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Cheprasov MY, Boeskorov GG, Novgorodov GP, Tikhonov AN, Grigorieva LV, Boulygina ES, Slobodova NV, Sharko FS, Protopopov AV, Nedoluzhko AV. Mid-holocene Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) from the Bolshoy Lyakhovsky Island (New Siberian Islands). DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2023; 513:368-373. [PMID: 37700103 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496623700692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
A morphological description is provided for a unique find of a frozen mummified subfossil brown bear (Ursus arctos L., 1758), found for the first time ever. The find is a well-preserved bear carcass of approximately 3500 years in age. Results of computed tomography and DNA testing are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yu Cheprasov
- M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia.
| | - G G Boeskorov
- M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
- Institute of Diamond and Precious Metals Geology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia
| | - G P Novgorodov
- M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
| | - A N Tikhonov
- M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
- Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - L V Grigorieva
- M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
| | - E S Boulygina
- "Kurchatov Institute" National Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - N V Slobodova
- "Kurchatov Institute" National Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - F S Sharko
- "Kurchatov Institute" National Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" National Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Protopopov
- Academy of Sciences of the Sakha Republic, Yakutsk, Russia
| | - A V Nedoluzhko
- European University at St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Sharko F, Slobodova N, Boulygina E, Cheprasov M, Gladysheva-Azgari M, Tsygankova S, Rastorguev S, Novgorodov G, Boeskorov G, Grigorieva L, Hwang WS, Tikhonov A, Nedoluzhko A. Ancient DNA of the Don-Hares Assumes the Existence of Two Distinct Mitochondrial Clades in Northeast Asia. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030700. [PMID: 36980972 PMCID: PMC10047931 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Paleoclimatic changes during the Pleistocene–Holocene transition is suggested as a main factor that led to species extinction, including the woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius), Steller’s sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas) and the Don-hare (Lepus tanaiticus). These species inhabited the territory of Eurasia during the Holocene, but eventually went extinct. The Don-hare is an extinct species of the genus Lepus (Leporidae, Lagomorpha), which lived in the Late Pleistocene–Early Holocene in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. For a long time, the Don-hare was considered a separate species, but at the same time, its species status was disputed, taking into account both morphological data and mitochondrial DNA. In this study, mitochondrial genomes of five Don-hares, whose remains were found on the territory of Northeastern Eurasia were reconstructed. Firstly, we confirm the phylogenetic proximity of the “young” specimens of Don-hare and mountain or white hare, and secondly, that samples older than 39 Kya form a completely distinct mitochondrial clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedor Sharko
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
- Kurchatov Center for Genomic Research, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Slobodova
- Kurchatov Center for Genomic Research, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, HSE University, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugenia Boulygina
- Kurchatov Center for Genomic Research, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maksim Cheprasov
- Lazarev Mammoth Museum, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia
- Federal Research Centre “The Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 677980 Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Maria Gladysheva-Azgari
- Kurchatov Center for Genomic Research, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Tsygankova
- Kurchatov Center for Genomic Research, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Rastorguev
- Laboratory of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gavril Novgorodov
- Lazarev Mammoth Museum, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Gennady Boeskorov
- Institute of Diamond and Precious Metals Geology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 677007 Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Lena Grigorieva
- Center of Molecular Paleontology, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Woo Suk Hwang
- UAE Biotech Research Center, Abu Dhabi 30310, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biology, North-Eastern Federal University, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Alexei Tikhonov
- Lazarev Mammoth Museum, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia
- Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 190121 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Artem Nedoluzhko
- Paleogenomics Laboratory, European University at Saint Petersburg, 191187 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence:
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