1
|
Wei X, Zhou H, Zheng Q, Ren L, Chen N, Wang P, Liu C. Longitudinal Interactions between Problematic Internet Gaming and Symptoms of Depression Among University Students: Differentiating Anhedonia and Depressed Mood. Addict Behav 2024; 160:108184. [PMID: 39393293 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE This study examines the interplay between problematic internet gaming (PIG) and depressive symptoms among university students, specifically anhedonia and depressed mood. Prior studies lacked distinction between these symptoms and had limited follow-ups. METHOD The three-wave longitudinal study analyzed data from 1,720 university students (with an average age of 20 years and 49 % being female) using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model, which distinguished between-person and within-person effects. RESULTS At the between-person level, PIG was positively associated with two depressive symptoms. At the within-person level, PIG positively predicted future anhedonia. Besides, depressed mood positively predicted future PIG. CONCLUSIONS Our results have identified PIG as a risk factor for anhedonia and depressed mood as a risk factor for PIG among university students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wei
- School of Nursing, Putian University, Putian 351100, China.
| | - Huiling Zhou
- School of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Qiaoyi Zheng
- Quanzhou Luojiang District Foreign Language School, 362021 Quanzhou, China.
| | - Lei Ren
- Military Psychology Section, Logistics University of PAP, Tianjin 300309, China.
| | - Niya Chen
- School of Education, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, China.
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- School of Media and Communication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chang Liu
- BrainPark, School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou M, Gao G, Rong B, Zhao H, Huang J, Tu N, Bu L, Xiao L, Wang G. Sex differences of neural connectivity in internet gaming disorder and its association with sleep quality: an exploratory fMRI study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1379259. [PMID: 38873537 PMCID: PMC11169786 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1379259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Sex-specific differences in internet gaming disorder (IGD) neurophysiology remain underexplored. Here we investigated sex-related variability in regional homogeneity (ReHo) and functional connectivity (FC) in IGD and their correlations with sleep quality. Methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans were performed on 52 subjects with IGD and 50 healthy controls (HCs). Two-way ANOVA was used to examine sex and diagnosis interactions in ReHo and FC, followed by post-hoc analyses to explore FC biomarkers for different sexes. Results In ReHo analysis, the four groups showed significant sex and diagnosis interactions in the right middle frontal gyrus (rMFG). FC analysis with rMFG as the seed region revealed a significant sex and diagnosis interaction effect in FC of the rMFG with the bilateral postcentral gyrus (PoCG). In male IGD group, FC between the rMFG and the bilateral PoCG correlates strongly with daytime dysfunction score and the Pittsburgh sleep quality inventory (PSQI) total score. Conclusion These findings emphasize the importance of considering sexual dimorphism in the neurobiology of IGD, which might influence subsequent treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guoqing Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bei Rong
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haomian Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Junhua Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ning Tu
- PET-CT/MR Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lihong Bu
- PET-CT/MR Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dang L, Yang HM, Spada MM, Wu AMS. A three-wave longitudinal study on the underlying metacognitive mechanism between depression and Internet gaming disorder. J Behav Addict 2024; 13:215-225. [PMID: 38183452 PMCID: PMC10988406 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2023.00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) and depression have negative consequences on individuals' mental health, but their relationships are complex. This three-wave longitudinal study aimed to detect the metacognitive mechanisms underlying the association between IGD tendency and depression based on the self-regulatory executive function model. METHODS A total of 1,243 Chinese undergraduate student gamers (57% female, M = 19.77, SD = 1.29) were recruited at the baseline survey (Wave 1 [W1]), with 622 and 574 of them taking part in the two follow-up surveys (Wave 2 [W2] at 6 and Wave 3 [W3] at 12 months later), respectively. RESULTS The three-wave path model demonstrated, after controlling for the autoregressive effect of each variable, that depression consistently predicted IGD tendency but not vice versa, while negative but not positive metacognitions about online gaming (MOG) significantly predicted both depression and IGD tendency. Moreover, two statistically significant mediation paths: (i) negative MOG [W1] → depression [W2] → IGD tendency [W3]; and (ii) depression [W1] → negative MOG [W2] → IGD tendency [W3] were identified. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS These findings extend the understanding of the associations among depression, IGD tendency, and MOG, highlighting how negative MOG has a stronger prospective effect than positive MOG on depression and IGD tendency, and also reveal the mutual mediation effects of depression and negative MOG on IGD tendency. Integrated programmes with both emotional regulation training and Metacognitive Therapy are recommended for IGD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Dang
- Faculty of Teacher Education, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hong Mian Yang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Marcantonio M. Spada
- Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anise M. S. Wu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang P, Wang X, Gao T, Yuan X, Xing Q, Cheng X, Ming Y, Tian M. Problematic Internet Use in Early Adolescents: Gender and Loneliness Differences in a Latent Growth Model. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:3583-3596. [PMID: 37693330 PMCID: PMC10488635 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s428422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Based on the Cognitive-Behavioral model and the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution model, this study examined the developmental trajectory of problematic Internet use (PIU) in early adolescents and explored whether there were gender differences in the onset level and rate of development of this developmental trajectory, and tested whether developmental changes in loneliness could have an impact on the developmental trajectory of problematic Internet use. Participants and Methods This longitudinal study collected data on PIU and loneliness from 296 early adolescents (Mage=11.65, SD=0.58) in four waves. The development of PIU in adolescents and the effects of gender and loneliness development on PIU development were examined using a latent growth model. Results The results revealed that individuals' PIU development showed a nonlinear latent growth model, with PIU significantly higher than 0 in grade 6 and its growth rate slowing down as PIU increased. Individuals' PIU at low starting levels developed more rapidly later. Boys had higher initial levels of PIU but their PIU developed and increased at the same rate as girls'. Both the initial value and slope of loneliness had a significant effect on the initial value and slope of boys' and girls' PIU. Conclusion Interventions for PIU in early adolescents also need to consider loneliness at the same time, and intervention groups can focus on individuals with low initial levels of PIU, boys, and individuals with high levels of loneliness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Gao
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiqing Yuan
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiulian Xing
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Cheng
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Ming
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Tian
- Library, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Monley CM, Liese BS, Oberleitner LM. Gamers' and non-gamers' perspectives on the development of problematic video game play. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 43:1-10. [PMID: 36776145 PMCID: PMC9900197 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04278-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Gaming Disorder was recently included in the 11th Edition of the International Classification of Diseases and Internet Gaming Disorder may be introduced in the sixth edition of The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual. Much is not understood about how problems with video games develop. This qualitative study aimed to better understand the development of problematic gaming through focus groups. Eleven young adult "frequent gamers," twelve young adult "non-frequent or non-gamers," and five older adult "non-gamers" discussed vulnerabilities and risk factors of problematic gaming. Participants across all groups believed that problematic gaming developed when people used video games as a primary means of meeting basic psychological needs that were unsatisfied, thwarted, or blocked outside of video games. Frequent and non-frequent gamers, compared to older adult non-gamers, were more likely to view video games as a healthy way to meet basic psychological needs and less likely to stereotype gamers. Video games are equipped to meet basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. That is, gamers often experience a sense of agency, skill, and connection to others when playing video games. However, problematic gaming may develop when people with unmet psychological needs rely exclusively on video games to meet them. Treatment and prevention approaches to problematic gaming can benefit from greater attention to helping at risk individuals meet needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness outside of video games.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corey M. Monley
- Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, University at Albany-State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave, Catskill 228, Albany, NY 12222 USA
- Cofrin Logan Center for Addiction Research and Treatment, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS USA
| | - Bruce S. Liese
- Cofrin Logan Center for Addiction Research and Treatment, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS USA
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gisbert-Pérez J, Martí-Vilar M, Merino-Soto C, Vallejos-Flores M. Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis of Internet Gaming Disorder Scale. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:1992. [PMID: 36292440 PMCID: PMC9602491 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to carry out a reliability generalization meta-analysis of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale (IGDS) to find out if it presents adequate values that justify its application in its four versions: original and abbreviated with dichotomous or ordinal response. A systematic review including 26 studies that apply this instrument from 2015 to June 2022 was conducted. For each version, a reliability generalization meta-analysis was performed with the random coefficients (RC) and varying coefficients (VC) model. Results showed reliability levels > 0.80 in the ordinal versions (IGDS9P and IGDS27P) and in the dichotomous 27-item version (IGDS27D), while the dichotomous 9-item version (IGDS9D) produced levels > 0.70. High heterogeneity was found in all versions (I2 > 95%; Rb > 90%). Cronbach’s α means with both models (RC-VC) did not differ significantly except for the IGDS9D version. It is concluded that, considering the dependence of the results on sample size, abbreviated versions do not guarantee that reliability remains acceptable, and dichotomous versions may provide limited but acceptable reliability. Finally, IGDS27P version is recommended in contexts where high precision is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Gisbert-Pérez
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Martí-Vilar
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - César Merino-Soto
- Instituto de Investigación de Psicología, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, 15026 Lima, Peru
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Exploring Internet gaming disorder: an updated perspective of empirical evidence (from 2016 to 2021). Compr Psychiatry 2022; 116:152319. [PMID: 35526417 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Since the acceptance of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) as a "disorder due to addictive behaviors", research has proliferated exponentially. The present review focuses on the conceptualization of IGD, its diagnosis and assessment, associated factors and existing prevention and treatment plans to address it. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The discrepancies between the diagnostic criteria for IGD proposed by the two central diagnostic entities, as well as the questioning of their clinical validity, have generated multiple proposals for the diagnosis and psychometric evaluation of IGD. Likewise, there have been numerous suggestions to prevent this pathology, with the involvement of governments, the gaming industry and health institutions. Finally, multiple treatment plans have been proposed, both pharmacological and psychological, although only the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy has been tested. It is essential, therefore, to delve deeper into this disorder by addressing the central limitations of the current literature.
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang P, Liu H, Wang X, Yuan X, Sun Y, Xiao L, Li W, Ma C. A Preliminary Validation of the Chinese Version of the Information Technology Identity Scale. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:751-762. [PMID: 35368422 PMCID: PMC8965015 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s352365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Information technology has become an irreplaceable part of people’s lives, and the interaction between information technology and self-identity has produced a new type of information technology (IT) identity. However, there is no measurement tool for this concept in China. The main aim of the study was to revise Carter’s IT Identity Scale in the context of Chinese cultural background and to determine whether the Chinese version is congruent with the English version. Methods In this study, we revised the scale on the basis of the information technology identity scale developed by Carter, translated the scale according to the Chinese cultural environment. Our sample size was 408, and all of them were junior middle school students. After testing this sample, we carried out item analysis, validity analysis, and reliability analysis. Results (1) The correlation coefficients between each item and the total score were significant (0.775–0.885). (2) The three-factor structure (relatedness, dependence, emotional energy) of the Chinese version of the IT identity scale was consistent with the original scale. The values of the factor loadings of each item in the three factors of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were all greater than 0.700, and the model fit indexes (CFI, NFI, NNFI, TLI and IFI) were all greater than 0.900, indicating a good model fit. (3) Average variance extraction (AVE), composite reliability (CR), Pearson correlation, and the square root of AVE indicated good convergence and discriminant validity. (4) The ɑ coefficients and CR of the three dimensions (ie, relatedness, dependence, emotional energy) were all greater than 0.800, and the split coefficients were all greater than 0.800, indicating high reliability. Conclusion The Chinese version of the information technology identity scale presented satisfactory psychometric properties and shared many similarities with the original version. Ultimately, we revised an information technology identity scale suitable for Chinese culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Faculty of Education, Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haotian Liu
- Faculty of Education, Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Faculty of Education, Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiqing Yuan
- Faculty of Education, Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Sun
- Faculty of Education, Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Xiao
- Faculty of Education, Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Li Xiao, Faculty of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-17806815755, Email
| | - Wenxuan Li
- Faculty of Education, Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chong Ma
- Faculty of Education, Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|