythromycin-loaded chitosan nanodroplets (Ery-NDs), both oxygen-free and oxygen-loaded. All ND formulations were characterized for physico-chemical parameters, drug release kinetics, and tested for biocompatibility with human keratinocytes and for their antibacterial properties or interactions with S. pyogenes. All tested NDs possessed spherical shape, small average diameter, and positive Z potential. A prolonged Ery release kinetic from Ery-NDs was demonstrated, as well as a favorable biocompatibility on human keratinocytes. Confocal microscopy images showed ND uptake and internalization by S. pyogenes starting from 3 h of incubation up to 24 h. According to cell counts, NDs displayed long-term antimicrobial efficacy against streptococci significantly counteracting their proliferation up to 24 h, thanks to the known chitosan antimicrobial properties. Intriguingly, Ery-NDs were generally more effective (104-103 log10 CFU/mL), than free-erythromycin (105 log10 CFU/mL), in the direct killing of streptococci, probably due to Ery-NDs adsorption by bacteria and prolonged release kinetics of erythromycin inside S. pyogenes cells. Based on these findings, NDs and proper Ery-NDs appear to be the most promising and skin-friendly approaches for the topical treatment of streptococcal skin infections allowing wound healing during hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narcisa Mandras
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Luganini
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Monica Argenziano
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (V.A.); Tel.: +39-011-670-7163 (M.A.); +39-011-670-5644 (V.A.)
| | - Janira Roana
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Vivian Tullio
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenza Cavallo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Prato
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Cuffini
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Allizond
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (V.A.); Tel.: +39-011-670-7163 (M.A.); +39-011-670-5644 (V.A.)
| | - Giuliana Banche
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
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Cod liver oil nano-structured lipid carriers (Cod-NLCs) as a promising platform for nose to brain delivery: Preparation, in vitro optimization, ex vivo cytotoxicity & in vivo biodistribution utilizing radioiodinated zopiclone. Int J Pharm X 2023; 5:100160. [PMID: 36647457 PMCID: PMC9840360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2023.100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-structured lipid carriers containing zopiclone were prepared as a targeted drug delivery system to convey zopiclone directly to brain via nasal route. Nano-structured lipid carriers were constructed adopting hot emulsification-ultrasonication method using palmitic acid in place of the solid lipid, cod liver oil as liquid lipid, and poloxamer 407 as a surfactant. A three-factor three-level central composite face-centered design was used to optimize the formulated nano-structured lipid carriers. The independent factors were lipid amount (X1), surfactant amount (X2), and sonication time (X3). The examined responses were entrapment efficiency (EE,Y1,%), particle size (PS,Y2,nm), zeta potential(mV), polydispersity index(PDI,Y3), in vitro release(Q8h,Y4,%) and dissolution efficiency (DE,Y5,%). The optimum formula showed high entrapment efficiency of 94.31% ± 2.44, in vitro drug release of 83.89% ± 1.77 with dissolution efficiency equals 88.63% ± 2.01, small particle size of 71.27 nm ± 13.57 and low polydispersity index 0.097 ± 0.15. In vivo biodistribution in mice was evaluated by a radiobiological technique using radioiodinated zopiclone([131I]iodo-ZP). Results revealed the superiority of the intranasal route to deliver zopiclone directly to brain faster and higher brain uptake (6.9 ± 1.02%ID/g at 5 min post-administration). The current study confirmed that intranasal administration of nano-structured lipid carriers had great potential as an effective tool for targeted brain zopiclone delivery for insomnia treatment.
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Das B, Nayak AK, Mallick S. Lipid-based nanocarriers for ocular drug delivery: An updated review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Eudragit® L100/Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanoparticles Impregnated Mucoadhesive Films as Ocular Inserts for Controlled Delivery of Erythromycin: Development, Characterization and In Vivo Evaluation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081917. [PMID: 36009463 PMCID: PMC9405482 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The fast elimination of drugs from the cornea is one of many challenges associated with the topical administration of conventional dosage forms. The present manuscript aimed to prepare modified-release inserts containing erythromycin (ERY) to enhance drug delivery and address the aforementioned limitation. Film formulations were developed using Eudragit® L100 (EUD) and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) polymers. ERY-loaded EUD-based nanoparticles were developed by the colloidal dispersion method using PVA as the emulsifier. The film-casting method was applied to form the mucoadhesive films using sodium alginate, gelatin, cyclodextrin-α, and β as polymeric film matrices. Different physicochemical properties of the optimized formulations and in vitro release profiles were evaluated. The in vivo evaluation was performed by collecting tear samples of rabbits using a novel, non-invasive method following the administration of inserts in the cul-de-sac. The ERY amount was assayed using a microbiological assay. The developed films showed prolonged in vitro and in vivo release profiles over five to six days; they had suitable physicochemical properties and a tensile strength of 2–3 MPa. All formulations exhibited antibacterial efficacy against E. coli and S. aureus with more than 20 mm diameter of inhibited growth zones. None of the formulations caused irritation to the rabbit’s eye. The inserts showed promising pharmacokinetics with AUC0–120 of 30,000–36,000 µg·h/mL, a Cmax of more than 1800 µg/mL at 4 h, and maintained drug concentration over the threshold of 5 µg/mL during the following 120 h of study. Nanoparticle-containing, mucoadhesive films could be fabricated as ocular inserts and can prolong the topical ocular delivery of ERY.
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Design and development of novel formulation of Aloe Vera nanoemulsion gel contained erythromycin for topical antibacterial therapy: In vitro and in vivo assessment. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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