The Association between ABCB1 C1236T/C3435T SNPs and H. pylori Infection among Jordanians

Effect of MDR1 C3435T and CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms on the outcome of Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment in children with gastritis and peptic ulcer, Vietnam

BACKGROUND

Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy based on antimicrobial susceptibility in Vietnamese children currently get low efficiency. There are causes of treatment failure, among host genetic factors namely MDR1 C3435T and CYP2C19 affect the absorption and metabolism of proton pump inhibitors - a crucial component of eradication therapy. The study aimed to investigate the effect of MDR1 C3435T and CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms on the cure rate.

METHODS

207 pediatric patients with gastritis and peptic ulcer infecting Helicobacter pylori completed the eradication therapy based on antimicrobial susceptibility with proton pump inhibitor esomeprazole. Eradication efficacy was assessed after at least 4 weeks by the urease breath test. MDR1 C3435T genetic polymorphism and CYP2C19 genotype were determined using a sequencing method based on Sanger's principle.

RESULTS

Among 207 children recruited in this study, the ratio of CYP2C19 EM, IM, and PM phenotypes was 40.1%, 46.4%, and 16.9%, respectively. The patient with MDR1 3435 C/C polymorphism accounted for 43.0%, MDR1 3435 C/T was 40.1%, and MDR1 3435T/T was 16.9%. The cure rate of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with CYP2C19 EM genotype was 78.3%; 83.3% of those with the IM genotype, and PM genotype was 96,4% (p = 0.07). Successful eradication rates for Helicobacter pylori were 85.4%, 86.7%, and 68.6% in patients with the MDR1 3435 C/C, C/T, and T/T, respectively (p = 0.02). Multiple logistic regression analysis found that MDR1 C3435T genetic polymorphisms of patients were significant independent risk factors for treatment failure, and CYP2C19 genotype did not affect Helicobacter pylori eradication.

CONCLUSIONS

The Helicobacter pylori eradication rates by regimens based on antibiotic susceptibility and esomeprazole were not significantly different between the CYP2C19 phenotypes. The MDR1 C3435T polymorphism is one of the factors impacting Helicobacter pylori eradication results in children.

Retrospective Analysis of the Risk Factors of Perioperative Bacterial Infection and Correlation with Clinical Prognosis in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Background

Infection remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant patients. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of bacterial infection during the perioperative period of transplantation and the effects of infection on long-term clinical outcomes.

Methods

In total, 295 kidney transplantation recipients were included in this retrospective study and assigned to two groups: non-infected and infected. The tacrolimus concentration, pharmacogenomics, laboratory parameters, and clinical outcomes of both groups were evaluated.

Results

A relatively low incidence of urinary tract infection was observed in our cohort, and lung was identified as the most frequent site of infection. Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, were the most common infecting strains in kidney transplant recipients. Patients with diabetes showed greater susceptibility to infection. Compared with the non-infected group, tacrolimus concentration was significantly lower on day 7 and 14 in the infected group. White blood cell count, neutrophil count, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the infected group were markedly higher post-transplantation, while albumin levels were lower relative to the non-infected group. ABCB1 (rs2032582) genotype showed clear associations with infection. Furthermore, the incidence of delayed graft function (DGF) and early acute rejection (AR) before infection was significantly greater in the infected group. Finally, early post-transplant infection was associated with a marked increase in the incidence of AR, post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM), and secondary infection.

Conclusion

Pre-diabetes, longer duration of catheterization, lower albumin, higher CRP, tacrolimus concentration on the day 7 and 14, early AR before infection, and DGF were closely related to postoperative infection in kidney transplantation recipients. Moreover, bacterial infection during the perioperative period was closely associated with AR, PTDM and secondary infection.

Emerging Trends in Deciphering the Pathogenesis of Human Diseases through Genetic Analysis

Any changes in gene expression or protein functions can cause abnormal anatomical, physiological, biochemical, and behavioral modifications in human beings, which can lead to disease [...].

The Influence of IL-1B Gene Polymorphisms on H. pylori Infection and Triple Treatment Response Among Jordanian Population

Background

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is considered the main cause of gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric carcinoma in the human populations. H. pylori infection influences the secretion level of several proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, which encoded by the IL-1B gene.

Objective

The current study aimed to investigate whether IL-1B gene polymorphisms are associated with H. pylori infection among the Jordanian population and responses to triple therapy.

Subjects and Methods

The gastroscopic examination was performed on 412 subjects for H. pylori infection diagnosis, 257 subjects were found to be infected by H. Pylori (positive cases), whereas 155 subjects were uninfected (negative controls). The IL-1B gene T-31C and C3954T polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR-RFLP.

Results

It was found that the T-31C polymorphism has a significant association with H. pylori infection (P<0.05), and the TT genotype frequency was significantly higher in infected subjects (50.2%) compared to controls (38.7%). On the other hand, no significant association was detected between C3954T SNPs and H. pylori infection among the Jordanian population. In addition, none of the examined polymorphisms were found to influence the responses to triple therapy.

Conclusion

The IL-1B gene T-31C SNP might be associated with an enhanced risk of H. pylori infection among the Jordanian population.