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Do EK, Prom-Wormley EC, Fuemmeler BF, Dick DM, Kendler KS, Maes HH. Associations Between Initial Subjective Experiences with Tobacco and Self-Reported Recent Use in Young Adulthood. Subst Use Misuse 2018; 53:2291-2298. [PMID: 29843549 PMCID: PMC6143142 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2018.1473435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth tobacco use behaviors are predictive of patterns in adulthood and effect long-term health outcomes. Yet, few studies have examined the effect of initial subjective experiences (ISEs) during first tobacco use, which has been found to be an indicator of individuals. sensitivity to nicotine and vulnerability to dependence. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of ISEs across a variety of tobacco products, evaluate the factor structure of ISEs by first tobacco product used, and examine the relationship between ISEs and recent (30-day) use of tobacco products across time, using a university sample. METHODS Exploratory factor analyses were conducted to identify latent factors present with respect to items measuring ISEs with tobacco, separately by tobacco product (e.g. cigarettes, cigars, hookah, e-cigarettes). Factor scores for positive and negative ISEs were calculated. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between ISEs and recent use of each tobacco product, adjusted for age at first use, sex, race/ethnicity, and cohort. RESULTS ISEs differ by the first tobacco product used. Associations between factor scores for positive and negative ISEs and recent use were found across a variety of tobacco products. Overall, positive ISEs were more strongly associated with recent use, relative to negative ISEs. CONCLUSIONS Further research is needed to identify genetic and biological pathways and social contexts influencing initial subjective experiences with tobacco use, in efforts to delay the initiation for tobacco use and reduce risk for continued use among young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Do
- a Department of Health Behavior & Policy , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
| | - Elizabeth C Prom-Wormley
- b Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine & Population Health , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
| | - Bernard F Fuemmeler
- a Department of Health Behavior & Policy , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA.,c Massey Cancer Center , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
| | - Danielle M Dick
- d Departments of Psychology, Human & Molecular Genetics, College Behavioral and Emotional Health Institute , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
| | - Kenneth S Kendler
- e Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
| | - Hermine H Maes
- c Massey Cancer Center , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA.,e Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA.,f Department of Human & Molecular Genetics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
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Gmel G, Akre C, Astudillo M, Bähler C, Baggio S, Bertholet N, Clair C, Cornuz J, Daeppen JB, Deline S, Dermota P, Dey M, Dupuis M, Estévez N, Foster S, Gaume J, Haug S, Henchoz Y, Kuendig H, Mohler-Kuo M, N’Goran A, Schaub M, Studer J, Suris JC, Wang J. The Swiss Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors – Findings of two Waves. SUCHT-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR WISSENSCHAFT UND PRAXIS 2015. [DOI: 10.1024/0939-5911.a000380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Aim: To summarize published findings in peer-reviewed journals of the first two waves of the Swiss Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF), a longitudinal study assessing risk and protective factors of 5,987 young men during the phase of emerging adulthood (20 years at baseline, followed-up 15 months later). Methods: Included were 33 studies published until November 2014 focusing on substance use. Results: Substance use in early adulthood is a prevalent and stable behavior. The 12-month prevalence of nonmedical use of prescription drugs (10.6 %) lies between that of cannabis (36.4 %) and other illicit drugs such as ecstasy (3.7 %) and cocaine (3.2 %). Although peer pressure in the form of misconduct is associated with increased substance use, other aspects such as peer involvement in social activities may have beneficial effects. Regular sport activities are associated with reduced substance use, with the exception of alcohol use. Young men are susceptible to structural conditions such as the price of alcohol beverages or the density of on-premise alcohol outlets. Particularly alcohol use in public settings such as bars, discos or in parks (compared with private settings such as the home) is associated with alcohol-related harm, including injuries or violence. Being a single parent versus nuclear family has no effect on alcohol use, but active parenting does. Besides parenting, religiousness is an important protective factor for both legal and illegal substance use. Merely informing young men about the risks of substance use may not be an effective preventive measure. At-risk users of licit and illicit substances are more health literate, e. g., for example, they seek out more information on the internet than non-at-risk-users or abstainers. Discussion: There are a number of risk and protective substance use factors, but their associations with substance use do not necessarily agree with those found outside Europe. In the United States, for example, heavy alcohol use in this age group commonly takes place in private settings, whereas in Switzerland it more often takes place in public settings. Other behaviors, such as the nonmedical use of prescription drugs, appear to be similar to those found overseas, which may show the need for targeted preventive actions. C-SURF findings point to the necessity of establishing European studies to identify factors for designing specific preventive actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Gmel
- Addiction Switzerland, Lausanne
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario
- University of the West of England, Bristol
| | - Christina Akre
- Research Group on Adolescent Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne
| | | | - Caroline Bähler
- Department of Health Sciences, Helsana Insurance Group, Zurich
| | - Stéphanie Baggio
- Life Course and Inequality Research Centre, University of Lausanne
| | - Nicolas Bertholet
- Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne
| | - Carole Clair
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, University of Lausanne
| | - Jacques Cornuz
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, University of Lausanne
| | | | - Stéphane Deline
- Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne
| | | | - Michelle Dey
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marc Dupuis
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne
| | - Natalia Estévez
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich
| | - Simon Foster
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich
| | - Jacques Gaume
- Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne
| | - Severin Haug
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, Zurich
| | - Yves Henchoz
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), University of Lausanne Hospital Centre, Lausanne
| | | | - Meichun Mohler-Kuo
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich
| | - Alexandra N’Goran
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, University of Lausanne
| | - Michael Schaub
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, Zurich
| | - Joseph Studer
- Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne
| | - Joan-Carles Suris
- Research Group on Adolescent Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne
| | - Jen Wang
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich
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