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Llorián-Salvador Ó, Akhgar J, Pigorsch S, Borm K, Münch S, Bernhardt D, Rost B, Andrade-Navarro MA, Combs SE, Peeken JC. The importance of planning CT-based imaging features for machine learning-based prediction of pain response. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17427. [PMID: 37833283 PMCID: PMC10576053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43768-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients suffering from painful spinal bone metastases (PSBMs) often undergo palliative radiation therapy (RT), with an efficacy of approximately two thirds of patients. In this exploratory investigation, we assessed the effectiveness of machine learning (ML) models trained on radiomics, semantic and clinical features to estimate complete pain response. Gross tumour volumes (GTV) and clinical target volumes (CTV) of 261 PSBMs were segmented on planning computed tomography (CT) scans. Radiomics, semantic and clinical features were collected for all patients. Random forest (RFC) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers were compared using repeated nested cross-validation. The best radiomics classifier was trained on CTV with an area under the receiver-operator curve (AUROC) of 0.62 ± 0.01 (RFC; 95% confidence interval). The semantic model achieved a comparable AUROC of 0.63 ± 0.01 (RFC), significantly below the clinical model (SVM, AUROC: 0.80 ± 0.01); and slightly lower than the spinal instability neoplastic score (SINS; LR, AUROC: 0.65 ± 0.01). A combined model did not improve performance (AUROC: 0,74 ± 0,01). We could demonstrate that radiomics and semantic analyses of planning CTs allowed for limited prediction of therapy response to palliative RT. ML predictions based on established clinical parameters achieved the best results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Llorián-Salvador
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Department for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Informatik 12, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Boltzmannstraße 3, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 15, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joachim Akhgar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffi Pigorsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Kai Borm
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Münch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Denise Bernhardt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum, 85764, München, Germany
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Rost
- Department for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Informatik 12, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Boltzmannstraße 3, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Miguel A Andrade-Navarro
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 15, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephanie E Combs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum, 85764, München, Germany
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan C Peeken
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum, 85764, München, Germany.
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Mansour A, Trefi A, Mansour M, Shekho A, Salloum S. The complexities of treating brain and spinal cord tumors: a review of current approaches. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:4969-4972. [PMID: 37811056 PMCID: PMC10552955 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This article provides an overview of brain and spinal cord tumours, including their types, diagnosis, and treatment approaches. Brain and spinal cord tumours are complex and can be caused by various factors. They can be divided into two main categories, primary and metastatic tumours, which present their own unique challenges and complexities when it comes to treatment. Diagnosing brain and spinal cord tumours requires a careful evaluation of the patient's medical history and symptoms, as well as a variety of diagnostic tools and techniques. Treatment approaches include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, each with its own benefits and drawbacks. The choice of treatment depends on the type and location of the tumour, as well as the patient's individual needs and preferences. Despite advances in treatment, there is a pressing need for further research to improve the effectiveness and safety of these treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Majd Mansour
- Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria
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Litak J, Czyżewski W, Szymoniuk M, Sakwa L, Pasierb B, Litak J, Hoffman Z, Kamieniak P, Roliński J. Biological and Clinical Aspects of Metastatic Spinal Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194599. [PMID: 36230523 PMCID: PMC9559304 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Spine metastases are a common life-threatening complication of advanced-stage malignancies and often result in poor prognosis. Symptomatic spine metastases develop in the course of about 10% of malignant neoplasms. Therefore, it is essential for contemporary medicine to understand metastatic processes in order to find appropriate, targeted therapeutic options. Our literature review aimed to describe the up-to-date knowledge about the molecular pathways and biomarkers engaged in the spine’s metastatic processes. Moreover, we described current data regarding bone-targeted treatment, the emerging targeted therapies, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy used for the treatment of spine metastases. We hope that knowledge comprehensively presented in our review will contribute to the development of novel drugs targeting specific biomarkers and pathways. The more we learn about the molecular aspects of cancer metastasis, the easier it will be to look for treatment methods that will allow us to precisely kill tumor cells. Abstract Spine metastases are a common life-threatening complication of advanced-stage malignancies and often result in poor prognosis. Symptomatic spine metastases develop in the course of about 10% of malignant neoplasms. Therefore, it is essential for contemporary medicine to understand metastatic processes in order to find appropriate, targeted therapeutic options. Thanks to continuous research, there appears more and more detailed knowledge about cancer and metastasis, but these transformations are extremely complicated, e.g., due to the complexity of reactions, the variety of places where they occur, or the participation of both tumor cells and host cells in these transitions. The right target points in tumor metastasis mechanisms are still being researched; that will help us in the proper diagnosis as well as in finding the right treatment. In this literature review, we described the current knowledge about the molecular pathways and biomarkers engaged in metastatic processes involving the spine. We also presented a current bone-targeted treatment for spine metastases and the emerging therapies targeting the discussed molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Litak
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Czyżewski
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Didactics and Medical Simulation, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Szymoniuk
- Student Scientific Association at the Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Leon Sakwa
- Student Scientific Society, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technologies and Humanities in Radom, Chrobrego 27, 26-600 Radom, Poland
| | - Barbara Pasierb
- Department of Dermatology, Radom Specialist Hospital, Lekarska 4, 26-600 Radom, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Joanna Litak
- St. John’s Cancer Center in Lublin, Jaczewskiego 7, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Zofia Hoffman
- Student Scientific Society, Medical University of Lublin, Al. Racławickie 1, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Kamieniak
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Roliński
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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