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Lin D, Wu S, Li W, Ye P, Pan X, Zheng T, Gao F. A cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility genes for frailty. Front Genet 2024; 15:1404456. [PMID: 39071775 PMCID: PMC11272547 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1404456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 14 loci associated with frailty index (FI) susceptibility, the underlying causative genes and biological mechanisms remain elusive. Methods: A cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) was conducted utilizing the Unified Test for Molecular Markers (UTMOST), which integrates GWAS summary statistics from 164,610 individuals of European ancestry and 10,616 Swedish participants, alongside gene expression matrices from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) Project. Validation of the significant genes was performed through three distinct methods: FUSION, FOCUS, and Multiple Marker Analysis of Genome-wide Annotation (MAGMA). Exploration of tissue and functional enrichment for FI-associated SNPs was conducted using MAGMA. Conditional and joint analyses, along with fine mapping, were employed to enhance our understanding of FI's genetic architecture. Mendelian randomization was employed to ascertain causal relationships between significant genes and FI, and co-localization analysis was utilized to investigate shared SNPs between significant genes and FI. Results: In this study, two novel susceptibility genes associated with the risk of FI were identified through the application of four TWAS methods. Mendelian randomization demonstrated that HTT may elevate the risk of developing frailty, whereas LRPPRC could offer protection against the onset of frailty. Additionally, co-localization analysis identified a shared SNP between LRPPRC and FI. Tissue enrichment analyses revealed that genomic regions linked to SNPs associated with frailty were predominantly enriched in various brain regions, including the frontal cortex, cerebral cortex, and cerebellar hemispheres. Conditional, combined analyses, and fine mapping collectively identified two genetic regions associated with frailty: 2p21 and 4q16.3. Functional enrichment analyses revealed that the pathways associated with frailty were primarily related to the MHC complex, PD-1 signaling, cognition, inflammatory response to antigenic stimuli, and the production of second messenger molecules. Conclusion: This investigation uncovers two newly identified genes with forecasted expression levels associated with the risk of FI, offering new perspectives on the genetic architecture underlying FI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyi Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesia, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wangyu Li
- Department of Pain Management, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fujian Emergency Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuan Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ting Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fujian Emergency Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Co-Constructed Laboratory of “Belt and Road”, Fujian Emergency Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fujian Emergency Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Co-Constructed Laboratory of “Belt and Road”, Fujian Emergency Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
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Lapanan K, Kantha P, Nantachai G, Hemrungrojn S, Maes M. The prefrontal cortex hemodynamic responses to dual-task paradigms in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17812. [PMID: 37519646 PMCID: PMC10372207 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a method to measure cerebral hemodynamics. Determining the changes in prefrontal cortex (PFC) hemodynamics during dual-task paradigms is essential in explaining alterations in physical activities, especially in older adults. Aims To systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of dual-task paradigms on PFC hemodynamics in older adults. Methods The search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception until March 2023 to identify studies on the effects of dual-task paradigms on PFC hemodynamics. The meta-analysis included variables of cerebral hemodynamics, such as oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (HbR). The heterogeneity of the included studies was determined using the I2 statistic. Additionally, subgroup analysis was conducted to compare the effects of different types of cognitive tasks. Results A total of 37 studies were included in the systematic review, 25 studies comprising 2224 older adults were included in the meta-analysis. Our findings showed that inhibitory control and working memory tasks significantly increased HbO2 in the PFC by 0.53 (p < 0.01, 95% CI = 0.37 to 0.70) and 0.13 (p < 0.01, 95% CI = 0.08 to 0.18) μmol/L, respectively. Overall, HbO2 was significantly increased during dual-task paradigms by 0.36 μmol/L (P < 0.01, 95% CI = 0.27 to 0.45). Moreover, dual-task paradigms also decreased HbR in the PFC by 0.04 (P < 0.01, 95% CI = -0.07 to -0.01). Specifically, HbR decreased by 0.08 during inhibitory control tasks (p < 0.01, 95% CI = -0.13 to -0.02), but did not change during working memory tasks. Conclusion Cognitive tasks related to inhibitory control required greater cognitive demands, indicating higher pfc activation during dual-task paradigms in older adults. for clinical implications, the increase in pfc oxygenated hemoglobin and decrease in pfc deoxygenated hemoglobin may help explain why older adults are more likely to fall during daily activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulvara Lapanan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Cognitive Fitness and Biopsychiatry Technology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phunsuk Kantha
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Gallayaporn Nantachai
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Somdet Phra Sangharaj Nyanasamvara Geriatric Hospital, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Public Health, Chon Buri Province, Thailand
| | - Solaphat Hemrungrojn
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Cognitive Fitness and Biopsychiatry Technology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Cognitive Fitness and Biopsychiatry Technology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Mental Health Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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Fan W, Xiao C, He L, Chen L, Qu H, Yao Q, Li G, Hu J, Zou J, Zeng Q, Huang G. Cerebral Cortex Activation and Gait Performance between Healthy and Prefrail Older Adults during Cognitive and Walking Tasks. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1018. [PMID: 37508950 PMCID: PMC10377719 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13071018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-frailty is a transitional stage between health and frailty. Previous studies have demonstrated that individuals with pre-frailty experience declines in cognitive and gait performances compared with healthy individuals. However, the basic neural mechanism underlying this needs to be clarified. In this cross-sectional study, twenty-one healthy older adults and fifteen with pre-frailty underwent three conditions, including a single cognitive task (SC), single walking task (SW), and dual-task (DT), while cortical hemodynamic reactions were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The prefrail group (PG) showed a significantly lower activation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) than the healthy group (HG) when performing SC (p < 0.05). The PG showed a significantly lower Timed Up and Go test and step speed than the HG during SW (p < 0.05). The coefficient of variation (CV) of the step length of the PG was significantly higher than that of the HG when performing DT (p < 0.05). No significant correlation in cerebral cortex activation and gait parameters in the HG when performing SW and DT was noted (p > 0.05). Participants of the PG with a higher oxygenated area in the left anterior prefrontal cortex (L-APFC) had a lower step frequency during SW (r = -0.533, p = 0.041), and so did the following indicators of the PG during DT: L-APFC and step speed (r = -0.557, p = 0.031); right anterior prefrontal cortex and step speed (r = -0.610, p = 0.016); left motor cortex and step speed (r = -0.674, p = 0.006); step frequency (r = -0.656, p = 0.008); and step length (r = -0.535, p = 0.040). The negative correlations between the cerebral cortex and gait parameters of the PG indicated a neural compensatory effect of pre-frailty. Therefore, older adults with pre-frailty promote prefrontal activation to compensate for the impaired sensorimotor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Chongwu Xiao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Longlong He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Hang Qu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Qiuru Yao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Gege Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jinjing Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jihua Zou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Qing Zeng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Guozhi Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
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Miyazaki T, Kiyama R, Nakai Y, Kawada M, Takeshita Y, Araki S, Makizako H. Relationships between Gait Regularity and Cognitive Function, including Cognitive Domains and Mild Cognitive Impairment, in Community-Dwelling Older People. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:1571. [PMID: 34828617 PMCID: PMC8620724 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9111571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the correlations between gait regularity, cognitive functions including cognitive domains, and the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in community-dwelling older people. This study included 463 older adults (63.4% women, mean age: 74.1), and their step and stride regularity along the three-axis components was estimated from trunk acceleration, which was measured by inertial measurement units during a comfortable gait. Four aspects of cognitive function were assessed using a tablet computer: attention, executive function, processing speed, and memory, and participants were classified into those with or without MCI. The vertical component of stride and step regularity was associated with attention and executive function (r = -0.176--0.109, p ≤ 0.019), and processing speed (r = 0.152, p < 0.001), after it was adjusted for age and gait speed. The low vertical component of step regularity was related to the MCI after it was adjusted for covariates (OR 0.019; p = 0.016). The results revealed that cognitive function could affect gait regularity, and the vertical component of gait regularity, as measured by a wearable sensor, could play an important role in investigating cognitive decline in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takasuke Miyazaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 891-0175, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.N.); (M.K.); (S.A.); (H.M.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tarumizu Municipal Medical Center, Tarumizu Central Hospital, Kagoshima 891-2124, Japan;
| | - Ryoji Kiyama
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 891-0175, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.N.); (M.K.); (S.A.); (H.M.)
| | - Yuki Nakai
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 891-0175, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.N.); (M.K.); (S.A.); (H.M.)
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Daiichi Institute of Technology, Kagoshima 899-4395, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kawada
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 891-0175, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.N.); (M.K.); (S.A.); (H.M.)
| | - Yasufumi Takeshita
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tarumizu Municipal Medical Center, Tarumizu Central Hospital, Kagoshima 891-2124, Japan;
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 891-0175, Japan
| | - Sota Araki
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 891-0175, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.N.); (M.K.); (S.A.); (H.M.)
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 891-0175, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.N.); (M.K.); (S.A.); (H.M.)
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