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De-Ville S, Edmondson J, Green D, Stirling R, Dawson R, Stovin V. Effect of vegetation treatment and water stress on evapotranspiration in bioretention systems. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 252:121182. [PMID: 38290238 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Evapotranspiration is a key hydrological process for reducing stormwater runoff in bioretention systems, regardless of their physical configuration. Understanding the volumes of stormwater that can be returned to the atmosphere via evapotranspiration is, therefore, a key consideration in the design of any bioretention system. This study establishes the evapotranspiration dynamics of three common, structurally different, bioretention vegetation treatments (an Amenity Grass mix, and mono-cultures of Deschampsia cespitosa and Iris sibirica) compared with an un-vegetated control using lab-scale column experiments. Via continuous mass and moisture loss data, observed evapotranspiration rates were compared with those predicted by the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith model for five 14-day dry periods during Spring 2021, Summer 2021, and Spring 2022. Soil moisture reductions over the 14-day trials led to reduced rates of evapotranspiration. This necessitated the use of a soil moisture extraction function alongside a crop coefficient to represent actual evapotranspiration from FAO-56 Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration estimates. Crop coefficients (Kc) varied between 0.65 and 2.91, with a value of 1.0 identified as a recommended default value in the absence of treatment-specific empirical data. A continuous hydrological model with Kc=1.0 and a loading ratio of 10:1 showed that evapotranspiration could account for between 1 and 12% of the annual water budget for a bioretention system located in the UK and Ireland, increasing to a maximum of 35% when using the highest Kc observed (2.91).
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon De-Ville
- Department of Civil & Structural Engineering. The University of Sheffield, Sir Frederick Mappin Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S1 3JD, United Kingdom.
| | - Jill Edmondson
- School of Biosciences. The University of Sheffield, Alfred Denny Building, Western Bank, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Green
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom; UKCRIC National Green Infrastructure Facility, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE4 5TG, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Stirling
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom; UKCRIC National Green Infrastructure Facility, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE4 5TG, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Dawson
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Virginia Stovin
- Department of Civil & Structural Engineering. The University of Sheffield, Sir Frederick Mappin Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S1 3JD, United Kingdom
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Abstract
The importance of evapotranspiration is well-established in various disciplines such as hydrology, agronomy, climatology, and other geosciences [...]
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