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Hassan BH, Fernández-Alcántara M, García-Caro MP, Ibrahim N, Eweida RS. Cross-Cultural Comparison of Older Adults' Emotional Responses Toward Death: A Pilot Study. Res Gerontol Nurs 2024; 17:112-120. [PMID: 38598781 DOI: 10.3928/19404921-20240402-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The current study reports preliminary findings from a pilot sample that sought to compare the emotional responses of older adults toward death in Egyptian and Spanish cultures. METHOD A cohort of 90 eligible older adults from Egypt and Spain were recruited using a cross-sectional descriptive design. RESULTS Egyptian participants recorded a significantly higher score in approaching acceptance of death compared to their Spanish counterparts (mean = 21.57, SD = 9.4 and mean = 13.51, SD = 7.11, respectively). Post-hoc test showed there were differences in levels of valence (F[1,86] = 23.88, p < 0.001), indicating that older adults in Spain perceived such images as more unpleasant compared to Egyptian older adults. A significant difference related to death attitude profile scale was noted between Egyptian and Spanish older adults. CONCLUSION Egyptian and Spanish older adults demonstrated different attitudes toward death in addition to differences in death anxiety and depression. This preliminary study validates the importance of developing effective nursing strategies to lessen anxiety and fear about death. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 17(3), 112-120.].
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Coelho A, Lopes M, Barata M, Sousa S, Goes M, Bia F, Dias A, João A, Lusquinhos L, Oliveira H, Gaspar T. Biopsychosocial Factors That Influence the Purpose in Life among Working Adults and Retirees. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20085456. [PMID: 37107738 PMCID: PMC10138867 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20085456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify and characterize biopsychosocial factors that impact the purpose in life (PIL) among adults that are working or already retired. This cross-sectional study includes a sample of 1330 participants, of whom 62.2% were female, with ages ranging from 55 and 84 years, with a mean of 61.93 years and a standard deviation of 7.65. Results suggest that the education level, stress, spirituality (religion) and optimism, social support from friends, and quality of life related to physical health seem to contribute positively to the PIL for both groups. However, some variables such as age, marital status and environmental quality of life help explain the PIL of retired people and the quality of life related to social support helps explain the PIL of working adults. Overall, the reported findings suggest that the purpose in life is strongly related to physical, psychological, social and environmental health factors. It is highlighted that working adults and retired people have their purpose in life related to similar factors and others specific to each life stage, suggesting the need for crucial interventions to promote a healthier and more positive aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabela Coelho
- Escola Superior de Enfermagem São João de Deus, Universidade de Évora, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
- H&TRC-Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1549-020 Lisboa, Portugal
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1099-085 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Manuel Lopes
- Escola Superior de Enfermagem São João de Deus, Universidade de Évora, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
| | - Marta Barata
- Aventura Social Associação, Universidade Lusófona/SPIC, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sofia Sousa
- Aventura Social Associação, Universidade Lusófona/SPIC, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida Goes
- Escola Superior de Enfermagem São João de Deus, Universidade de Évora, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
| | - Florbela Bia
- Escola Superior de Enfermagem São João de Deus, Universidade de Évora, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal
- Center for Interdisciplinary Heath Reseach (CIIS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 1649-023 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Dias
- Escola Superior de Enfermagem São João de Deus, Universidade de Évora, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal
| | - Ana João
- Escola Superior de Enfermagem São João de Deus, Universidade de Évora, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal
| | - Leonel Lusquinhos
- Escola Superior de Enfermagem São João de Deus, Universidade de Évora, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal
| | - Henrique Oliveira
- Instituto de Telecomunicações (IT-Lisboa), 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto Politécnico de Beja, 1049-001 Beja, Portugal
| | - Tânia Gaspar
- Hei-Lab, ISAMB, Universidade Lusófona, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
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Ochoa Pacheco P, Castro Pérez R, Coello-Montecel D, Castro Zazueta NP. Quality of Life in Older Adults: Evidence from Mexico and Ecuador. Geriatrics (Basel) 2021; 6:geriatrics6030092. [PMID: 34562993 PMCID: PMC8482232 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics6030092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Older adults are a growing population group in Latin America, hence the importance of deepening studies, proposals, and policies to guarantee their well-being. This article analyzes the perception of quality of life in older adults from Mexico and Ecuador and its association with several socioeconomic variables. The study design was cross-sectional. The sample comprised 450 older adults, 238 from Mexico and 212 from Ecuador. The WHOQOL-OLD Quality of Life Questionnaire and a set of sociodemographic variables were used. The results showed a higher perception of quality of life in the Mexican sample regarding most of the dimensions, except for sensory skills and social participation. An association was also found between sensory skills and sports practice, as well as between social participation and education level. The study achieves a binational approach to the reality of older adults in Latin America and confirms that there are differences in each sample that are due to the particularities of each reality. This research contributes to deepening the reality of the elderly, especially in Ecuador, where the quality-of-life studies in all age segments must be strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ochoa Pacheco
- ESPAE Graduate School of Management, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Campus Las Peñas Malecón No. 100 y Loja, Guayaquil 090306, Ecuador
- Correspondence: (P.O.P.); (D.C.-M.)
| | - Rafael Castro Pérez
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria Culiacán, Culiacán 80013, Mexico; (R.C.P.); (N.P.C.Z.)
| | - David Coello-Montecel
- ESPAE Graduate School of Management, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Campus Las Peñas Malecón No. 100 y Loja, Guayaquil 090306, Ecuador
- Correspondence: (P.O.P.); (D.C.-M.)
| | - Nancy Pamela Castro Zazueta
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria Culiacán, Culiacán 80013, Mexico; (R.C.P.); (N.P.C.Z.)
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Fonseca C, de Pinho LG, Lopes MJ, Marques MDC, Garcia-Alonso J. The Elderly Nursing Core Set and the cognition of Portuguese older adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2021; 20:108. [PMID: 34162387 PMCID: PMC8220736 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-021-00623-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aging population and its associated health needs require specific nursing care. The aim of this study was to draw an epidemiological profile of Portuguese elderly adults attending in residential homes and day centers and to evaluate the association between the functioning and cognition of these older adults and their sociodemographic characteristics and presence of multimorbidity. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 613 older adults. Functioning was assessed using the Elderly Nursing Core Set, and cognition was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed. RESULTS The mean age was 85.73 years; the majority of the participants were female (69.3 %), widowed (67.0 %) and over 85 years old (60.4 %). A total of 68.2 % of the sample presented multimorbidity. A total of 54.5 % had cognitive impairment, and the average functional profile was classified as "moderate difficulty". Institutionalized older adults had more diseases than those who attended the day center. Women, those who were illiterate, those who were institutionalized and older adults who had diseases of the nervous system had a worse functional profile and greater cognitive impairment. Those with multimorbidity had a worse functional profile, and those without a spouse had greater cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS Given the functional and cognitive profile of older adults, it is necessary to adopt care practices focused on the rehabilitation/maintenance of self-care and affective relationships. This care must be provided by highly qualified professionals. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the ratio of nurses per older adult in these institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Fonseca
- Escola Superior de Enfermagem São João de Deus, Universidade de Évora, Largo do Sr. da Pobreza, 2B, 7000 - 811, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Évora, Portugal
| | - Lara Guedes de Pinho
- Escola Superior de Enfermagem São João de Deus, Universidade de Évora, Largo do Sr. da Pobreza, 2B, 7000 - 811, Évora, Portugal.
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Évora, Portugal.
| | - Manuel José Lopes
- Escola Superior de Enfermagem São João de Deus, Universidade de Évora, Largo do Sr. da Pobreza, 2B, 7000 - 811, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Évora, Portugal
| | - Maria do Céu Marques
- Escola Superior de Enfermagem São João de Deus, Universidade de Évora, Largo do Sr. da Pobreza, 2B, 7000 - 811, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Évora, Portugal
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