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Aoki H, Takasawa A, Yamamoto E, Niinuma T, Yamano HO, Harada T, Kubo T, Yorozu A, Kitajima H, Ishiguro K, Kai M, Katanuma A, Shinohara T, Nakase H, Sugai T, Osanai M, Suzuki H. Downregulation of SMOC1 is associated with progression of colorectal traditional serrated adenomas. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:91. [PMID: 38429655 PMCID: PMC10905814 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant DNA methylation is prevalent in colorectal serrated lesions. We previously reported that the CpG island of SMOC1 is frequently methylated in traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) and colorectal cancers (CRCs) but is rarely methylated in sessile serrated lesions (SSLs). In the present study, we aimed to further characterize the expression of SMOC1 in early colorectal lesions. METHODS SMOC1 expression was analyzed immunohistochemically in a series of colorectal tumors (n = 199) and adjacent normal colonic tissues (n = 112). RESULTS SMOC1 was abundantly expressed in normal colon and SSLs while it was significantly downregulated in TSAs, advanced adenomas and cancers. Mean immunohistochemistry scores were as follows: normal colon, 24.2; hyperplastic polyp (HP), 18.9; SSL, 23.8; SSL with dysplasia (SSLD)/SSL with early invasive cancer (EIC), 15.8; TSA, 5.4; TSA with high grade dysplasia (HGD)/EIC, 4.7; non-advanced adenoma, 21.4; advanced adenoma, 11.9; EIC, 10.9. Higher levels SMOC1 expression correlated positively with proximal colon locations and flat tumoral morphology, reflecting its abundant expression in SSLs. Among TSAs that contained both flat and protruding components, levels of SMOC1 expression were significantly lower in the protruding components. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that reduced expression of SMOC1 is associated with progression of TSAs and conventional adenomas and that SMOC1 expression may be a biomarker for diagnosis of serrated lesions and risk prediction in colorectal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Aoki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1, W17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
- Center for Gastroenterology, Teine-Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Koyukai Shin-Sapporo Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Takasawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1, W17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takeshi Niinuma
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1, W17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiro-O Yamano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taku Harada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1, W17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
- Center for Gastroenterology, Teine-Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kubo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Yorozu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1, W17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitajima
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1, W17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kazuya Ishiguro
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1, W17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1, W17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Akio Katanuma
- Center for Gastroenterology, Teine-Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Nakase
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Sugai
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Makoto Osanai
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiromu Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1, W17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.
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Lv R, Duan L, Gao J, Si J, Feng C, Hu J, Zheng X. Bioinformatics-based analysis of the roles of basement membrane-related gene AGRN in systemic lupus erythematosus and pan-cancer development. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1231611. [PMID: 37841281 PMCID: PMC10570813 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1231611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease involving many systems and organs, and individuals with SLE exhibit unique cancer risk characteristics. The significance of the basement membrane (BM) in the occurrence and progression of human autoimmune diseases and tumors has been established through research. However, the roles of BM-related genes and their protein expression mechanisms in the pathogenesis of SLE and pan-cancer development has not been elucidated. Methods In this study, we applied bioinformatics methods to perform differential expression analysis of BM-related genes in datasets from SLE patients. We utilized LASSO logistic regression, SVM-RFE, and RandomForest to screen for feature genes and construct a diagnosis model for SLE. In order to attain a comprehensive comprehension of the biological functionalities of the feature genes, we conducted GSEA analysis, ROC analysis, and computed levels of immune cell infiltration. Finally, we sourced pan-cancer expression profiles from the TCGA and GTEx databases and performed pan-cancer analysis. Results We screened six feature genes (AGRN, PHF13, SPOCK2, TGFBI, COL4A3, and COLQ) to construct an SLE diagnostic model. Immune infiltration analysis showed a significant correlation between AGRN and immune cell functions such as parainflammation and type I IFN response. After further gene expression validation, we finally selected AGRN for pan-cancer analysis. The results showed that AGRN's expression level varied according to distinct tumor types and was closely correlated with some tumor patients' prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and other indicators. Discussion In conclusion, BM-related genes play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of SLE, and AGRN shows immense promise as a target in SLE and the progression of multiple tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rundong Lv
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Duan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Jigang Si
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Children’s Health, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Xiulan Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Li W, Ling L, Xiang L, Ding P, Yue W. Identification and validation of a risk model and molecular subtypes based on tryptophan metabolism-related genes to predict the clinical prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment in lower-grade glioma. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1146686. [PMID: 36925967 PMCID: PMC10011102 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1146686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lower-grade glioma (LGG) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the central nervous system (CNS). Accumulating evidence have demonstrated that tryptophan metabolism is significant in tumor. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively clarify the relationship between tryptophan metabolism-related genes (TRGs) and LGGs. Methods The expression level of TRGs in LGG and normal tissues was first analyzed. Next, the key TRGs with prognostic value and differential expression in LGGs were identified using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. Subsequently, a risk model was constructed and Consensus clustering analysis was conducted based on the expression level of key TRGs. Then, the prognostic value, clinicopathological factors, and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) characteristics between different risk groups and molecular subtypes were analyzed. Finally, the expression, prognosis, and TIME of each key TRGs were analyzed separately in LGG patients. Results A total of 510 patients with LGG from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and 1,152 normal tissues from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) dataset were included to evaluate the expression level of TRGs. After LASSO regression analysis, we identified six key TRGs and constructed a TRGs risk model. The survival analysis revealed that the risk model was the independent predictor in LGG patients. And the nomogram containing risk scores and independent clinicopathological factors could accurately predict the prognosis of LGG patients. In addition, the results of the Consensus cluster analysis based on the expression of the six TRGs showed that it could classify the LGG patients into two distinct clusters, with significant differences in prognosis, clinicopathological factors and TIME between these two clusters. Finally, we validated the expression, prognosis and immune infiltration of six key TRGs in patients with LGG. Conclusion This study demonstrated that tryptophan metabolism plays an important role in the progression of LGG. In addition, the risk model and the molecular subtypes we constructed not only could be used as an indicator to predict the prognosis of LGG patients but also were closely related to the clinicopathological factors and TIME of LGG patients. Overall, our study provides theoretical support for the ultimate realization of precision treatment for patients with LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Li
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Ling
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Xiang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Ding
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Yue
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
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