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Alzaim M, Ansari MGA, Al-Masri AA, Khattak MNK, Alamro A, Alghamdi A, Alenad A, Alokail M, Al-Attas OS, Al-Zahrani AG, Al-Daghri NM. Association of VDR gene variant rs2228570- FokI with gestational diabetes mellitus susceptibility in Arab women. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32048. [PMID: 38882352 PMCID: PMC11177144 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been linked with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene variants have been associated with diabetes mellitus susceptibility and related complications. This study assessed the association between VDR gene polymorphism (rs2228570) and GDM risk among pregnant Arab women. A total of 368 pregnant Saudi women who were screened for GDM at 24-28 weeks of gestation and genotyped for the VDR gene variant (rs2228570) were included in this cross-sectional study. Circulatory insulin levels, fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and vitamin D (25(OH)D) were measured. There were 108 women with GDM and 260 women without GDM. The genotype frequency of women with GDM was CC 60.2 %, CT 33.3 %, TT 6.9 %, and CT + TT 39.8 %; for non-GDM women, were CC 61.1 %, CT 31.5 %, TT 6.9 %, and CT + TT 38.4 %. No association was found between the VDR gene variant (rs2228570-FokI) and GDM susceptibility after adjustment for covariates. Serum 25(OH)D had a significant inverse association with FBG (r = -0.49, p = 0.01) and HbA1c (r = -0.45, p = 0.03) among carriers of the TT-genotype. Furthermore, a significant inverse correlation was observed between serum 25(OH)D and HOMA-β (r = -0.20, p = 0.035) in individuals with the T-allele. Among pregnant Saudi women, glycemic indices appear to be influenced by vitamin D, suggesting a possible role it may play in mitigating the metabolic changes associated with GDM, particularly among individuals with specific genetic backgrounds. In our study population, rs2228570-FokI did not appear to be a significant contributor to GDM risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa Alzaim
- Nutrition Department School of Public Health & Health Sciences. University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Mohammed G A Ansari
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A Al-Masri
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak N K Khattak
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abir Alamro
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani Alghamdi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alenad
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Alokail
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar S Al-Attas
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad G Al-Zahrani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser M Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Geng Y, Shao R, Xu T, Zhang L. Identification of a potential signature to predict the risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Gene 2024; 894:147942. [PMID: 37935322 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is related to the elevated risk of fracture in postmenopausal women. Thus, to effectively predict the occurrence of PMOP, we explored a novel gene signature for the prediction of PMOP risk. METHODS The WGCNA analysis was conducted to identify the PMOP-related gene modules based on the data from GEO database (GSE56116 and GSE100609). The "limma" R package was applied for screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on the data from GSE100609 dataset. Next, LASSO Cox algorithm were applied to identify valuable PMOP-related risk genes and construct a risk score model. GSEA was then conducted to analyze potential signaling pathways between high-risk (HR) score and low-risk (LR) score groups. RESULTS A novel risk model with five PMOP-related risk genes (SCUBE3, TNNC1, SPON1, SEPT12 and ULBP1) was developed for predicting PMOP risk status. RT-qPCR and western blot assays validated that compared to postmenopausal non-osteoporosis (non-PMOP) patients, SCUBE3, ULBP1, SEPT12 levels were obviously elevated, and TNNC1 and SPON1 levels were reduced in blood samples from PMOP patients. Additionally, PMOP-related pathways such as MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and HIF-1 signaling pathway were significantly activated in the HR-score group compared to the LR-score group. The circRNA-gene-miRNA and gene-transcription factor networks showed that 533 miRNAs, 13 circRNAs and 40 TFs might be involved in regulating the expression level of these five PMOP-related genes. CONCLUSION Collectively, we developed a PMOP-related gene signature based on SCUBE3, TNNC1, SPON1, SEPT12 and ULBP1 genes, and higher risk score indicated higher risk suffering from PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Geng
- Department of the Sixth Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300122, China
| | - Rui Shao
- Department of the Sixth Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300122, China
| | - Tiantong Xu
- Department of the Sixth Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300122, China
| | - Lilong Zhang
- Department of the Sixth Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300122, China.
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Przerwa F, Uzar I, Bogacz A, Kotrych K, Sulikowski T, Wolek M, Kamiński A, Ziętek P, Czerny B. Osteoprotegerin Gene as a Biomarker in the Development of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3218. [PMID: 38137439 PMCID: PMC10740651 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a multifactorial and polygenic disease caused by an imbalance between osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis, leading to a decrease in bone mineral density and the occurrence of disorders in the microarchitecture and metabolism of bone tissue. In postmenopausal women, there is a significant decrease in the production of estrogens, which play a key role in maintaining proper bone mineral density. Estrogens have an inhibitory effect on the development and activity of osteoclasts by reducing the synthesis of pro-resorption cytokines and stimulating the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG). Osteoprotegerin is a cytokine that prevents bone loss by inhibiting the process of osteoclastogenesis, reducing bone resorption. The aim of our study was to determine the influence of the rs3102735 (-163A>G), rs3134070 (-245T>G), rs207361 (-950T>C), rs7844539 (6890A>C), and rs2073618 (1181G>C) polymorphisms of the OPG gene on the risk of osteoporosis and osteopenia in postmenopausal Polish women. The study included 802 unrelated women (osteoporosis: n = 317, osteopenia: n = 110, controls: n = 375) at postmenopausal age (54.7 ± 8.6 years). Genetic analysis was performed using real-time PCR. BMD values as well as clinical and bone parameters with the tested polymorphisms were analyzed among the study population. Analysis of the PPARG rs1801282 variants did not show any association with the risk of osteoporosis and osteopenia. However, for the OPG rs207361 polymorphism, we observed a statistically significant association with the risk of osteoporosis, suggesting that the OPG rs207361 variant may be one of the genetic markers associated with the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Przerwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-230 Szczecin, Poland; (F.P.); (I.U.); (B.C.)
| | - Izabela Uzar
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-230 Szczecin, Poland; (F.P.); (I.U.); (B.C.)
| | - Anna Bogacz
- Department of Personalized Medicine and Cell Therapy, Regional Blood Center, Marcelińska 44, 60-354 Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kotrych
- Department of General and Dental Radiology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, al. Powstańców Wielkopolskch 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Tadeusz Sulikowski
- General, Mini-Invasive and Gastroenterogical Surgery Clinic, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Marlena Wolek
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Kolejowa 2, 62-064 Plewiska, Poland;
| | - Adam Kamiński
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 1, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Paweł Ziętek
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Orthopaedic Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Bogusław Czerny
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-230 Szczecin, Poland; (F.P.); (I.U.); (B.C.)
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Kolejowa 2, 62-064 Plewiska, Poland;
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M D, Kumar J, Ramalingam K. Effectiveness of Orthopantomograms as a Screening Tool for Osteoporosis: A Case-Control Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e45702. [PMID: 37868467 PMCID: PMC10590166 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoporosis is a disease that is characterised by low bone mineral density (BMD), and loss of structural and biomechanical properties that are essential in maintaining bone homeostasis. Osteoporosis is diagnosed by clinical measurement of BMD and is the best predictor of osteoporosis. The study was conducted with the aim of assessing the effectiveness of orthopantomogram (OPG) as a screening tool for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and chronic drug users. Objectives The primary objective of the current study was to assess the mandibular cortical width and antegonial index in postmenopausal women and chronic drug users, the secondary objective was to compare the mandibular cortical width and antegonial index of postmenopausal women and chronic drug users with that of the control group (healthy individual). Methods Three groups were taken in this study with a sample size of 300 with 100 OPG in each group. The groups categorised in the study were postmenopausal women, patients under drugs (glucocorticoids, proton pump inhibitor, anti-epileptic drugs, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) and the control group and the parameters assessed were antegonial index and mandibular cortical width. Results Results were tabulated and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, IBM Corp., Version 26.0, Armonk, NY). The normality tests Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilks test results reveal that the variables (both indices) follow the normal distribution. The mandibular cortical width was 3.44, 2.66 and 2.96 in the normal, postmenopausal women and women on drugs respectively. The antegonial index was 163.5, 157.2 and 158.8 in the normal, postmenopausal women and women on drugs respectively. Conclusion From the above results, it is evident that there is a statistically significant reduction in antegonial index and mandibular cortical width in postmenopausal women compared to normal individuals. Alterations of this value are suggestive that early pre-clinical changes of osteoporosis can be detected in the high-risk group using OPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya M
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, IND
| | - Jayanth Kumar
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, IND
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Sayed SZ, Abd El-Hafez AH, Abu El-Ela MA, Mourad MAF, Mousa SO. OPG/RANK/RANKL axis relation to cardiac iron-overload in children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12568. [PMID: 37532711 PMCID: PMC10397306 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39596-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OPG/RANK/RANKL axis was reportedly involved in initiating various diseases, especially bone and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to assess the relationship between some OPG, RANK, and RANKL polymorphisms and alleles and iron-overload-induced cardiomyopathy in children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT). This study included 80 TDT children and 80 age and sex-matched controls. Real-time PCR was done for rs207318 polymorphism for the OPG gene and rs1805034, rs1245811, and rs75404003 polymorphisms for the RANK gene, and rs9594782 and rs2277438 polymorphisms for the RANKL gene. Cardiac T2* MRI and ejection fraction (EF) were done to assess the myocardial iron status and cardiac function. In this study, there were no significant differences in frequencies of the studied polymorphisms between cases and controls (p > 0.05 in all). In TDT children, OPG rs2073618 (G > C) had a significant relation to myocardial iron overload (p = 0.02). Its C allele had significantly more frequent normal EF than its G allele (p = 0.04). RANK rs75404403 (C > DEL) had a significant relation to cardiac dysfunction (p = 0.02). Moreover, the C allele of that gene had significantly more frequent affected EF than its DEL allele (p = 0.02). The A allele of RANKL rs2277438 (G > A) had significantly less frequent severe cardiac iron overload than the G allele (p = 0.04). In conclusion, the OPG/ RANK/RANKL genes may act as genetic markers for iron-induced cardiomyopathy in TDT children. Some of the studied genes' polymorphisms and alleles were significantly related to myocardial iron overload and cardiac dysfunction in TDT children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Zein Sayed
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El Minya, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Suzan Omar Mousa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El Minya, Egypt.
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Wang J, Qiao Q, Sun Y, Yu W, Wang J, Zhu M, Yang K, Huang X, Bai Y. Osteogenic Differentiation Effect of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem-Cell Initial Cell Density on Autologous Cells and Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087133. [PMID: 37108296 PMCID: PMC10138982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have differentiation and regulation functions. Here, we discussed the impact of cell culture density on stem cell proliferation, osteoblastogenesis, and regulation. To discuss the effect of the initial culture density of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) on the osteogenic differentiation of autologous cells, we found that the hPDLSC proliferation rate decreased with an increase in the initial plating density (0.5-8 × 104 cells/cm2) for the 48 h culture cycle. After hPDLSCs induced osteogenic differentiation for 14 days with different initial cell culture densities, the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and runt-related transcription factor 2(RUNX2) and the OPG/ Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κ B Ligand (RANKL) ratio were the highest in the hPDLSCs initially plated at a density of 2 × 104 cells/cm2, and the average cell calcium concentration was also the highest. To study hPDLSCs regulating the osteoblastic differentiation of other cells, we used 50 μg/mL of secreted exosomes derived from hPDLSCs cultured using different initial cell densities to induce human bone marrow stromal cell (hBMSC) osteogenesis. After 14 days, the results indicated that the gene expression of OPG, Osteocalcin(OCN,)RUNX2, and osterix and the OPG/RANKL ratio were the highest in the 2 × 104 cells/cm2 initial cell density group, and the average calcium concentration was also the highest. This provides a new idea for the clinical application of stem cell osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qingchen Qiao
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yaxi Sun
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wenting Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiran Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Minjia Zhu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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Genetic Variants of HNF4A, WFS1, DUSP9, FTO, and ZFAND6 Genes Are Associated with Prediabetes Susceptibility and Inflammatory Markers in the Saudi Arabian Population. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030536. [PMID: 36980809 PMCID: PMC10048403 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes is a reversible, intermediate stage of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Lifestyle changes that include healthy diet and exercise can substantially reduce progression to T2DM. The present study explored the association of 37 T2DM- and obesity-linked single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with prediabetes risk in a homogenous Saudi Arabian population. A total of 1129 Saudi adults [332 with prediabetes (29%) and 797 normoglycemic controls] were randomly selected and genotyped using the KASPar SNP genotyping method. Anthropometric and various serological parameters were measured following standard procedures. Heterozygous GA of HNF4A-rs4812829 (0.64; 95% CI 0.47–0.86; p < 0.01), heterozygous TC of WFS1-rs1801214 (0.60; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.44–0.80; p < 0.01), heterozygous GA of DUSP9-rs5945326 (0.60; 95% CI 0.39–0.92; p = 0.01), heterozygous GA of ZFAND6-rs11634397 (0.75; 95% CI 0.56–1.01; p = 0.05), and homozygous AA of FTO-rs11642841 (1.50; 95% CI 0.8–1.45; p = 0.03) were significantly associated with prediabetes, independent of age and body mass index (BMI). Additionally, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in rs11634397 (AA) with a median of 5389.0 (2767.4–7412.8) were significantly higher than in the heterozygous GA genotype with a median of 1736.3 (1024.4–4452.0) (p < 0.01). In conclusion, only five of the 37 genetic variants previously linked to T2DM and obesity in the Saudi Arabian population [HNF4A-rs4812829, WFS1-rs1801214, DUSP9-rs5945326, ZFAND6-rs11634397, FTO-rs11642841] were associated with prediabetes susceptibility. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the potential clinical value of the studied genetic variants of interest.
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Han X, Zheng L, Mu YY, Li HZ, He XF. Association between OPG polymorphisms and osteoporosis risk: An updated meta-analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:1032110. [PMID: 36437941 PMCID: PMC9682267 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1032110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated an association between osteoprotegerin (OPG) polymorphisms (A163G (rs3102735), T245G (rs3134069), T950C (rs2073617), G1181C (rs2073618)) and osteoporosis risk. However, their conclusions are inconsistent. In addition, some new studies have been updated, and more importantly, previous meta-analyses have not tested for false-positive results. In order to further explore these associations, we recently conducted a meta-analysis. Objectives: To study the relationship between OPG polymorphisms A163G, T245G, T950C, G1181C and the risk of osteoporosis. Methods: PubMed, Medline, International Statistical Institute (ISI), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and China Wanfang Database were used for research searches. Associations were assessed with five genetic models using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In addition, confidence in statistically significant associations was assessed using false-positive report probability (FPRP), Bayesian probability of False discovery (BFDP), and Venice criteria. Results: On the whole, the OPG A163G polymorphism was not significantly associated with risk of osteoporosis. However, in a subgroup analysis, we found that the OPG A163G polymorphism increased the risk of osteoporosis in Caucasians (AG + GG vs AA: OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.06-1.73; AA + GG vs AG: OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.49-0.82) and the female (G vs A: OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.03-1.64; AG + GG vs AA: OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.18-1.71). At the same time, the OPG G1181C polymorphism reduces the risk of osteoporosis (C vs G: OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.74-0.95; CC vs GG: OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.60-0.93; GC + CC vs GG: OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.67-0.95; CC vs GG + GC: OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.70-1.00). Moreover, a significantly decreased risk of osteoporosis was also discovered in Asian (C vs G: OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.66-0.98; CC vs GG: OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.47-0.95; GC + CC vs GG: OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.58-0.95) and the female (C vs G: OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.75-0.97; CC vs GG: OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.61-0.96; GC + CC vs GG: OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.66-0.95). Finally, we did not find a close association between OPG T245G and T950C polymorphisms and osteoporosis risk. However, when we retained only studies in the control group that was consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and high-quality scores, we observed that the OPG A163G polymorphism increased the risk of osteoporosis in the overall analysis (G vs A: OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.16-1.68; GG vs AA: OR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.20-3.21; AG + GG vs AA: OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.22-1.72). Finally, after the credibility assessment, we concluded that all statistically significant association results in the meta-analysis in this study and those in the previous study were 'positive results with low confidence'. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study concluded that all meaningful results between OPG A163G and G1181C polymorphisms and osteoporosis risk were false-positive results rather than true associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Lai Zheng
- Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Yi-Yang Mu
- Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Hong-Zhuo Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Feng He
- Institute of Evidence-Based Medicine, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Lim SH, Kim K, Choi CI. Pharmacogenomics of Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12081265. [PMID: 36013214 PMCID: PMC9410311 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12081265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine refers to a highly individualized and personalized approach to patient care. Pharmacogenomics is the study of how an individual’s genomic profile affects their drug response, enabling stable and effective drug selection, minimizing side effects, and maximizing therapeutic efficacy. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation in the joints. It mainly starts in peripheral joints, such as the hands and feet, and progresses to large joints, which causes joint deformation and bone damage due to inflammation of the synovial membrane. Here, we review various pharmacogenetic studies investigating the association between clinical response to monoclonal antibody therapy and their target genetic polymorphisms. Numerous papers have reported that some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are related to the therapeutic response of several monoclonal antibody drugs including adalimumab, infliximab, rituximab, and tocilizumab, which target tumor necrosis factor (TNF), CD20 of B-cells, and interleukin (IL)-6. Additionally, there are some pharmacogenomic studies reporting on the association between the clinical response of monoclonal antibodies having various mechanisms, such as IL-1, IL-17, IL-23, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK) inhibition. Biological therapies are currently prescribed on a “trial and error” basis for RA patients. If appropriate drug treatment is not started early, joints may deform, and long-term treatment outcomes may worsen. Pharmacogenomic approaches that predict therapeutic responses for RA patients have the potential to significantly improve patient quality of life and reduce treatment costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ho Lim
- Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea;
| | - Khangyoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea;
| | - Chang-Ik Choi
- Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-961-5230
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Osteoprotegerin Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Subclinical Atherosclerosis in the Mexican Mestizo Population. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12061433. [PMID: 35741244 PMCID: PMC9221599 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Subclinical atherosclerosis (SA) is the presence of coronary calcification in the absence of cardiovascular symptoms, and it usually progresses to atherosclerotic disease. Studies have shown an association of osteoprotegerin gene (OPG) variants with calcification process in cardiovascular diseases; however, to this day there are no studies that evaluate individuals in the asymptomatic stage of atherosclerotic disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the association of four genetic variants and haplotypes of the OPG gene with the development of SA, through TaqMan genotyping assays. We also aimed to identify potential response elements for transcription factors in these genetic variants. The study included 1413 asymptomatic participants (1041 were controls and 372 were individuals with SA). The rs3102735 polymorphism appeared as a protective marker (OR = 0.693; 95% CI = 0.493−0.974; pheterozygote = 0.035; OR = 0.699; 95% CI = 0.496−0.985; pcodominant 1 = 0.040) and two haplotypes were associated with SA, one as a decreased risk: GACC (OR = 0.641, 95% CI = 0.414−0.990, p = 0.045) and another as an increased risk: GACT (OR = 1.208, 95% CI = 1.020−1.431, p = 0.029). Our data suggest a lower risk of SA in rs3102735 C carriers in a representative sample of Mexican mestizo population.
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PTHR1 Genetic Polymorphisms Are Associated with Osteoporosis among Postmenopausal Arab Women. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2021:2993761. [PMID: 34977236 PMCID: PMC8716221 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2993761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTHR1) plays a crucial role in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. However, its genetic role in regulating bone turnover markers (BTMs) in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) remains unclear. Herein, we explored parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTHR gene variant susceptibility to osteoporosis and their association with various circulating BTM and inflammatory markers in postmenopausal women of Arab ethnicity. In total, 600 postmenopausal Arab women (300-PMO and 300-control) were genotyped for selected SNPs in PTH (rs1459015, rs307253, rs6054, rs307247, rs10500783 and rs10500784), PTHR1 (rs6442037, rs1138518, and rs724449 SNPs) and PTHR2 (rs9288393, rs10497900, and rs897083). Anthropometrics, BTMs, and inflammatory markers were measured. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the lumbar spine L1–L4 and the femoral neck using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). PTHR1 rs1138518 genotype C/T was found to be a significant risk factor for PMO (OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.0-2.1, P = 0.03). The genotypes C/T and T/T of PTHR1 rs1138518 were associated with 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) regulation. In the PMO group, carriers of the C/T genotype had significantly lower 25(OH)D levels than carriers of the same genotypes in the control group (59.9 (36.7-92.4) nmol/l and 66.4 (43.5-87.8) nmol/l, respectively; P = 0.048]. Our study concludes that the PTHR1 rs1138518 genotype could be a potential risk factor for osteoporosis and 25(OH)D regulation in Arab women with PMO.
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Ansari MGA, Mohammed AK, Wani KA, Hussain SD, Alnaami AM, Abdi S, Aljohani NJ, Al-Daghri NM. Vitamin D Receptor Gene Variants Susceptible to Osteoporosis in Arab Post-Menopausal Women. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:1325-1334. [PMID: 34698098 PMCID: PMC8929051 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43030094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-menopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is a multifactorial bone disorder in elderly women. Various vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene variants have been studied and associated with osteoporosis in other populations, but not in a homogenous Arab ethnic group. Herein, the current study explores the association between VDR polymorphisms and susceptibility to osteoporosis in Saudi postmenopausal women. In total, 600 Saudi postmenopausal women (N = 300 osteoporosis; N = 300 control) were genotyped for VDR gene variants (rs7975232, rs1544410, rs731236) using TaqMan® SNP genotyping assays. Bone mineral density (BMD) for the lumbar spine and femur was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The heterozygous frequency distributions AC of rs7975232, CT of rs1544410, and AG of rs731236 were significantly higher in the osteoporosis group than controls (p < 0.05). Heterozygous AC of rs7975232 (1.6; 95% CI 1.1–2.3; p < 0.023), CT of rs1544410 (1.6; 95% CI 1.1–2.4; p < 0.022), and AG of rs731236 (1.6; 95% CI 1.1–2.4; p < 0.024) were significantly associated with increased risk of osteoporosis, independent of age and BMI. In conclusion, VDR gene variants rs7975232, rs1544410, rs731236 had a significant effect on BMD and were associated with osteoporosis risk in Saudi postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed. G. A. Ansari
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.A.A.); (A.K.M.); (K.A.W.); (S.D.H.); (A.M.A.); (N.J.A.)
| | - Abdul Khader Mohammed
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.A.A.); (A.K.M.); (K.A.W.); (S.D.H.); (A.M.A.); (N.J.A.)
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kaiser A. Wani
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.A.A.); (A.K.M.); (K.A.W.); (S.D.H.); (A.M.A.); (N.J.A.)
| | - Syed D. Hussain
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.A.A.); (A.K.M.); (K.A.W.); (S.D.H.); (A.M.A.); (N.J.A.)
| | - Abdullah M. Alnaami
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.A.A.); (A.K.M.); (K.A.W.); (S.D.H.); (A.M.A.); (N.J.A.)
| | - Saba Abdi
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Naji J. Aljohani
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.A.A.); (A.K.M.); (K.A.W.); (S.D.H.); (A.M.A.); (N.J.A.)
- Obesity, Endocrine, and Metabolic Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 59046, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.A.A.); (A.K.M.); (K.A.W.); (S.D.H.); (A.M.A.); (N.J.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-1-4675939
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Li X, Cheng J, Dong B, Yu X, Zhao X, Zhou Z. Common Variants of the OPG gene Are Associated with Osteoporosis Risk: A Meta-Analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:600-610. [PMID: 34515523 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway plays a critical role in osteoclastogenesis and bone remodeling. The associations between sequence variants of the osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene and osteoporosis risk have been widely investigated but remain inconclusive. Objective: We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the associations between OPG gene variants and osteoporosis risk. Methods: We searched electronic databases and included studies meeting inclusion criteria. The genetic associations of four common OPG variants, A163G, T245G, T950C, and G1181C, with osteoporosis risk were explored. Pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated for multiple genetic models. Subgroup analyses including ethnicity, gender, menopausal status, sample size, and control source were also performed. Results: Twenty-six studies comprising 4879 osteoporosis cases and 5708 controls were included. The A163G variant was found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis under both the allelic (G vs. A: OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.29-1.64, p < 0.001) and dominant models (GG+GA vs. AA: OR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.29-1.70, p < 0.001). Significant associations were also found between the T245G variant and osteoporosis risk. In addition, we observed a reduced risk of osteoporosis in women with the CC genotype at T950C (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.64-0.89, p = 0.001) and among Caucasians with the GG or CG genotypes at the G1181C locus (OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.64-0.94, p = 0.010). In postmenopausal women, only the GG/GA genotypes at the A163G variant were more predisposed to osteoporosis (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.00-1.71), whereas CC/CG carriers of G1181C locus may have reduced risk (OR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.66-1.03). Conclusions: Common variants of the OPG gene are associated with osteoporosis risk, especially in the Caucasian population and in the female subgroup. These genetic markers could potentially be used as predictive markers for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Li
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Yuncheng, China
| | - Junwen Cheng
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Yuncheng, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Yuncheng, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Laboratory Department, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Yuncheng, China
| | - Xiaona Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Yuncheng, China
| | - Zhikang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Yuncheng, China
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