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Mohrmann L, Seebach J, Missler M, Rohlmann A. Distinct Alterations in Dendritic Spine Morphology in the Absence of β-Neurexins. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1285. [PMID: 38279285 PMCID: PMC10817056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic spines are essential for synaptic function because they constitute the postsynaptic compartment of the neurons that receives the most excitatory input. The extracellularly shorter variant of the presynaptic cell adhesion molecules neurexins, β-neurexin, has been implicated in various aspects of synaptic function, including neurotransmitter release. However, its role in developing or stabilizing dendritic spines as fundamental computational units of excitatory synapses has remained unclear. Here, we show through morphological analysis that the deletion of β-neurexins in hippocampal neurons in vitro and in hippocampal tissue in vivo affects presynaptic dense-core vesicles, as hypothesized earlier, and, unexpectedly, alters the postsynaptic spine structure. Specifically, we observed that the absence of β-neurexins led to an increase in filopodial-like protrusions in vitro and more mature mushroom-type spines in the CA1 region of adult knockout mice. In addition, the deletion of β-neurexins caused alterations in the spine head dimension and an increase in spines with perforations of their postsynaptic density but no changes in the overall number of spines or synapses. Our results indicate that presynaptic β-neurexins play a role across the synaptic cleft, possibly by aligning with postsynaptic binding partners and glutamate receptors via transsynaptic columns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Markus Missler
- Institute of Anatomy and Molecular Neurobiology, University Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (L.M.); (J.S.)
| | - Astrid Rohlmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Molecular Neurobiology, University Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (L.M.); (J.S.)
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Goumy C, Guy Ouedraogo Z, Soler G, Eymard-Pierre E, Laurichesse H, Delabaere A, Gallot D, Bouchet P, Perthus I, Pebrel-Richard C, Gouas L, Salaun G, Salse J, Véronèse L, Tchirkov A. Optical genome mapping for prenatal diagnosis: A prospective study. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 551:117594. [PMID: 37832906 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cytogenetic analysis provides important information for prenatal decision-making and genetic counseling. Optical genome mapping (OGM) has demonstrated its performances in retrospective studies. In our prospective study, we assessed the quality of DNA obtained from cultures of amniotic fluid (AF) and chorionic villi (CV) and evaluated the ability of OGM to detect all clinically relevant aberrations identified by standard methods. METHODS A total of 37 prenatal samples from pregnancies with a fetal anomaly on ultrasound were analyzed prospectively by OGM between January 1, 2021 and June 31, 2022. OGM results were interpreted blindly and compared to the results obtained by standard techniques. RESULTS OGM results were interpretable in 92% of samples. We observed 100% concordance between OGM and karyotype and/or chromosomal microarray results. In addition, OGM identified a median of 30 small (<100 kb) structural variations per case with the involvement of 12 OMIM genes, of which 3 were OMIM morbid genes. CONCLUSION This prospective study showed OGM performed well in detecting genomic alterations in cell cultures from prenatal samples. The place of OGM in relation to CMA or exome sequencing remains to be defined in order to optimize the prenatal diagnostic procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Goumy
- Cytogénétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INSERM U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand, France.
| | - Zangbéwendé Guy Ouedraogo
- Cytogénétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Gwendoline Soler
- Cytogénétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Eleonore Eymard-Pierre
- Cytogénétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INSERM U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Hélène Laurichesse
- Unité de Médecine Fœtale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France
| | - Amélie Delabaere
- Unité de Médecine Fœtale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France
| | - Denis Gallot
- Unité de Médecine Fœtale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pamela Bouchet
- Unité de Médecine Fœtale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France
| | - Isabelle Perthus
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France
| | - Céline Pebrel-Richard
- Cytogénétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laetitia Gouas
- Cytogénétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INSERM U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Gaëlle Salaun
- Cytogénétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jérôme Salse
- UMR 1095 INRAE/UCA Génétique, Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Genotyping and Sequencing Plateform Gentyane, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lauren Véronèse
- Cytogénétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France; EA7453 CHELTER « Clonal Heterogeneity, Leukemic Environment, Therapy Resistance of Chronic Leukemias », Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Andrei Tchirkov
- Cytogénétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France; EA7453 CHELTER « Clonal Heterogeneity, Leukemic Environment, Therapy Resistance of Chronic Leukemias », Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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