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Yan X, Li Y, Wu Z, Li Y, Wen X, Li X, He R, Yang C, Zhao Y, Cheng M, Zhang P, Sam EK, Rong T, He J, Tang Q. Analysis of the genitor origin of an intergeneric hybrid clone between Zea and Tripsacum for forage production by McGISH. BREEDING SCIENCE 2020; 70:241-245. [PMID: 32523406 PMCID: PMC7272247 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.19107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the chromosome number and composition of a novel perennial forage crop, 'Yucao No. 6' (Yu6), was revealed by chromosome spread and McGISH (multicolor genomic in situ hybridization) techniques to clarify its genitor origin. Cytogenetic analysis showed that Yu6, which has 56 chromosomes, is an aneuploid representing 12, 17 and 27 chromosomes from Zea mays ssp. mays L. (Zm, 2n = 2x = 20), Tripsacum dactyloides L. (Td, 2n = 4x = 72), and Z. perennis (Hitchc.) Reeves & Mangelsd. (Zp, 2n = 4x = 40), respectively. This finding indicates that Yu6 is the product of a reduced egg (n = 36 = 12Zm + 17Td + 7Zp) of MTP (a near-allohexaploid hybrid, 2n = 74 = 20Zm + 34Td + 20Zp) fertilized by a haploid sperm nucleus (n = 20Zp) of Z. perennis. Moreover, 3 translocated chromosomes consisting of the maize-genome chromosome with the segment of Z. perennis were observed. These results suggest that it is practical to develop perennial forage maize by remodeling the chromosomal architecture of MTP offspring with Z. perennis as a pollen parent. Finally, the overview of forage breeding in the Zea and Tripsacum genera was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yan
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
- Animal Husbandry Research Center & Sericulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 52 Hezhong Street Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, China P.R.
| | - Yingzheng Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Zizhou Wu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Yang Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Ruyu He
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
- Guizhou Prataculture Institute, No. 1 Jinnong Road Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550006, China P.R.
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Mingjun Cheng
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
- Sichuan Grass Industry Technology Research and Promotion Center, No. 4 Wuhouci Street, Chengdu, 610041, China P.R.
| | - Ping Zhang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Ebenezer Kofi Sam
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Tingzhao Rong
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Jianmei He
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Qilin Tang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
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Mandáková T, Zozomová-Lihová J, Kudoh H, Zhao Y, Lysak MA, Marhold K. The story of promiscuous crucifers: origin and genome evolution of an invasive species, Cardamine occulta (Brassicaceae), and its relatives. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2019; 124:209-220. [PMID: 30868165 PMCID: PMC6758578 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cardamine occulta (Brassicaceae) is an octoploid weedy species (2n = 8x = 64) originated in Eastern Asia. It has been introduced to other continents including Europe and considered to be an invasive species. Despite its wide distribution, the polyploid origin of C. occulta remained unexplored. The feasibility of comparative chromosome painting (CCP) in crucifers allowed us to elucidate the origin and genome evolution in Cardamine species. We aimed to investigate the genome structure of C. occulta in comparison with its tetraploid (2n = 4x = 32, C. kokaiensis and C. scutata) and octoploid (2n = 8x = 64, C. dentipetala) relatives. METHODS Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and large-scale CCP were applied to uncover the parental genomes and chromosome composition of the investigated Cardamine species. KEY RESULTS All investigated species descended from a common ancestral Cardamine genome (n = 8), structurally resembling the Ancestral Crucifer Karyotype (n = 8), but differentiated by a translocation between chromosomes AK6 and AK8. Allotetraploid C. scutata originated by hybridization between two diploid species, C. parviflora and C. amara (2n = 2x = 16). By contrast, C. kokaiensis has an autotetraploid origin from a parental genome related to C. parviflora. Interestingly, octoploid C. occulta probably originated through hybridization between the tetraploids C. scutata and C. kokaiensis. The octoploid genome of C. dentipetala probably originated from C. scutata via autopolyploidization. Except for five species-specific centromere repositionings and one pericentric inversion post-dating the polyploidization events, the parental subgenomes remained stable in the tetra- and octoploids. CONCLUSIONS Comparative genome structure, origin and evolutionary history was reconstructed in C. occulta and related species. For the first time, whole-genome cytogenomic maps were established for octoploid plants. Post-polyploid evolution in Asian Cardamine polyploids has not been associated with descending dysploidy and intergenomic rearrangements. The combination of different parental (sub)genomes adapted to distinct habitats provides an evolutionary advantage to newly formed polyploids by occupying new ecological niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terezie Mandáková
- Plant Cytogenomics research group, CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, and Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice, Czech Republic
| | - Judita Zozomová-Lihová
- Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Hiroshi Kudoh
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Hirano, Japan
| | - Yunpeng Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity, Institute of Ecology and Conservation Centre for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Martin A Lysak
- Plant Cytogenomics research group, CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, and Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice, Czech Republic
| | - Karol Marhold
- Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Marques A, Moraes L, Aparecida Dos Santos M, Costa I, Costa L, Nunes T, Melo N, Simon MF, Leitch AR, Almeida C, Souza G. Origin and parental genome characterization of the allotetraploid Stylosanthes scabra Vogel (Papilionoideae, Leguminosae), an important legume pasture crop. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 122:1143-1159. [PMID: 29982475 PMCID: PMC6324754 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS The genus Stylosanthes includes nitrogen-fixing and drought-tolerant species of considerable economic importance for perennial pasture, green manure and land recovery. Stylosanthes scabra is adapted to variable soil conditions, being cultivated to improve pastures and soils worldwide. Previous studies have proposed S. scabra as an allotetraploid species (2n = 40) with a putative diploid A genome progenitor S. hamata or S. seabrana (2n = 20) and the B genome progenitor S. viscosa (2n = 20). We aimed to provide conclusive evidence for the origin of S. scabra. METHODS We performed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) experiments and Illumina paired-end sequencing of S. scabra, S. hamata and S. viscosa genomic DNA, to assemble and compare complete ribosomal DNA (rDNA) units and chloroplast genomes. Plastome- and genome-wide single nucleotide variation detection was also performed. KEY RESULTS GISH and phylogenetic analyses of plastid DNA and rDNA sequences support that S. scabra is an allotetraploid formed from 0.63 to 0.52 million years ago (Mya), from progenitors with a similar genome structure to the maternal donor S. hamata and the paternal donor S. viscosa. FISH revealed a non-additive number of 35S rDNA sites in S. scabra compared with its progenitors, indicating the loss of one locus from A genome origin. In S. scabra, most 5S rDNA units were similar to S. viscosa, while one 5S rDNA site of reduced size most probably came from an A genome species as revealed by GISH and in silico analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our approach combined whole-plastome and rDNA assembly with additional cytogenetic analysis to shed light successfully on the allotetraploid origin of S. scabra. We propose a Middle Pleistocene origin for S. scabra involving species with maternal A and paternal B genomes. Our data also suggest that variation found in rDNA units in S. scabra and its progenitors reveals differences that can be explained by homogenization, deletion and amplification processes that have occurred since its origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Marques
- Laboratory of Genetic Resources, Federal University of Alagoas, Arapiraca, AL, Brazil
| | - Lívia Moraes
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Iara Costa
- Laboratory of Genetic Resources, Federal University of Alagoas, Arapiraca, AL, Brazil
| | - Lucas Costa
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Tomáz Nunes
- Laboratory of Genetic Resources, Federal University of Alagoas, Arapiraca, AL, Brazil
| | - Natoniel Melo
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Embrapa Semi-arid, Petrolina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cicero Almeida
- Laboratory of Genetic Resources, Federal University of Alagoas, Arapiraca, AL, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Souza
- Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Giorgi D, Pandozy G, Farina A, Grosso V, Lucretti S, Gennaro A, Crinò P, Saccardo F. First detailed karyo-morphological analysis and molecular cytological study of leafy cardoon and globe artichoke, two multi-use Asteraceae crops. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2016; 10:447-463. [PMID: 27830052 PMCID: PMC5088355 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v10i3.9469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally globe artichoke and leafy cardoon have been cultivated for use as vegetables but these crops are now finding multiple new roles in applications ranging from paper production to cheese preparation and biofuel use, with interest in their functional food potential. So far, their chromosome complements have been poorly investigated and a well-defined karyotype was not available. In this paper, a detailed karyo-morphological analysis and molecular cytogenetic studies were conducted on globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus Linnaeus, 1753 var. scolymus Fiori, 1904) and leafy cardoon (Cynara cardunculus Linneaus, 1753 var. altilis De Candolle, 1838). Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization In Suspension (FISHIS) was applied to nuclei suspensions as a fast method for screening of labelling probes, before metaphase spread hybridization. Classic Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) on slide, using repetitive telomeric and ribosomal sequences and Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) oligonucleotide as probes, identified homologous chromosome relationships and allowed development of molecular karyotypes for both varieties. The close phylogenetic relationship between globe artichoke and cardoon was supported by the very similar karyotypes but clear chromosomal structural variation was detected. In the light of the recent release of the globe artichoke genome sequencing, these results are relevant for future anchoring of the pseudomolecule sequence assemblies to specific chromosomes. In addition, the DNA content of the two crops has been determined by flow cytometry and a fast method for standard FISH on slide and methodological improvements for nuclei isolation are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Giorgi
- ENEA R. C. Casaccia, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Biotechnologies and Agro-industry Division, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Roma, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Pandozy
- ENEA R. C. Casaccia, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Biotechnologies and Agro-industry Division, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Roma, Italy
| | - Anna Farina
- ENEA R. C. Casaccia, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Biotechnologies and Agro-industry Division, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Roma, Italy
| | - Valentina Grosso
- Tuscia University, Department of Agriculture, Forests, Nature and Energy (DAFNE), Via S.C. de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Sergio Lucretti
- ENEA R. C. Casaccia, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Biotechnologies and Agro-industry Division, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Gennaro
- European Food Safety Authority, GMO Unit, Via Carlo Magno 1A 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Crinò
- ENEA R. C. Casaccia, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Biotechnologies and Agro-industry Division, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Saccardo
- Tuscia University, Department of Agriculture, Forests, Nature and Energy (DAFNE), Via S.C. de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
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Carmona A, Friero E, de Bustos A, Jouve N, Cuadrado A. The evolutionary history of sea barley (Hordeum marinum) revealed by comparative physical mapping of repetitive DNA. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2013; 112:1845-55. [PMID: 24197750 PMCID: PMC3838566 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mct245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hordeum marinum is a species complex that includes the diploid subspecies marinum and both diploid and tetraploid forms of gussoneanum. Their relationships, the rank of the taxa and the origin of the polyploid forms remain points of debate. The present work reports a comparative karyotype analysis of six H. marinum accessions representing all taxa and cytotypes. METHODS Karyotypes were determined by analysing the chromosomal distribution of several tandemly repeated sequences, including the Triticeae cloned probes pTa71, pTa794, pAs1 and pSc119·2 and the simple sequence repeats (SSRs) (AG)10, (AAC)5, (AAG)5, (ACT)5 and (ATC)5. KEY RESULTS The identification of each chromosome pair in all subspecies and cytotypes is reported for the first time. Homologous relationships are also established. Wide karyotypic differences were detected within marinum accessions. Specific chromosomal markers characterized and differentiated the genomes of marinum and diploid gussoneanum. Two subgenomes were detected in the tetraploids. One of these had the same chromosome complement as diploid gussoneanum; the second subgenome, although similar to the chromosome complement of diploid H. marinum sensu lato, appeared to have no counterpart in the marinum accessions analysed here. CONCLUSIONS The tetraploid forms of gussoneanum appear to have come about through a cross between a diploid gussoneanum progenitor and a second, related-but unidentified-diploid ancestor. The results reveal the genome structure of the different H. marinum taxa and demonstrate the allopolyploid origin of the tetraploid forms of gussoneanum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Angeles Cuadrado
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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