Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of Lung Cancer Screening Health Belief Scale

Lung Cancer Screening Health Belief Model: Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Version and Factors Influencing Screening and Prevention Among Jordanians

BACKGROUND

Several screening models have recently been applied to study awareness and help people make informed decisions regarding cancer screening.

AIMS

This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and lung cancer screening health beliefs (LCSHBs) among Jordanians. Moreover, we intended to translate the LCSHBs scale into the Arabic language and test its validity and reliability.

METHODS

An online survey (Google Forms) was completed by 916 participants in Jordan via snowball sampling technique from February 10, 2024, to March 2, 2024, assessing lung cancer screening knowledge, lung cancer preventive attitudes, screening-related health beliefs, and stages of screening adoption. Linear regression analysis, correlations, and non-parametric statistics were utilized for statistical inference.

RESULTS

Participants had high mean percentage scores of 86.56% and 85.75% for knowledge and preventive attitudes towards lung cancer screening, respectively. The Arabic version of the LCSHBs model was found to be a valid and reliable tool, as indicated by principal component analysis extraction and Cronbach's alpha values. Lung cancer screening knowledge was positively associated with perceived benefits and negatively associated with perceived barriers to screening. Knowledge, perceived barriers, perceived risk of lung cancer, self-efficacy (SE) to screen, and lung cancer preventive attitudes were significantly associated with the perceived benefits of lung cancer screening (p < 0.05). We also found that the higher the SE, the higher the physical activity and the lower the perceived barriers.

CONCLUSION

The Arabic version of the LCSHBs model is valid and reliable for assessing health beliefs toward lung cancer screening. We recommend enhancing targeted interventions, educational outreach, and improving health insurance access to reduce lung cancer incidence in Jordan and promote screening behaviors.

Factors influencing the intention for lung cancer screening in high-risk populations for lung cancer

Objective

Utilizing low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening has proven effective in reducing lung cancer mortality among high-risk individuals. This study aimed to investigate the health beliefs, knowledge of lung cancer, and cancer prevention behaviors in adults at high risk for lung cancer, with the goal of identifying predictors influencing their intention to undergo lung cancer screening.

Methods

The study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design. Online questionnaires, including assessments of lung cancer screening health beliefs, knowledge of lung cancer, cancer prevention behaviors, intention to undergo lung cancer screening, and participant characteristics, were distributed to 186 individuals at high risk of lung cancer through a survey link. The data collection period spanned from April 26 to May 3, 2023. Analytical procedures encompassed descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlations, and hierarchical multiple regression.

Results

The mean score for the intention to undergo lung cancer screening in our study was 3.66 out of 5. The regression model explaining the intention to undergo lung cancer screening accounted for 34.7% of the variance. Significant factors identified included stress level (β = 0.20, P = 0.002), perceived risk (β = 0.13, P = 0.040), self-efficacy (β = 0.35, P < 0.001), and engagement in cancer prevention behavior (β = 0.26, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Healthcare providers should implement psychological interventions and provide education about cancer screening for high-risk individuals, aiming to enhance their perceived risk and self-efficacy, thus promoting a higher likelihood of undergoing screening.